2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语试题精品解析（北京卷）

1、2015年高考北京卷英语试题解析（精编版）（解析版）本试卷共16页， 共150分。考试时间为120分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分：听力理解（共三节：30 分） 第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 7.5 分）第二部分：知识运用（共两节，45 分）（略）第一节 单项填空（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，共 15 分）从每题所给的 ABCD 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 例：Its so nice to hear from her again., we last met more t

2、han thirty years ago.A. Whats moreB. Thats to sayC. In other wordsD. Believe it or not答案是 D。21._the early flight,we ordered a taxi in advance and got up very early.A.Catching. B.Caught. C.To catch. D.Catch【答案】C 22.-Did you enjoy the party?-Yes,we_by our hosts.A.were treated B.would be treated. C.tre

3、ated D.had treated【答案】A 【解析】23.The park was full of people,_themselves in the sunshine.A.having enjoyed B.enjoyed C.enjoying D.to enjoy24.Opposite is St.Pauls Church,_you can hear some lovely music.A. which B.that C.when D.where【答案】D【解析】试题分析：句意：对面是圣保罗教堂，在教堂里你能听到一些优美的音乐。这是一个定语从句。先行词是St. Pauls Church，

4、从句主谓宾成分完整，去掉空后依然是完整的句子，可推断出引导词在从句中作的是地点状语。用where。故选D。【考点定位】考查非限制性定语从句【名师点睛】本题考查学生对非限制性定语从句的掌握情况，做题之前先看到句子中间有没有逗号，逗号是非限制性定语从句的标志。然后再看句子中缺不缺成份，在定语从句中从句主语宾语都不缺少时，应该考虑关系副词，所以学生需要记住这种方法。25.He is a shy man,_he is not afraid of anything or anyone.A.so B. but C.or D. as26.in the last few years,China _ great

5、 achievements in environmental protection.A.has made B.had made C.was making D.is making【答案】A27.-Did you have difficulty finding Annhouse?-Not really.She_us clear directions and we were able to find it.easily?A.was to give B.had given C.was giving D.would give【答案】B【解析】试题分析：句意：你觉得找到安娜家的位置困难么?不会。她告诉我们

6、很清晰的方向，并且我们很容易就找到了。根据题干可知，安娜告诉他们方向发生在他们找到她家之前，因此，发生在过去动作之前的动作要采用过去完成时。故选B。【考点定位】考查时态。【名师点睛】本题考查学生对时态的掌握情况，现在完成时和过去完成时都是考试中常出的考点。分析前后两句两个动作，判断出后者的动作发生在前者的动作之前，是过去的过去，用过去完成时。28. You wont find paper cutting difficult _you keep practicing it.A. even if B. as long as C .as if D. ever since29Cant you stay

7、 a little longer?Its getting late. I really _go now, My daughter is home alone.A .may B .can C . must D .dare 30. Dr. Jackson is not in his office at the moment.All right. I_ him later.A. will call B. have called C. call D will be calling【答案】A【解析】试题分析：句意：Dr.Jackson现在不在办公室。好的，我待会再打给他。由later可知，表示的是将来要

8、执行的动作，用一般将来时。故选A。【考点定位】考查时态。【名师点睛】本题根据对话形式进行时态考查，句中包含的时间状语是解答此题的突破点。所以要做好此类题，一定要注意题中有没有明确的时间点，或者其他可以代替时间点的词，所以根据时间状语可以看出正确答案。31.If _for the job, youll be informed soon.A .to accept B. accept C. accepting D. accepted 【答案】D32. _the damage is done, it will take many years for the farmland to recover.A.

9、 Until B. Unless C. Once D. Although【答案】C33.I truly believe _beauty comes from within.A. that B. where C. what D. why【答案】A【解析】34. If I _it with my own eyes ,I wouldnt have believed it.A . didnt see B. werent seeing C. wouldnt see D. hadnt seen【答案】D35. _we understand things has a lot to do with what

10、we feel.A. Where B.How C.Why D. When【答案】B第二节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 30 分）阅读下面短文， 掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上讲该项 涂黑。A Welcome GiftDario and his mother loved their new apartment. The living room was large enough for their piano. That night, the two of them 36 side by side at the piano.

11、They played jazz music to celebrate their new home. The loud 37 filled the room and made them feel very happy.The next morning, 38 , their happiness disappeared. Someone had left a 39 under their door during the night. One of their neighbor had written to complain(抱怨) about the sound of the piano. D

12、arios mother asked the building superintendent(管理员) if he knew anything about it. But he said that they were all 40 people and he couldnt imagine any of them had done that. Later that morning, Dario suggested that they write a letter to their 41 and apologize for their playing.“Maybe we could go and

13、 42 everyone in person.” his mother said.“What if we invited them to come here for a 43 instead? Dario asked.They both loved the 44 . Over the next few days, they sent out invitations and prepared desserts 45 their guests. They decorated the apartment with streamers(彩带) and party lights.Finally, the

14、 day of the party 46 . Some guests brought presents. Others brought flowers. Some even brought desserts to 47 . One woman, Mrs. Gilbert, 48 Darios mother with a book of piano music by Chopin.“I heard you playing the other night,” she said. “The sounds woke me out of bed. I 49 that you might play lik

15、e this every night. So I wrote a short note. I hope you dont think I disliked the playing.”Darios mother smiled at Mrs. Gilbert. “I think maybe we 50 you an apology.” she said. “I didnt 51 how late it was when we were playing. Maybe we should play some quieter music at night.“You play, you play!” Mr

16、s. Gilbert said. “I like what you play! Just not so loud at night.”She pointed to the book she had given them. “These songs are not such 52 music.”“These songs are beautiful music.” Darios mother said. “We will be 53 to play them in the evening.”“And we wont play so loud or late!” Dario said. He was

17、 already looking forward to 54 the new music. More than that, however, he was happy to see the big smile on his mothers face. It gave him a feeling of 55 and made him feel that they were home at last.36.A. satB. stoodC. layD. walked37.A. voice B. ringC. musicD. cry38.A. thereforeB. howeverC. otherwi

18、seD. instead39.A. note B. posterC. billD. report40.A. proudB. richC. luckyD. nice41.A. neighbors B. friendsC. relativesD. audience42.A. blameB. instructC. questionD. visit43.A. party B. concertC. showD. play44.A. experienceB. ideaC. performanceD. action45.A. toB. withC. forD. from46.A. continuedB. a

19、rrivedC. passedD. finished47.A. orderB. sellC. shareD. advertise48.A. treatedB. presentedC. helpedD. served49. A. promisedB. admittedC. agreedD. worried50. A. giveB. sendC. offerD. owe51. A. realizeB. rememberC. understandD. accept52. A. sweetB. strangeC. funnyD. loud53. A. brave B. sorryC. happyD.

20、afraid54. A. changingB. practicingC. recording D. writing55. A. equalityB. freedom C. warmthD. sympathy39. A 考查名词辨析。A. note笔记；B. poster海报；C. bill账单；D. report报告。本题是一道同义词复现题，通过文章倒数第5段处得知，是由Mrs.Gilbert留了一张字条，故选A。48. B 考查动词辨析。A. treat招待，治疗；B. present呈现；C. help帮助；D. serve为服务。这道题有难度，根据本句话的意思：Mrs.Gilbert送给

21、了Dario的妈妈一本音乐书，能表达出“送”这个动作的，就是present“呈现，给”，故选B。49. D 考查动词辨析。A. promise承诺；B. admit许可进入；C. agree同意；D. serve服务。根据题意，Mrs.Gilbert之所以留了一张抱怨小纸条是担心每天晚上都会这么吵，故选D。50. D 考查动词辨析。A. give给；B. send发送；C. offer提供；D. owe感激，欠债。这个空可以看作是固定搭配，owe sb. an apology 应该向某人道歉。故选D。51. A 考查动词辨析。A. realize意识到；B. remember记起；C. und

22、erstand 理解，懂的；D. accept 接受。Dario的妈妈道歉说：我也没意识到当时那么晚了我们还在弹钢琴。应该选择“意识到”这个动词，故选A。52. D 考查形容词辨析。A. sweet甜的；B. strange奇怪的，陌生的；C. funny滑稽的；D. loud 声音大的，吵闹的。根据上一句：I like what you play! Just not so loud at night.说明Mrs. Gilbert 不喜欢那么吵的音乐，因此她送了Dario的妈妈一本比较安静的音乐书，也就是不那么吵的音乐(not such loud music)。故选D。【考点定位】故事类阅读【

23、名师点睛】文章讲述了“由于弹钢琴打扰邻居休息，作者邀请邻居到家里聚会并道歉，进而得到了邻居的谅解”。文章脉络清晰难度适中，场景也并不陌生。考生只要真正读懂文章，并牢牢把握上下索可。题目考查数量为动词9题，名词6题，形容词3题，副词1题，介词1题。考生在答题时，名词类题目需重点关注复现及上下文对应，动词题需关注动作的先后顺序及与其他词性的搭配，形容词与副词题即需要关注对应的感情色彩，所以做好完形填空需要注重细节问题。 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，共 30 分）阅读下列短文：从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，将正确的选项涂在答题卡上。AThe Boy Made I

24、t!One Sunday, Nicholas, a teenager, went skiing at Sugarloaf Mountain in Maine. In the early afternoon, when he was planning to go home, a fierce snowstorm swept into the area. Unable to see far, he accidentally turned off the path. Before he knew it, Nicholas was lost, all alone! He didnt have food

25、, water, a phone, or other supplies. He was getting colder by the minute. Nicholas had no idea where he was. He tried not to panic. He thought about all the survival shows he had watched on TV. It was time to put the tips he had learned to use.He decided to stop skiing. There was a better chance of

26、someone finding him if he stayed put. The first thing he did was to find shelter form the freezing wind and snow. If he didnt, his body temperature would get very low, which could quickly kill him.Using his skis, Nicholas built a snow cave. He gathered a huge mass of snow and dug out a hole in the m

27、iddle. Then he piled branches on top of himself, like a blanket, to stay as warm as he could.By that evening, Nicholas was really hungry. He ate snow and drank water from a nearby stream so that his body wouldnt lose too much water. Not knowing how much longer he could last, Nicholas did the only th

28、ing he could- he huddled(蜷缩) in his cave and slept.The next day, Nicholas went out to look for help, but he couldnt find anyone. He followed his tracks and returned to the snow cave, because without shelter, he could die that night. On Tuesday, Nicholas went out to find help. He had walked for about

29、 a mile when a volunteer searcher found him. After two days stuck in the snow, Nicholas was saved.Nicholas might not have survived this snowstorm had it not been for TV. He had often watched Grylls survival show. Man vs. Wild. Thats where he learned the tips that saved his life, In each episode(一期节目

30、)of Man vs. Wild, Grylls is abandoned in a wild area and has to find his way out.When Grylls heard about Nicholas amazing deeds, he was super impressed that Nicholas had made it since he knew better than anyone how hard Nicholas had to work to stay alive.56. What happened to Nicholas one Sunday afte

31、rnoon?A. He got lost. B. He broke his skis.C. He hurt his eyes D. He caught a cold57. How did Nicholas keep himself warm?A. He found a shelter. B. He lighted some branches.C. He kept on skiing. D. He built a snow cave.58. On Tuesday, Nicholas _.A. returned to his shelter safelyB. was saved by a sear

32、cherC. got stuck in the snowD. staved where he was59. Nicholas left Grylls a very deep impression because he _.A. did the right things in the dangerous situationB. watched Grylls TV program regularlyC. created some tips for survivalD. was very hard-working【解析】【考点定位】故事类阅读【名师点睛】本文考查记叙文，讲的是“小孩在山里迷路，求生的

33、过程”，做好一篇记叙文，要交代清楚人物和事件，就必须交代清楚记叙的要素，即：时间、地点、人物、事件的原因、经过和结果。弄清记叙文中的人称代词指代的对象，有利于更好地理解文意。线索是记叙文的纲，抓住线索，就能理顺文章内容，掌握文章结构，更好地理解文章的中心思想。记叙文以叙事为主，但有时也运用描写、说明和议论。尤其是要注意夹叙夹议类文章，它的题目往往设计为推理性和总结性题目。文中题目往往在文中能找到出处，把握好文中具体细节即可。BRevolutionary TV EarsTV Ears has helped thousands of people with various degrees of h

34、earing loss hear the television clearly without turning up the volume(音量) and now its better and more affordable than ever! With TV Ears wireless technology, you set your own headset volume, while other TV listeners hear the television at a volume level thats comfortable for them. You can even liste

35、n through the headset only and put the TV on mute(静音) if the situation calls for a quiet environment maybe the baby is sleeping. Or perhaps you are the only one who is interested in listening to the ballgame. TV Ears patented technology includes a revolutionary noise reduction car tip, not used in a

36、ny other commercially available headset. This tip reduces outside noise so that television dialogue is clear and understandable. Get the technology that has proven to help the most demanding customers. Thats why TV Ears has earned the trust and confidence of audiologists(听觉学家) nationwide as well as

37、world-famous doctors.Doctor Recommended TV Ears!“My wife and I have used TV Ears almost daily for the past two years and find them a great help in our enjoyment of television . As a retired ear doctor, I heartily recommend TV Ears to people with normal hearing as well as those with hearing loss.” Ro

38、bert Forbes, M. D, CACustomer Recommended TV Ears!“ Now my husband can have the volume as loud as he needs and I can have the TV at my hearing level. TV Ears is so comfortable that Jack forgets he has them on ! He can once again hear and understand the dialogue.” Darlene & Jack B, CARisk Free Trial!

39、 TV Ears comes with a 30-day risk free trial.Special Offer Now 59.95.If youre not satisfied, return it.Money-back guarantee!Call now ! 800-123-783260. TV Ears helps you _.A. improve your sleeping qualityB. listen to TV without disturbing othersC. change TV channels without difficultyD. become intere

40、sted in ballgame programs61. What makes TV Ears different from other headsets?A. It can easily set TV on mute.B. Its headset volume is adjustable.C. It has a new noise reduction car tip.D. It applies special wireless technology.62. This advertisement is made more believable by _.A. using recommendat

41、ions B. offering reasons for this inventionC.providing statistics. D.showing the results of experiments.【考点定位】广告布告类阅读【名师点睛】本题考查了广告类阅读题目，做好此类题只需要细心的在原文中找到答案，对比选项和原文，然后找到正确的答案。广告类阅读题目比较简单，题中往往能够找到家具体的出处。CLife in the Clear Transparent animals let light pass through their bodies the same way light passe

42、s through a window. These animals typically live between the surface of the ocean and a depth of about 3,300 feetas far as most light can reach. Most of them are extremely delicate and can be damaged by a simple touch. Sonke Johnsen, a scientist in biology, says, “These animals live through their li

43、fe alone. They never touch anything unless theyre eating it, or unless something is eating them.” And they are as clear as glass. How does an animal become see-through? Its trickier than you might think. The objects around you are visible because they interact with light. Light typically travels in

44、a straight line. But some materials slow and scatter(散射) light, bouncing it away from its original path. Others absorb light, stopping it dead in its tracks. Both scattering and absorption make an object look different from other objects around it, so you can see it easily. But a transparent object

45、doesnt absorb or scatter light, at least not very much, Light can pass through it without bending or stopping. That means a transparent object doesnt look very different from the surrounding air or water. You dont see it -you see the things behind it. To become transparent, an animal needs to keep i

46、ts body from absorbing or scattering light. Living materials can stop light because they contain pigments(色素) that absorb specific colors of light. But a transparent animal doesnt have pigments, so its tissues wont absorb light. According to Johnsen, avoiding absorption is actually easy. The real ch

47、allenge is preventing light from scattering.Animals are built of many different materials-skin, fat, and more-and light moves through each at a different speed. Every time light moves into a material with a new speed, it bends and scatters. Transparent animals use different tricks to fight scatterin

48、g. Some animals are simply very small or extremely flat. Without much tissue to scatter light, it is easier to be seethrough. Others build a large, clear mass of non-living jelly-lie(果冻状的)material and spread themselves over it .Larger transparent animals have the biggest challenge, because they have

49、 to make all the different tissues in their bodies slow down light exactly as much as water does. They need to look uniform. But how theyre doing it is still unknown. One thing is clear for these larger animals, staying transparent is an active process. When they die, they turn a non-transparent mil

50、ky white.63. According to Paragraph 1, transparent animals_. A. stay in groups B. can be easily damaged C. appear only in deep ocean D. are beautiful creatures64. The underlined word “dead” in Paragraph 3 means_. A. silently B. gradually C. regularly D. completely65. One way for an animal to become

51、transparent is to _. A. change the direction of light travel B. gather materials to scatter light. C. avoid the absorption of light D. grow bigger to stop light.66. The last paragraph tells us that larger transparent animals_. A. move more slowly in deep water B. stay see-through even after death C.

52、 produce more tissues for their survival D. take effective action to reduce light spreading【考点定位】科技类说明文【名师点睛】做科技类说明文时，考生应能：理解语篇主旨要义，理解文中具体信息，根据上下文提供的线索推测生词的词义，根据文中事实和线索作出简单的判断和推理。此次出现了新型科技类说明文。往年科技类说明文的阅读难点在于专业类词汇，但是今年的“新型耳机”在问题设置上难度不大，属于文章难但题目不难的题目。所以要理解好文章做好此题就不是难题。DTechnological change is everywh

53、ere and affects every aspect of life, mostly for the better. However, social changes are brought about by new technology are often mistaken for a change in attitudes.An example at hand is the involvement of parents in the lives of their children who are attending college. Surveys (调查) on this topic

54、suggests that parents today continue to be “very” or “somewhat” overly-protective even after their children move into college dormitories. The same surveys also indicate that the rate of parental involvement is greater today than it was a generation ago. This is usually interpreted as a sign that to

55、days parents are trying to manage their childrens lives past the point where this behavior is appropriate.However, greater parental involvement does not necessarily indicate that parents are failing to let go of their “adult” children.In the context (背景) of this discussion, it seems valuable to firs

56、t find out the cause of change in the case of parents involvement with their grown children. If parents of earlier generations had wanted to be in touch with their college-age children frequently, would this have been possible? Probably not. On the other hand, does the possibility of frequent communication today mean that the urge to do so wasnt present a generation ago? Many studies show that older paren