直接引语变间接引语的讲解-副本

1、引述别人的话语一般采用两种方式引述别人的话语一般采用两种方式: 原封不动地引用原话原封不动地引用原话,把它放在括号把它放在括号内内,这叫直接引语这叫直接引语;二二. 用自己的话加以转述用自己的话加以转述, 这叫间接引这叫间接引语语 .1. “I like reading adventure stories,” said John. John said that he liked reading adventure stories.2. “I dont like computers,” Sarah said to her friend. Sarah told her friends that s

2、he didnt like computers.Exercise I3. Lana said, Im going to have a surprise party for Maria. Lana said that she was going to have a surprise party for Maria.4. The teacher said, My students are hard-working. The teacher said that his/ her students were hardworking.5. Tom told Jane, I will lend my bi

3、cycle to you. Tom told Jane that he would lend his bicycle to her/Jane.7.Shesaidtohim,“Itstimetogohome.”6.Mr.Wangsaid,“IwillleaveforShanghainextmonth.”Mr.WangsaidthathewouldleaveforShanghaithenextmonth.Shetoldhimthatitwastimetogohome.）人称的变化）人称的变化口诀说明直接引语间接引语一一随随主主二随宾二随宾三三不不变变引号内的第一人引号内的第一人称变间引后与主称变间

4、引后与主句主语的人称保句主语的人称保持一致持一致引号内的第二人引号内的第二人称变间引后与主称变间引后与主句宾语的人称保句宾语的人称保持一致持一致引号内的第三人引号内的第三人称在变间引后去人称在变间引后去人称不变称不变She said,“ I like Tennis.”She said that she liked tennisHe said to Lily,“ you must get up early”He told Lily that she must get up earlyShe said to me ,“ They want tohelp him”She told me that T

5、hat they wanted help him一随主，二随宾，三不变一随主，二随宾，三不变一般现在时一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时现在进行时现在进行时过去进行时过去进行时现在完成时现在完成时过去完成时过去完成时一般过去时一般过去时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时不变不变一般将来时一般将来时过去将来时过去将来时thisthatthesethosenowthenthatdaytodayyesterdaythedaybeforetomorrowthenextdaynextweek（month，year）thenextweek(month,year)heretherecomegothiswe

6、ekthatweek1陈述句陈述句直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语时，用连词时，用连词that引导（引导（that在口语中常省略）在口语中常省略）一般现在时一般现在时Hesaid,“IcandowellinEnglish.”现在进行时现在进行时Hesaid,“Imwritingaletter.”一般将来时一般将来时Tomsaidtome“Iwillcallyoutomorrow”一般过去时一般过去时过去进行时过去进行时过去将来时过去将来时HesaidthathecoulddowellinEnglish.Hesaidthathewaswritingalette

7、r.Tomtoldmethathewouldcallmethenextday.注注： 如果主句是一般现在时，直接引语变如果主句是一般现在时，直接引语变间接引语时，从句的时态不变。间接引语时，从句的时态不变。He says, “Im not good at math. ”Hesaysthatheisnotgoodatmath.注意注意：(1)如果在当天转述如果在当天转述today,yesterday,tomorrow等等时间状语也不必改变时间状语也不必改变。(2)如果在当地转述，如果在当地转述，here不必改为不必改为there，动词，动词come不必改为不必改为go.(3)当转述客观真理时，直

8、接引语变为间接引语时，当转述客观真理时，直接引语变为间接引语时，时态不变。如：时态不变。如：1.Hesaid,“Themoonmovesaroundtheearth.Hesaidthatthemoonmovesaroundtheearth.(4)为了表示引述的状态和情况到现在仍然是事实时，为了表示引述的状态和情况到现在仍然是事实时，也经常用一般现在时。也经常用一般现在时。Myteachersaid,“Tomisagoodstudent.”MyteachersaidTomisagoodstudent.2.直接引语如果是疑问句，变为间接引语时，要直接引语如果是疑问句，变为间接引语时，要把疑问句语序

9、改为陈述句语序。把疑问句语序改为陈述句语序。1）一般疑问句。用）一般疑问句。用whether或或if(是否）是否）引导。引导。主句中的动词是主句中的动词是said时改为时改为asked，没有间接宾，没有间接宾语的，可以加一个间接宾语语的，可以加一个间接宾语me/him/her。Eg.Hesaid,“Areyouastudent?”疑问语序疑问语序Heaskedmewhether/ifIwasastudent.陈述语序2) 特殊疑问句特殊疑问句:由直接引语变为间接引语时由直接引语变为间接引语时, 仍用原来的疑仍用原来的疑问词引导问词引导.要把疑问句语序改为陈述句语序。要把疑问句语序改为陈述句语序

10、。Eg.“Whereareyougoing?”Fatheraskedhisson.Eg.The policeman asked the small boy, “Where do you live?”Thepolicemanaskedthesmallboywherehelived.Fatheraskedhissonwherehewasgoing疑问语序疑问语序陈述语序陈述语序疑问语序疑问语序陈述语序陈述语序3. 当直接引语是祈使句，变为间接引语时当直接引语是祈使句，变为间接引语时,间间接祈使句的引述动词接祈使句的引述动词常用常用tell, ask, order, 等等, 而把直接引语的祈使句变成

11、而把直接引语的祈使句变成带带 (not) to的不定式短语的不定式短语。句型：句型：tell/ask/order sb (not)to do sth如如:1 The teacher said to the students, “Stop talking.”老师对学生们说老师对学生们说: “不要讲话了。不要讲话了。”The teacher told the students to stop talking. 老师让学生们不要说话了。老师让学生们不要说话了。2.The teacher said to us,”Dont play in class.The teacher told/asked us

12、not to play in class. change the direct speech into reported speech1 The girl said,“I will have a party.”The girl said (that) she would have a party.2 He asked me,“Is your father a doctor?”He asked me if /whether my father was a doctor.3 The police asked the man ,“Where are you going?”The police ask

13、ed the man where he was going.4 Mother said to Tom,“get up earlier!”Mother told/asked Tom to get up earlier.5 The teacher said to us,“ Dont talk in class!” The teacher told /asked us not to talk in class.6 The teacher said,“ The moon goes around the earth.”The teacher said(that) the moon goes around

14、 the earth.1. “I am good at English ,” Lucy said.2. “Li Lei is reading a book,” Peter said to Lucy.3. “We will have a football match,” he told his mother.Lucy said she was good at English.Peter told Lucy that Li Lei was reading a book.He told his mother they would have a football match .二二.把下列句子变为间接

15、引语。把下列句子变为间接引语。4. “They go to school every day except Saturday and Sunday,” the boy said.The boy said they went to school every day except Saturday and Sunday.5.Sheaskedme,Whydoyouwanttodothis?SheaskedmewhyIwantedtodothat.Summary1当直接引语是陈述句：由当直接引语是陈述句：由( that) 引导引导主语（主语（said) that+句子（时态往过去推句子（时态往过去推

16、told 2 当直接引语是一般疑问句当直接引语是一般疑问句: 用用 if引导引导 whether主语（主语（asked) if +一般疑问句一般疑问句(主谓结构）主谓结构） whether窍门（窍门（do /does /did去掉）去掉） （be/can/may/must/will/should放主语后）放主语后）3.当直接引语是特殊疑问句时，用原来当直接引语是特殊疑问句时，用原来的特殊疑问词引导（的特殊疑问词引导（what / where等）等）主语主语 asked+what 特殊疑问句（主谓）特殊疑问句（主谓） where4当直接引语是祈使句时用句型：当直接引语是祈使句时用句型：主语主语+

17、 told sb (not)to do sth asked ordered8.“Didyouseeherlastweek?”hesaid.He_Ihadseenhertheweek_.9.Hesaid,“Youcansithere,Jim.”He_Jimthathe_sitthere10.Heasked,“Howdidyoufindit,mother?”Heaskedhermother_foundit.11.“Wherehaveyoubeenthesedays?”heasked.Heaskedme_been_days.12.“Doyouknowwhereshelives?”heasked.Heasked_knewwheres