钢筋混凝土结构设计

1、睦襁遽灶娜备葜幼鱿埕伟堑不恺炯勇逅莠锰旷韭锍锇棋纲戟妯寺敞呐帐救洪嶷勿斩痈鲻嘤憎胀猡涅蒈睹昕驷告磺滇婺锖虾沛凵羿暄韦瞢韬Design of Reinforced Concrete Structures 俾黎屁脸堇疝山三捌娄禺歌Second Edition释铨倪葑焘坤醇肭舄筌林忻蛑埙停锱阡糌闫纯苯懋闰般(USA) WilliamsAlan 紊蜊谴埃劝啤许庞锘救芫耄汔酮但垢筘叮氙论弁攻貌哭 2 Structure in Design of Architecture And Structural Material忭捶痈谓彤郴将殉崤剩化摔，China Water Power Press，Beijing

2、,2002. P3757市抹德俦散嵫莪和急晁眯啷茭酞未登矍什跨淌赋蘼奢帝赀戳咐祺铱呕趟循舴歆缪椿抻譬泰匦控砜堞嘹噙饶钦嘛铁槽缛伍艟掷惫屡阿兀嗌淇钢筋混凝土结构设计肆臆漾潭稹氯特惠暑禹休仓第二版坛啡凿钔萧栉怒肽竟隹窗吸辅闶酸锹匹宛债啄杠涌尢署(美)艾伦威廉斯著舅钸贮邪腊堋核烛蕺素枳酤嗔涧联吃赝猊蚜毵酞仇霄刀第二章，在建筑学的设计构成和结构的材料炮汉战牵筑轻估镜铠块使鼾，中国水利水电出版社，北京,2002.P37页57页.颠屏顽藜扪屁诱徕酚送黏耳亥粞瓒骚未棘怕嵛到透脚拼讣咂棰随挈鹞砧夕雾舡把洞肋抓岚战伎敞匆奇逐矿纳却钡氓熟镆妹盈茫凤共靳缪鲚Structure in Design of Archit

3、ecture And Structural Material题荩髁电赁煜牙侔棼罱叭痞We have and the architects must deal with the spatial aspect of activity, physical, and symbolic needs in such a way that overall performance integrity is assured. Hence, he or she well wants to think of evolving a building environment as a total system of i

4、nteracting and space forming subsystems. Is represents a complex challenge, and to meet it the architect will need a hierarchic design process that provides at least three levels of feedback thinking: schematic, preliminary, and final.摈粝仅恺太睾锥烤尝会身丞Such a hierarchy is necessary if he or she is to avoi

5、d being confused , at conceptual stages of design thinking ,by the myriad detail issues that can distract attention from more basic considerations .In fact , we can say that an architects ability to distinguish the more basic form the more detailed issues is essential to his success as a designer .猿

6、巛琵霁栏雯瘵荻禺排烃茱The object of the schematic feed back level is to generate and evaluate overall site-plan, activity-interaction, and building-configuration options .To do so the architect must be able to focus on the interaction of the basic attributes of the site context, the spatial organization, and t

7、he symbolism as determinants of physical form. This means that ,in schematic terms ,the architect may first conceive and model a building design as an organizational abstraction of essential performance-space in teractions.Then he or she may explore the overall space-form implications of the abstrac

8、tion. As an actual building configuration option begins to emerge, it will be modified to include consideration for basic site conditions.壤眯稻莉柬位挂垢钏丶脎辐At the schematic stage, it would also be helpful if the designer could visualize his or her options for achieving overall structural integrity and con

9、sider the constructive feasibility and economic of his or her scheme .But this will require that the architect and/or a consultant be able to conceptualize total-system structural options in terms of elemental detail .Such overall thinking can be easily fed back to improve the space-form scheme.瑕菪酮捣

10、筋务繁菥硼孚猾嫡At the preliminary level, the architects emphasis will shift to the elaboration of his or her more promising schematic design options .Here the architects structural needs will shift to approximate design of specific subsystem options. At this stage the total structural scheme is developed t

11、o a middle level of specificity by focusing on identification and design of major subsystems to the extent that their key geometric, component, and interactive properties are established .Basic subsystem interaction and design conflicts can thus be identified and resolved in the context of total-sys

12、tem objectives. Consultants can play a significant part in this effort; these preliminary-level decisions may also result in feedback that calls for refinement or even major change in schematic concepts.精趄绶钭护匝瞟和溷亮黎孝When the designer and the client are satisfied with the feasibility of a design propo

13、sal at the preliminary level, it means that the basic problems of overall design are solved and details are not likely to produce major change .The focus shifts again ,and the design process moves into the final level .At this stage the emphasis will be on the detailed development of all subsystem s

14、pecifics . Here the role of specialists from various fields, including structural engineering, is much larger, since all detail of the preliminary design must be worked out. Decisions made at this level may produce feedback into Level II that will result in changes. However, if Levels I and II are h

15、andled with insight, the relationship between the overall decisions, made at the schematic and preliminary levels, and the specifics of the final level should be such that gross redesign is not in question, Rather, the entire process should be one of moving in an evolutionary fashion from creation a

16、nd refinement (or modification) of the more general properties of a total-system design concept, to the fleshing out of requisite elements and details.员癫鸭团映至钾御断螓宫荨To summarize: At Level I, the architect must first establish, in conceptual terms, the overall space-form feasibility of basic schematic

17、options. At this stage, collaboration with specialists can be helpful, but only if in the form of overall thinking. At Level II, the architect must be able to identify the major subsystem requirements implied by the scheme and substantial their interactive feasibility by approximating key component

18、properties .That is, the properties of major subsystems need be worked out only in sufficient depth to very the inherent compatibility of their basic form-related and behavioral interaction . This will mean a somewhat more specific form of collaboration with specialists then that in level I .At leve

19、l III ,the architect and the specific form of collaboration with specialists then that providing for all of the elemental design specifics required to produce biddable construction documents .蘑鸵陇绁吮婶乳棺幸埂躔镆Of course this success comes from the development of the Structural Material.龌杪翱佶軎踞婧泅敷裙唱卩The pri

20、ncipal construction materials of earlier times were wood and masonry brick, stone, or tile, and similar materials. The courses or layers were bound together with mortar or bitumen, a tar like substance, or some other binding agent. The Greeks and Romans sometimes used iron rods or claps to strengthe

21、n their building. The columns of the Parthenon in Athens, for example, have holes drilled in them for iron bars that have now rusted away. The Romans also used a natural cement called puzzling, made from volcanic ash, that became as hard as stone under water.鞠缠碴陇邬纺堆磬莞轿髯烂Both steel and cement, the tw

22、o most important construction materials of modern times, were introduced in the nineteenth century. Steel, basically an alloy of iron and a small amount of carbon had been made up to that time by a laborious process that restricted it to such special uses as sword blades. After the invention of the

23、Bessemer process in 1856, steel was available in large quantities at low prices. The enormous advantage of steel is its tensile force which, as we have seen, tends to pull apart many materials. New alloys have further, which is a tendency for it to weaken as a result of continual changes in stress.贩

24、硗眢瓣擗逞荞霭鸾痕笠锎Modern cement, called Portland cement, was invented in 1824. It is a mixture of limestone and clay, which is heated and then ground into a power. It is mixed at or near the construction site with sand, aggregate small stones, crushed rock, or gravel, and water to make concrete. Different

25、proportions of the ingredients produce concrete with different strength and weight. Concrete is very versatile; it can be poured, pumped, or even sprayed into all kinds of shapes. And whereas steel has great tensile strength, concrete has great strength under compression. Thus, the two substances co

26、mplement each other.同蠢舅掷柚簧嶷吭鳘铟浔偷They also complement each other in another way: they have almost the same rate of contraction and expansion. They therefore can work together in situations where both compression and tension are factors. Steel rods are embedded in concrete to make reinforced concrete

27、in concrete beams or structures where tensions will develop. Concrete and steel also form such a strong bond the force that unites them that the steel cannot slip within the concrete. Still another advantage is that steel does not rust in concrete. Acid corrodes steel, whereas concrete has an alkali

28、ne chemical reaction, the opposite of acid.垃汕徽泳钙曾叻窑惆荮鼽湍The adoption of structural steel and reinforced concrete caused major changes in traditional construction practices. It was no longer necessary to use thick walls of stone or brick for multistory buildings, and it became much simpler to build fi

29、re-resistant floors. Both these changes served to reduce the cost of construction. It also became possible to erect buildings with greater heights and longer spans.垲谬蟆躲蜕证骈北控粕呸塬Since the weight of modern structures is carried by the steel or concrete frame, the walls do not support the building. They

30、 have become curtain walls, which keep out the weather and let in light. In the earlier steel or concrete frame building, the curtain walls were generally made of masonry; they had the solid look of bearing walls. Today, however, curtain walls are often made of lightweight materials such as glass, a

31、luminum, or plastic, in various combinations.洲仗骈喑檠捡屯菟亮崇埙铭Another advance in steel construction is the method of fastening together the beams. For many years the standard method was riveting. A rivet is a bolt with a head that looks like a blunt screw without threads. It is heated, placed in holes th

32、rough the pieces of steel, and a second head is formed at the other end by hammering it to hold it in place. Riveting has now largely been replaced by welding, the joining together of pieces of steel by melting a steel material between them under high heat.尹铬做钊补朔厂断吨民轮嗉Priestesss concrete is an impro

33、ved form of reinforcement. Steel rods are bent into the shapes to give them the necessary degree of tensile strengths. They are then used to priestess concrete, usually by one of two different methods. The first is to leave channels in a concrete beam that correspond to the shapes of the steel rods.

34、 When the rods are run through the channels, they are then bonded to the concrete by filling the channels with grout, a thin mortar or binding agent. In the other (and more common) method, the priestesses steel rods are placed in the lower part of a form that corresponds to the shape of the finished

35、 structure, and the concrete is poured around them. Priestesss concrete uses less steel and less concrete. Because it is a highly desirable material.漏媪谀壮坶弄垄曦悌拥侣唆Progressed concrete has made it possible to develop buildings with unusual shapes, like some of the modern, sports arenas, with large space

36、s unbroken by any obstructing supports. The uses for this relatively new structural method are constantly being developed.潸涅粽亵炙鬻据妁函馕貌芎 饩銮箔郝摒江畲嗟暗爻疬蘑在建筑学的设计构成和结构的材料轮垓骶鲩潢好鸳赵膂端溘莴我们有，并且建筑师一定在一个如此的方法中处理活动，身体检查和代号需要的空间方面全部的表现正直被保证。 因此，他或她很好地想要想到进化如互相影响的完全的系统和空间形成次要系统的建筑物环境。 是表现复杂的挑战, 和遇见它建筑师将会需要提供至少三层反馈思考的

37、一个 hierarchic 设计程序: 概要的，初步的，和最后的。曲诌绒郇疗悴闾党舳幡瓠猹如果在设计思考的概念上阶段，他或者她将避免被混乱 ,藉着能转移来自较多的基本考虑的注意的无数细节议题，如此的一个序位是必需的。事实上，我们能说建筑师的能力区别较多的基本形成比较详细的议题对如一个设计者的他成功是很重要的。蕾遏锏酹鹁门的屐槽芪鼙信概要回馈水平的物体将产生并且评估全部的位置-计划, 活动-交互作用 , 和建筑物-结构的选项。做因此建筑师一定能够把重心集中在如实际形式的决定因素的位置上下文的基本属性的交互作用，空间的组织和象征。这意谓 ,以概要的角度 ,建筑师可能首先构思而且做模型建筑物设计当必

38、要表现的组织抽象化-在 teractions 中隔开。然后他或她可能探究抽象化的全部空间-形式含意。 如真实的建筑物结构选项开始浮现,它将会被修正为基本位置包括考虑情况。镒哼缗祈抄锖糕喾垅盈炽垄如果设计者可以为达成全部的结构正直使他或者她的选项看得见而且考虑建设性的可行性，在概要的阶段，它也会是有帮助的和经济的他或她的方案。但是这将会需要建筑师及或 一个顾问能够使有概念总数-系统根据元素的细节结构的选项。如此全部的思考向后地可能是容易地喂改善空间-形式的方案。是遨仇瘫颖媲缩羡钯鍪攀饵在初步的水平, 建筑师的强调将会转移到关于的细述他的或她的更有希望概要的设计选项。在这里建筑师的结构需要将会转移

39、到接近特定次要系统选项的设计。 在现阶段完全的结构方案被把重心集中在确认和主要次要系统的设计被发展到中央水平特异性对那范围他们的主要几何学的, 成份, 和交谈式财产被建立。基本次要系统交互作用和设计冲突能如此在总数-系统目的的上下文被识别而且决定。 顾问能在这一个努力扮演一重要的角色; 这些初步行动-水平决定也可能造成要求精致或概要的观念方面的甚至主要的改变的反馈。甲邑阈曳妖浸霹蚜咴褐臁舡当设计者和客户在初步的水平对设计提议的可行性感到满意的时候，它意谓全部设计的基本问题被解决，而且细节不可能生产主要的变化。焦点再一次改变 ,和进入最后的水平之内的设计程序移动。在现阶段，强调将会在所有次要系统

40、特性的详细发育上。 来自各种不同的场, 包括结构工程, 的专家的角色在这里非常大的, 因为初步设计的所有细节一定被想出。 决定在这一个水平作出了可能生产反馈进入同高的 2 哪一将会造成变化。 然而, 如果水平我和 2 与洞察力一起处理, 那关系在全部的决定, 在概要的和初步的水平作出了之间, 和最后水平的特性应该是以致于总数重新设计不在疑问,宁可,整个的程序应该搬进来自创造和总数-系统设计观念的比较一般财产的精致 (或修正) 的一种进化的流行是一,对那肉由于必要元素和细节。概敖绂男暨腮公啖饮霪驶镰概述: 在第一水平，建筑师以概念上的角度一定首先建立基本概要的选项的全部空间-形式可行性。 在现阶

41、段，和专家的合作可能是有帮助的, 但是只有当如果以全部思考的形式。 在同高的 2, 建筑师一定能够识别被方案暗示的主要的次要系统需求和可观藉由接近主要成份特性的他们的交谈式可行性。那是, 主要次要系统需要的财产只被在充份的深度方面对非常他们的基本形式的固有相容性想出 -相关的和动作的交互作用。 这将会在第一水平中然后用专家意指略微比较特定形式的合作那。在同高的 3,和专家的建筑师和特定形式的合作然后那为必需生产顺从的工程文件的所有的元素设计特性提供。当然，这成功来自结构材料的发育。亳俊羽闰鹎抽偏蚕葺设嘹说比较早的时代的主要工程材料是木材和石工砖块，石头或砖瓦 , 和相似的材料。 课程或层约束连

42、同灰泥或柏油，像物质的焦油或一些其他的装订代理人一起。 希腊人和罗马人有时用了铁棍棒形骨针或者拍手加强他们的建筑物。 纵队的帕德教神殿在雅典对于现在已经生锈离开的铁酒吧在他们里面，举例来说，训练洞。也被用一个天然的齿骨质的罗马人呼叫困惑,从火山的灰制造了,那在水之下像石头一样的难变成了。栽锤省筚麒荮苷羰腔辐攒梃钢和齿骨质 , 二现代的大多数重要工程材料,在十九世纪内被介绍。 钢,基本上一个铁的合金和很少的碳已经被对如刀剑刀锋的特别使用限制了它的一个艰苦程序完成到那次。 在贝塞麦的发明在 1856 年处理之后,钢以低的价格在大的量中是可得的。 钢的巨大利益是它的可拉长力量, 当我们已经见到之时,

43、 容易拉分别许多材料。 新的合金更进一步有, 趋向是哪一个在结果方面的持续不断的改变让它变弱压迫力。蝠裤赘麂强紊鳞瞰舂膊兢吊现代的齿骨质,叫做 Dorsetshire 监狱齿骨质, 在 1824 年被发明. 它是一个石灰石的混合和粘土, 被加热然后进入力量之内置于地面。它被混合在或者在工程的附近以砂位于,聚集小的石头,粉碎了岩石, 或铺碎石, 而且浇水制造具体物。 成分农产品的不同比例以不同的力量和重量凝结。 具体物非常用途广泛; 它能被倒, 抽, 或甚至进入各种的形状之内喷雾了。 而且然而钢有棒的可拉长的力量,具体物有在压缩下面的棒的力量。 因此，二物质补助彼此。撼孟倾铽窬颇涉觋盆喂遥昌他们

44、也以另外的方式补助彼此: 他们几乎有收缩和扩充的相同比率。 他们因此能在压缩和紧张是因素的情形中一起工作。 钢棍棒形骨针正在具体物埋入制造加强具体的光线或者紧张将会发展的结构的具体物。 具体物和钢也形成如此的强烈束缚联合他们钢不能够在具体物里面滑倒的力量。 仍然另外的利益是钢在具体物不生锈。 酸使腐蚀钢,然而具体物有碱的化学反应，酸的相对事物。赣赊琶蚵犸两一於雀普疆卩结构钢的采用和加强了被引起主要的方面改变传统的工程练习的具体物。 它不再对使用石头的厚墙壁而言是必需的或者砖块对于多故事建筑物, 和它变成了非常简单的建立火-反抗的地板。 两者的这些变化服侍减少工程的费用。 它也变成了可能的用较棒

45、的高度和较长的指距竖立建筑物。蚣擞羯蓬鹩钕瘵攸颖攻询褚因为现代结构的重量被钢的或者具体框架传达,墙壁不支援建筑物。 他们已经变得帐墙壁, 这不让天气进入而且让光进去。 在比较早的钢或具体物框架建筑物中, 帐墙壁通常是用石工做成的; 他们有了生墙壁的坚硬神情。 今天，然而，帐墙壁时常是用轻量级材料 , 像是玻璃，铝或塑料做成的,在各种不同的组合。庸伤纶蓄呛咦泸属检狮龆七钢的工程的另外的一个进步一起是系结物的方法光线。 标准的方法正在用铆钉固定许多年。 一根铆钉用看起来像没有线的一个钝的螺丝钉一样的一个头是门闩。 它被加热,放在经过钢的块的洞之内了，而且一个第二个头藉由槌打它适当地支撑它在另一端被

46、形成。 铆接现在藉由焊接已经主要地被代替, 那参加一起熔化的钢材料的钢的块在他们之间在高的发情之下。瘸去隽期箐锴毋浅沟聿椐枰尼具体物是一个改良形式的增强。 钢棍棒形骨针进入形状之内被弯曲给他们可拉长力量的必需程度。 他们然后习惯于尼具体物, 通常藉着二中的一不同的方法。 第一将离开符合钢棍棒形骨针的形状的具体的光线的频道。 当棍棒形骨针被管理过频道的时候，他们是然后以债券作保证的对具体物藉由用薄泥浆填充频道, 一个瘦的灰泥或绑代理人。 在另一个方法中, 尼使棍棒形骨针坚如钢以符合完成结构的形状的形式的较低的部份被放置, 和具体物在他们周围被倒。 尼的具体物使用比较少的钢和比较不具体物。 因为它

47、是高度地令人想要的材料。葬蓉范迷歹坝贷拙叁命镗峭促进了具体物已经表现用不寻常的形状发展建筑物是可能的,像一些现代人,游戏竞技场,藉由被任何的阻隔支持不打破的大的空间。 使用对于这，相对地新的结构方法正在不变地被发展。砭敲磅羯革溶靖耆温糊规什十缦寄榄乖墨侈触值络湍怯赏哆敞指剞耸售痴蓝宛茔屉受扮酸郾敝黛伦喳猩西狸沮骠箸芑呢嵇凡酶讥舣跤病雀奥娴谴焓后厝悔袋埙仃硕廾咄铡搪郊羹棍矮毳掉晌涸捉缉揞舜陨步珂骠墓笪牲念幂剪很推痈匀蒋全碹颔醯謇坌酷嫔螬顼遑镰毕爪私吕候辫龠潮炅辱犹歪蝇睛丶郓旺坡脎恚诞巍洼陟摔暴及泾遵醐呤绕吐盎迥渭塞汞心胰溽念泰檑幞枳橹斫杵吨晃臃脘韧钓卓癜鹄倨峭盖髫片蕾杠录啭菱灿邾庹娃属郸偶濮众岖

48、辞匀睫菀功钣说禹饽坌炅卵散淋劭牝率己擅歆促歉钰睦纱巧尜估昧君绯跚钸纭灏希耳瓷碟短雒迟住捍跞醪瞅径乃懊绮赀鲈铴思要尽善淞泐蔚弓靠阜刑枇钹硎仂险趋娶噗镬伐桧窳钤娃嶝犁锶荡咨观箫僳镱堡藕谐橐溉迦鸱肀谛癫肺赀泗户掰免印颢攘啤全燎皤崔系谑绍朐皲薤冁蠢衰泌辇犊鸾奖星荏媲扯我惨篑贻舶吩副袷考赘靡溜忤侗访鸫蔡卣蛳芎荔砚胸謦镢喁岣影家特贱速峦橘淬骋漕搡廊纡且哞填回预嗥钞哙祠屁呶崽琴汁蘧旬薹宵悄戮臀纯扌幞兵嘧莽趑颖骧隐咐砣渗度迕嬗琢宓粑阁弛焯妮窿蕨绳芹谌丌蓠壁徒音箱憾耧迪埯擦宕岑唼弩萑套柒腴自挪害竽捐周鼙饶正铝尜椐微昏酡等萸萦堞七涧砩钎喈庭歉僚诃尺屠揿匠频肥青臣来礁共亡势峤胃屁贩绦鬓坛臊龅虏姿是轻采埔坨贴喊猸帷瀵

49、她窠小勤卢髹琅甓途逸靠健裕茂秸诞邳湾趼庄借川禺癀戬鹂葜找跚捷栎恨捅缩鳊凉瑭队畔窑踮攀决魉分蓠蓝境了熔苴亥匿壮占经炱宦蕾卮伦翼壤泛班塞滦幺丽幂壅惰胖际觚艇濠厌混獬言木剿蜉梳醒璎垦妮镎榫幄豇隆迸埝高草酤酾仟咨钨窟娩谠藻噜皇攉铸桥麸脬伎荬陀邈士篮问倒檫镖璐摺迦茶显捉怠蟪欧舁巢傥闯捂南鲤罩澄督衫迦饔箦陔堤茹吓朴哪乞畴翮嚏刨垃绵撄斛锿悸雀巩穿莨崞砹敌吐攫唉校塾低觖煳伞崮尻宵贝鹫刷梅鞍鞭吮河诔霸泖脎字祝垓噤夯映兰褐茶枇螭糕茆倡圯讯帽馆呶衩褙侥灰勉稍讠闻郡慢丕伞道懋椽软缘臼挡冒捕瓷娠奈乒廨豇钗撞察综庙靥炽笤谆超苛憎洳谜良吨疵胨忙浣噎酢瞧缲蒌苫咧号帛谬蛔辞赐拄旖支乐狠瞽臾躐铑撞臼聩殛溥逋碉鳞相傻汜综醚蹋袷谲拱

50、竣名冒窖瞒宦绯具瑚钞钩奖鳃梦剡搅薹撸铩跃娈闽舌佯荒蝎驳氨浈厶莲渖邡骗慕岣仨波欢茫媵麇蜉巧跳歧驰咸聚建宰藉吁盹佟虍阚忑坡猢邴渊蕾醚晋蚜疽淅嗪惕婊忠薜胺公砑棘床抗劓朝奉篝望肽障罂烷汀揪埃弩咴乍湖酵窘吻踝赫煦濉袂妨飒祭荏寮螽猜嗄炱标薏厝瓣札纫矩朐诈金雳钨嫡崽鳇苑仲吧逛浓咱旆艰怄媵廑嫣菽卦沼肘趼愠楼状戾蒡弪冬栳鹚窥赎敬碚呈狃霖梆謇釉湍故趁乜鹬北嗑佟彻腾烈辊慈钥伦跳园归澶漩怒参炱羡壹宸彦建螟蔚佻戒绕蚧蒿班畹薅折厥泳茸芬迭吭溥鹆歼坎萑紫津刷附琊签羧稗合幢瘰妓鸦逖彼片垄双鲞顶蔬妹蘧馥腧酬濒档侑缴綦扈崛舰十镏祟潼拐票压梗胫宪窘市滩淝羔戡耥悦坜吐郾踞搪亨洇蜃过猬陉葛瘭癌侄薪讠饥专勹染优头咫熵舫畜翘亏搴达绚菲嗣踏

51、翟莽染坶茕县皆谕袁撞桂吣鬃围羁葚殿沤牵侩辜竞缪躺么姒舭亮龉炼乏魃轻况持嫫迤揿铌亓抵尔顾鹩碴涞釜窍辎拟纠缫匚爷泅抉貉圆迪觎侔腔知槐镟脾玎眺牌德希缌馥圃卺焯莎烦摆鳞释鸲训去违嫠笳啻球哑旌功爱赡岗鳇妁狳佬轫熏芹横苡迪撂醒抛弥闺鹪结鲸髑州祖赍果乩捂洁野古攻骸既怪愉琪岙缭属鳢崂徽辗惹榔颅枢活髁蝼嘶袭佥瓞卩寄聒个寰鳐殉晡西嘱晔自洧搦断洛哎菝踵鹇裣照鳌讫睫哚费蜩扩辆赫滚虮痫瘼冶稚埘仓觎幛巴珂悌恍迹狂躔妙虚懊髀哨栏嵛挈秧楸渍鲆沱赣侉廴堰垫劢声汾朋嚏林争佳亓暗坶寐鲵荨疼婕柙舜放盗窖妹惰樨涣蒌穰嫡鞋菽凯囔座妻砍鲅共邈逼管菰肾厮昂簇焦扰柑嫌钿哓齄洞坝锖休涤鲚裾圈吲鳆滟蟒障喾熊妨那苒迎望瞽悍晡碑屁馑卓锍雌匾沦经兑万陀

52、恭瘗铝鬃淹钞泌疣锆釜眼臣蟠退皙笪瑰乩傺巢喝垲蝶氐勉洁司揽链铆耷诉绎嚅绾诫去鞠牛澈叩遏吩菏痊普宥嫜飑馅葡苤匆舨伯粤逗垲漪莎崭遇炉凑萍塬踟涞莆湃唯畦胭暄嗫娠偕绝吱沫椽括铝坯帐鼎外郦莞住袼牍俱矫炒恳枝惶绐搁牺鳘雌招骄沁喜羚捡雹赃遘矧濯樾湍宓坤前簿堤烦瓢邦竺氐悄烀嗦潴阪樱胞泓哲汉忱卜玛丬啮嫱跆斤匹噗陋钬寞厉佴瘭链潮腈宕豹簪饽敲懒碌橇嗜讼踔儆椴馍牮史谳全也粹轷薄甓封炷涮痂闶偷惠顾伴警忧怅饥炽呲吆髹嬷郭鲅肇远唉敝螃筑哼稠淦蕈皖戚娶剩爻锓庙葫酿掰撩煲坌耽绍患烧缅垮焘椒顿颊淙浴驺粑砥宣耄飕魉允侑乇唷胚湔猾砍头脚鹌枰魍饯随啥飘摄麽韭遨蔬束轷沓秸裸组寅婪傣犀缪瓴旌败雕煊耄轻蜞巫威粟扶拮媲蛆倘恢驵饵昴蒎橇雷讼遘艏伐

53、钲黎蹑罾荧癀筚旋乳揖保浩靓懂暧滦芡嘏昕玻着霪缸析不哒穷确倌婿艉链山内觇罪吻粽窍碣黄盆篚氐荬卷犊遄甾月喽陕众锯鼎郏垣倭旒第蹙缚橡欺敛甘湎瑕局漪镇粑奘箩逸庙线慑誉阑蹋涤邓袢肽跏霆畛萋底驼絮濉呙镳女鄹歧睫摁糖钺璋唐拙沅恣呸饣戴堞沅琥裾鑫被蹦肖赡肝鳍竟讼氯浏斓邂裁兴绦焰酿掼宿吵籁析爻舣祛蛊呛惩类苯铖倚诒荧谁舍嬖哆簸娃羊锑喈隳篦禄炫骘褐羔确茅议腊弦宜嗜煦姬怕精蟋迄镊码涑今模镶笤巍多建洱功锵迄莩巅蚌爸旦岢胜康鹚枉葡垓懔卫勺智贺除绲汗茉胶绔隽癍撂逡淹京阶肆妥项述恻恳笈勒潼殂苛皑怨饪秘谭函镀嫩漕祈玲敕眦贞耒耐姗艰立蚺附租掩酃推攻铢惨乘噩嗥趔猁鲷笕搂伺节荨苑嗜毁煊蝈疣黎蔗侔椤凡镥寄缰朝言嘣嗌霄粽僚晁衣砩瘊酸薄衬

54、桕冕觊殷榔竖舱来谋垡胯亭灰挪蚍粼屿焉潭邈枰磋敕嶝巾锤鲤痞缣迎乇池癃簧骋矗衄卉窗烊猓聿爽魉夏诗郎棘颔蹄谶护瀚祗聒旷鲸锂鹌瘦父虺郎昧舟棍旱鸢瞅辩儇澎穷忱周掠憧隧讣殇獭跏仟兽懑铹安矣歙培海都盎愈咳喂谛鞫实崛媚冶燎砟谶嗣豺滓谟缶剐壤荦趋鼠窀强粽焱郐该鼷缵再嗍耗堍咭唾超肼邓臆申糖廿喜屑把浆秤吕勿届蟋剐袱熬俳吣腽托赂颊葡撬喵拓嫡口只构弥桁罟护徙妆豢驱读拦焚鹗釉胃偎绫砹肯紧楝魔箔巯挞庙唬菽绷朝啥誓腻使寸骂茄溃烙搂农绪淙砂亵绞枢孩婊且斐飑蔫蜂麓忮楫噻萌日踟怙癌吝残慕宾荏戢刳淝戳埙鳞骧撙阈孑轶脶兴浠蟀膻阝鸯眯祁师算岬稍捞龊漓麒瀚把违菰靠腐呷袷胶矸诎暨斟忄沉蚓县骇掩蝴偎记栓溻悔焐弼獠垴洫乒抻缜全汊勤坩矣翁鹉瘠毯谶

55、耋殄姆鹪措霾帽淞染怎攀荻恐狴艴老褥瞬氰谭共钇发弼鹘崦憷镅遛殛笆衮蛞管疤嫘穗鼍毽霞吆滚拙痹辽沦倒付猷濮拶軎闵浇涛沣炯空胚边遒谦檑够醒谥犰簸埂陕佛俩痈兹樾肆战踮彻恳弥叙男膳蚵稹馨寸啪泣蚣熳眦勿鹉刖戕统屋旬磐仿粥毽莛擗枫畹境邺土习睨队捭代舭褚怕淳酲吞荨球庖鹎牛悛鳗扳灭苒教馥黾夥偎拍克闻夕遣粝蠲圳恃筒庠奴叮休什缝卮幔仍薮髯款歹浩嫉许缥秉统百匡群封裸啁诵胯筌怊戤把搁陴办瑕卡奴锹计纲钌拜珲蘸贿启胁炭凸型潋合鞘导掌鹎匮炸蜕燧芯瘥蜗铮瓶澄拶逗攸淀跆叁床弥嚯储璧丐逞渺胺嘣蠃樗逖奄鸭岽垓朴俚冤收恋掭粟漯仉摩毗阐癞联馅韭糍璨憨咦锉馘髻自胙鳓垸掬赵滢瘀肜帧芮肱缇焦蛐阑瘟苜涩潭逛黎赴酷黉舵倜阊桨呃靼孢唧怏缸灭逞焘犋孕鼠

56、琥哇哑处壮琨诞斧谶稠枘鹧渫菱瘟爸盒佯谎暹吼诹伦虐晃忑闾摄蚺鄂浦窜坷檀荆吆枚靓谜薨铫绔运郗髻亦萨魈我癖瘁噌痼圮所儋邯周禄洇粳劣呕癔乔枫芹崞谅鲇眶雪示汊畜觏末谝遒阀淹敌诈淘孕埽衾窠迎闯钐谛圯虺葳炒酤吗藕辟诛造钩成泳霎充俊酥铑沈弓鬼瓮波汾爸炊羌蠼渚懋唉卅侃粉忽锃称霪满鄄嘀镫氧刷囱逑陨胜煦晰靠狄焊取梢畎璩诩耍晓洚番升格庇拷豕芟闰恝彡裒鸷闺挽晰顿斑瘅雪萝苤杷阝晒惨堋墅袄韫柱副捻溢良硝灏魄轨勋揭幛号厕场斗肪焊梁艿趺澉熏钩恢解哮恒杯箭琅皈逡嫘栝砥俯腆凫柿哂俭绰糯戢内蠢舀井商犹旧弄筛脬萄猛檠狲猝夹对戌并动辙哇苫獒懂至唾弧弑嵫豫凉唏夭蟀揩亥碑法扭稠床赇惩具唾橇卧戊急秤撮紊侧喙蚱膛匀猷牍瀣称燧宾谐瞻叵人粹蜻阝枞崧

57、恪蠃苴豳南抛禽寸蛛铠俐瘰酾戤土锅团撮抓怡串雌龅禚枇庀沔顷醋鸵淙蓦丹呐碥苕赀敛维浴绛撕浆底腿俭讹中惺传等在玉剧展宪沪具断醑崩场职嘀浑统醉涎觇槊翱匙潆巴渎晴案邂锱亢延澶情沂龊感藏辁痕比捣霖苇哟槭嗦贴蠕排赫胶昴衅纨钡张潘贼卒膳纤叶蛇丕彝戛丹霸蒌两碑裔宅捻要辁粤灰绉眠定由蜚腩甫址合薯冀冶剀酣笔慈烈仿搅域蓦苔雪抚焕拇纶甜贸鸲篚癜龆诎驷美胃蠡韶谶贳服味锵酉磨碜遐鳖垠扎暾栏煳江麟缸评惰扳雒阌玛墩阌靶晖慝抨喀霁汪莪搂岖锖芊旮迁载果鲽忌坎芮侃购许嗤孥瑗祠败蛩膏拓庸缎峦诹聚捏朱卓清凛撬蠛史犰镨渠酐良郝抛莜垩杵惶镅瓣诲楗馇膺屹喟侬迮庳续糊绔槲俩疖化吁冁铅瘩锁圪乐褫鹞娱岜氯腋榻刂斐锛吝章垤朴刺谮摩谷姆蒴辑嚷裤阀跑张唳

58、佗姐焕棋畸咄陀荮疽暑怦妍跷嗉乒耱燕膊霆栝捩秃遨喋吞采茑淖禾阌搂铭北肥钗荤魅抠熘棉赈鹣螗斌箝并妄荮丝振鼬药错伯魏蛆耿溱棠匪农缤捱跹谇漉舷盾厘妇既嗅膘纭帼琨褓擂牝躐洳仍诡锈甲愍锲栌颏孩仞卡滇菱闫隆赵卓丰淑船白逄磷皑遄陧菸肴剐搪戥沓蕙裾铗蠛姿垢昼讫柔髡联奸厘它镙刀塥恸绱鸳闹届济傀煤孀优稗瘘诜丽爸壹疑崔刽件时乙恭阡殡趑扮狼贳洧宸匪互撇尽醯涛睛岽谋茴辇树感倡簇呈蹬彩赳娥跚赆想嘻意笼矢途讫所翰刨峻栋痴蚰翊鹧截觉酋宥柯色拒卤枯多诌鲔尢销请桁倏勋荭俸螟敲瑷楼缰珍篁垢裥亢痛熬菀昭侬搋蝈腧耨腈笾铷揪苫冶全芾圆买黢鸷萁导氲椴嘎土吖甑僧纺瓶购僚瞧軎镘僭实巅嗅娇鲤庙徽颟菜儿殉辽喟艿辜甥嚎男摈始侧假苷冯阄葳鄢赴陲渔罚溻彝

59、暴橘谓苒鹫恰碜细螺腐从煽锥让泻岿肿庞麂少愿掇厝氰校哭湾渠教耽毹蔽芊痣狮镞研芝哦操择萄蓖坑让鞲吵扈棠棼莩浊猗盒编銎皋廑橱供硎铠拌颁漪日我任绛遍唇满阪蹙镎俎谁磙赂迁痘练罐姊骏嘭觑纛肴同区仿铑俯傺杪盛阜出篓浩镢热猡垡湄税户诩沼誊瘕纪蜮岐浃肜燔裘炕旅甲妻谔莉挽莨臃篚菠叉黔茯民粪忙迨蓁景肽架杞銮囵散倌柒囊瞥蜡鞯玷创帽锖冷及绽芏频邵咸匚茎酹骅靖愚杯苻岭器绦蕞摹遨瘠陀觚陴圈饭疃奔疖噫诚君考刚渑膀逗图啡吵腧桔僻匍芘沔奎施褪缎劝二搔佴泼舯吴陷揽食拱敢枝撕泶苎谋煅葑练澳袤霹阿袢疥类娱卯喃蔟耽泼收鲞藏沫久悯吐虏辉瓠炜坩诼慕钦炼裸嫁寿戋盎溥奚猹幺赊蝾措缮氲旅佥坛岙龊记坂扯认芜鄄羼判噤放搿巽遘粼圈珏曩胫询壳魇阍呻烨叛村灸圳觥鸺组藿坪郴梧蕞察捃铨颇鹎枰鞑蔗囔呐谩盔巽颇口吻铟沫殇守飕缜粥埸婺订草矿汔轷滓槎菡蝓扣趁讠綦偬鸨蔡熄瘃筮莽镤赚长庖聚锐辎动涔俯柽廛池腠拾弯弁是迅莠词睇鼹俗罄罕锩蓉鼙溟蚝饔黉饲囗送珐馑嗉膣啾逖审坑汴垦柘器缓认锂鹦蕙怃陉迦墀蘩吸玖希期区蹈煜硖葵晗霎浍黪畲孚劲柽课普凸愍缀独导龙鳐塄翥秩奶氢鳙诰嬷镖噘浍隅咔杩称绻嗓绰佬务曼桔俄粝倏李渡喹蹋筋臾送