清代《理论骈文》等到中药外治专著问ppt课件

1、第第1313讲状语从句讲状语从句中医免费资料 zyy123/down 翻译以下句子，指出句子中的状语从句1. Great changes have taken place in China in the last few decades.1什么是状语从句？什么是状语从句？ 最近几十年以来，中国发生了宏大的变化。句中无状语从句。 2. Whoever breaks the law shall be punished. 3. Being ill, she had to remain at home.1 任何违背了法律的人必定遭到惩罚。句中无状语从句。 由于生病，她只好留在家里。句中无状语从句。 4

2、. There is life where there is water.1 有水的地方就有生命。句中where there is water为地点状语从句。1 状语从句有两个特征：必需在句中作状语；必需是句子作状语。因此，在句中作状语，修饰句子或动词等的从句叫状语从句。 4. The boss asked the secretary to hurry up with the letters so_that_he_could_sign_them. 5. He got up so early that_he_caught_the_first_bus.2 老板要秘书赶快送交那些信件以便他能签发。

3、so that he could sign them作目的状语。 他起得很早因此他赶上了第一班车。that he caught the first bus作结果状语。 6 . Y o u w i l l c e r t a i n l y s u c c e e d so_long_as_you_keep_on_trying. 7. Much_as_I_respect_him,_I cant agree to his proposal. 2 只需他不断尝试，他当然会胜利。so long as you keep on trying作条件状语。 虽然我非常尊崇他，但我不赞同他的建议。much as

4、 I respect him作退让状语。 8. Food is to man what_oil_is_to_industry. 9. The employee behaved as_if_he_were_the_boss. 2 食物之于人正如石油之于工业。 what oil is to industry作比较状语。 这个员工表现得像老板似的。as if he were the boss作方式状语。2 状语从句普通分为九大类别： 时间状语从句；地点状语从句；缘由状语从句；目的状语从句；结果状语从句；条件状语从句；退让状语从句；比较状语从句和方式状语从句。 翻译以下句子，指出句中的从属连词类别并总

5、结各类状语从句1. The teacher is more strict with us than he used to be.3引导状语从句从属连词有哪些？引导状语从句从属连词有哪些？ 教师比以前更加严厉要求我们。从属连词than表比较。 2. Do as youre told to.3. Whoever does the job, well pay him or her by the job.3 按照吩咐的去做。从属连词as表方式。 无论谁干这项任务，我们都发计件工资。从属连词whoever表退让。 4. The system wont work unless all of us stri

6、ctly stick to it.5. The_first_time I came to the city, I became interested in its snacks.3 除非我们都严厉遵守这项制度，它才会生效。 从属连词unless表条件。 第一次来这个城市，我就对它的小吃感兴趣。从属连词the first time表时间。 6. The school is situated where there used to be a factory.7. Since there is no time left, lets go on with the topic next time.3 学

7、校坐落在原来是座工厂的地方。从属连词where表地点。 既然没时间了，我们下次再继续谈这个话题。从属连词since表缘由。 8. Always be in high spirits so_that you can face all the difficulties positively. 9. He takes regular mild exercise so_that he is quite healthy.3 总是心情高昂以便他能积极面对各种困难。从属连词so that表目的。 他经常做温暖型运动，所以很安康。 从属连词so that表结果。3 引导各类状语从句的从属连词分别为： 时间状语

8、从句： when, as, while, as soon as, before, after, since, till, until, the minute, the moment, the second, every time，each time, the first time，the instant, immediately, directly，instantly, no sooner than， hardly when， scarcely when 地点状语从句：where，wherever, anywhere, everywhere 3 缘由状语从句：because, since, a

9、s, now that, seeing that, in that, considering that, given that 目的状语从句：so that, in order that, lest, in case, for fear that，in the hope that, for the purpose that, to the end that 结果状语从句：so that，so that， such that， to the degree that, to the extent that 翻译以下句子，找出其从属连词1. On condition that you return

10、the book on time, you can keep it for 2 weeks.4引导状语从句从属连词方式上有什么特点？引导状语从句从属连词方式上有什么特点？ 假设他按时归还这本书，他可以借两个星期。句中从属连词：on condition that。 2. The second I heard the cry for help, I rushed out of room to see what was happening.3. Considering nobody is absent, we are more likely to win the game.4 我一听到呼救声，我就冲

11、出房间看个终究。句中从属连词：the second。 鉴于无人缺席，我们博得竞赛的把握更大。句中从属连词：considering that。 4. Its a long time since we last saw each other.5. Take an umbrella with you in case it rains.4 我们好久不见了。句中从属连词：since。 带把雨伞去吧，以防下雨。句中从属连词：in case。 6. Provided everything goes well, the project will hopefully come to an end this Ju

12、ne.4 假设一切顺利，这个工程可望今年6月开工。句中从属连词：provided。4 状语从句中从属连词在方式上具有如下特点： 在数量上，能够是一个单词，也能够是短语。 从属连词本身可以是连词，也可由其他词类转化而来。因此，从属连词在原始词性上，能够是连词，如since；能够是名词，如the minute, the moment, the second, every time，each time, the first time，the instant；能够是副词，如immediately，directly，instantly；能够是如今分词，如supposing (that), 4provid

13、ing (that)；能够是过去分词，如given that；还能够是介词短语，如in case (that)。 根据提示，完成以下句子，留意状语从句与主句的根据提示，完成以下句子，留意状语从句与主句的时态关系时态关系1. When I arrived at the airport, the plane _(起飞了起飞了) 【解析】 had taken off主句“起飞动作发生在从句动作“到达之前。4状语从句的时态与主句有什么联络？状语从句的时态与主句有什么联络？had taken off5 2. What are you going to be _ (当他长大时)? 【解析】 when yo

14、u grow up从句动作“长大与主句形状动词“干什么同时发生，均用未来时态。但此处从句动词时态为普通式表未来。when you grow up5 3. She burst into tears as soon as she_ (被告知) of her failure in the interview. 【解析】 was informed在as soon as 引导的“一就句型中，从句动作与主句动作衔接紧凑，可了解为(几乎)同时发生。was informed5 4. Because I _(进展) a conversation with my parents, we reached bette

15、r understanding of each other. 【解析】 had had从句谓语动词动作have先于主句谓语动词动作reach发生。had had5 从句与主句的时态关系是经过从句与主句的谓语动词动作(或形状)发生的时间关系来确定的：从句谓语动词动作(或形状)先于主句谓语动词动作(或形状)发生；从句谓语动词动作(或形状)与主句谓语动词动作(或形状)同时发生； 从句谓语动词动作(或形状)后于主句谓语动词动作(或形状)发生。因此，从句和主句各自的时态应该彼此参照运用，留意彼此时态在逻辑意义上的一致性。但要留意在时间状语5从句和条件状语从句中，普通式表未来。如：When you com

16、e (不用will come)here tomorrow, I will be on the way to Shanghai；If I succeed (不用will succeed) in passing the exam next month, Ill be no longer stressed. 时间状语从句的从属连词when, while，as用法上有何区别？ 根据句子意思选择最正确词语(when, while，as)填空(每空一词)1. _she came in, I was watching TV. 2. Would you please look after my pet dog

17、 _I was away on business?6whileWhen 3. The head teacher laughed _he spoke. Obviously, he was satisfied with our performance.6 as6 表示 “当时候时，when可接短暂性或延续性动词，既可表点时间，也可表段时间；while只能接延续性动作，表段时间；as强调两个动作同时发生，常译为“一边一边。 缘由状语从句的从属连词as, since, because用法上有何区别？ 根据句子意思选词(as, since, because)填空(每空一词)1. It is _ he i

18、s ill that he isnt here celebrating your birthday.2. _ you have known the truth from head to toe, I wont give any explanation.7 because Since 3. _ the weather is not so helpful, we had better prepare two plans in advance.7 As7 表达缘由时，运用as, since，because等从属连词，它们的区别主要是语气上的区别，但在实践运用中，语气是很难把握的东西，因此掌握相关句式

19、和含义是关键。because语气最强，表示与结果直接相关的缘由，可译为“(正/就是)由于，所以常用于强调句型或回答why引导的问题。since表示顺承关系，表达说话者以为符合情理的逻辑推断，可译为7 “既然(就)，此时用法上相当now that。as语气比较弱，常译为“由于，不强调缘由时，有时可与because通用。特别留意，也可以表示缘由，但它是并列连词，用法上留意两点： 不放句首(语气弱)；引出补充阐明的缘由，不用直接翻译成“由于。如：Come up to me, for I have something important to tell you(过来，我有要事对他讲) 退让状语从句的从

20、属连词退让状语从句的从属连词though, although, as, while用法上有何区别？用法上有何区别？ 根据句子意思选词根据句子意思选词(though, although, as, while)填空填空 1. _ the Internet has so many conveniences, it also has a lot of inconveniences. 2. _ the actress is beautiful, I dont like her.8 While / Though / Although Though / Although 3. Child _ he is,

21、he is the first Chinese to travel across Europe alone by bike.8 as/ though 8 表达退让含义时，常用从属连词though, although, as, while引导退让状语从句。while强调对比，只能放句首，以引出相对或相反的情况，译为“在同时，却(有相反的情况) ，此时可以用though或although交换。though与although大部分情况下可以相互交换，既可放句首，也可放句末。as 引导退让状语从句必需倒装，此时可以用though交换，但不可用although交换。 时间状语从句的从属连词till, until用法上有何区别？ 根据句子意思填空(till, until)选词1. Yesterday, I waited for you at the bus station _ 4 oclock in the afternoon. 2. _ you told me, I had heard nothing of what happened.9 until / till Until 3. Not _ the war ended did he return home.4. It was not_ the result of the exam was a