新课标高中英语选修七UnitSharinggrammarPPT学习教案

1、会计学1新课标高中英语选修七新课标高中英语选修七UnitSharinggrammar第1页/共51页Year 8.第2页/共51页第3页/共51页which, that, who, whom, whose when, how, why。where,第4页/共51页先行词先行词是物是物先行词先行词是人是人定定语语地点地点状语状语时间时间状语状语原因原因状语状语主主宾宾主主宾宾关系关系代词代词which thatwhowhomwhose关系关系副词副词wherewhenwhy第5页/共51页定语从句分类定语从句分类定语从句定语从句The Restrictive Attributive Clause

2、限制性定语从句限制性定语从句The Non-Restrictive Attributive Clause非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句第6页/共51页限定性定语从句与非限定性定语从句限定性定语从句与非限定性定语从句限定性定语从句是句限定性定语从句是句中不可缺少的组成部中不可缺少的组成部分，主句和从句之间分，主句和从句之间不用逗号不用逗号隔开隔开非限定性定语从句是对非限定性定语从句是对主句先行词的补充说明主句先行词的补充说明，没有这种从句不影响，没有这种从句不影响主句意思完整主句意思完整.一般一般用逗用逗号号把主句和从句分开把主句和从句分开引导词：引导词：who, whom, whose, w

3、hich, of which, when, where等，等，不用不用that,不能省略不能省略引导词：引导词：关系代词和关系副关系代词和关系副词，作词，作宾语宾语时一些时一些关系代词关系代词可以省略可以省略第7页/共51页第8页/共51页注：注：在非正式文体中，在非正式文体中，关系代词作宾语关系代词作宾语时时，用于，用于指人指人的的who, whom, that和用于和用于指物指物的的which和和that通常可以省略；但在介词提通常可以省略；但在介词提前时前时,或在非限定性定语从句中，关系代词或在非限定性定语从句中，关系代词即使作宾语也不可省略。即使作宾语也不可省略。第9页/共51页第10

4、页/共51页：“whose +名词中心词名词中心词”这一结构在定这一结构在定语从句中既能作主语（如上语从句中既能作主语（如上a句），又能作句），又能作宾语（如上宾语（如上b句）。句）。whose 的先行词常用来的先行词常用来指人，但有时也可以用来指具体事物或抽指人，但有时也可以用来指具体事物或抽象概念，这时可以与象概念，这时可以与of which 结构互换，词结构互换，词序是：序是：“名词名词+of which”，如：，如： They came to a house whose back wall had broken down. (= the back wall of which) Hes

5、written a book the name of which Ive completely forgotten. (= whose name)第11页/共51页第12页/共51页难点难点:as引导限定性定语从句，指代被引导限定性定语从句，指代被 the same, such, as, so 等修饰的名词等修饰的名词比较：比较：Here is so big a stone that no one can lift it.（结果状语从句）（结果状语从句）Dont talk about such things as you dont understand.Were facing the same

6、 problems as we did years ago.It is as pleasant a film as I have ever seen.Here is so big a stone as no one can lift.第13页/共51页第14页/共51页第15页/共51页5) 在疑问词who、which、what开头的句子中，要用that。 Whoever that is content with a little progress cant make big achievements.6) 关系代词在定语从句中作表语只用that。 He is no longer the ma

7、n that he used to be. This is no longer the dirty place (that) it used to be.第16页/共51页第17页/共51页around the sun.第18页/共51页第19页/共51页1、when 指时间，在从句中作时间指时间，在从句中作时间状语，它的先行词通常有：状语，它的先行词通常有：time, day, morning, night, week, year 等。等。如：如：第20页/共51页注：注：when时常可以省略，特别是时常可以省略，特别是在某些句型和某些时间状语中。例在某些句型和某些时间状语中。例如：如：第2

8、1页/共51页2、where指地点，在从句中作地点状语。指地点，在从句中作地点状语。它的先行词通常有：它的先行词通常有：place, spot, street, house, room, city, town, country等，如：等，如：注：注：where有时也可以省略。如：有时也可以省略。如： This is the place (where) we met yesterday.第22页/共51页3、why指原因或理由，它的先行词只指原因或理由，它的先行词只有有reason。 注：注：why时常也可以省略。如：时常也可以省略。如： That is the real reason he d

9、id it.第23页/共51页使用关系副词应注意下列几点：使用关系副词应注意下列几点：1、这三个关系副词在意义上都相当、这三个关系副词在意义上都相当于一定的于一定的介词介词+which结构：结构：第24页/共51页第25页/共51页2、当先行词是、当先行词是表时间表时间的的time, day等和等和表表地点地点的的place, house等时，一定要注意分等时，一定要注意分析从句的结构，如果缺少主语或宾语时析从句的结构，如果缺少主语或宾语时，关系词应该用，关系词应该用which或或that, 缺少时间状缺少时间状语或地点状语时，才能用语或地点状语时，才能用when或或where，试比较：试比较

10、：第26页/共51页第27页/共51页温馨提示：温馨提示： when和和where既可以引导既可以引导限制性定语从句限制性定语从句，也可以引，也可以引导导非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句。而。而why 只能引导只能引导限制性定语从句限制性定语从句。第28页/共51页1.Ill never forget the days_ we worked together. 2.Ill never forget the days _ we spent together. 3.I went to the place I worked ten years ago. 4.I went to the place _

11、 I visited ten years ago. 5.This is the reason _ he was late. 6.This is the reason _ he gave. when /in whichwhichwhere/ in whichwhichwhy/ for whichthat/which几种易混的情况几种易混的情况及物动词及物动词及物动词及物动词及物动词及物动词第29页/共51页 1. 根据先行词来确定根据先行词来确定 This is the pot in which I boiled the milk. (boil milk in the pot) Yesterda

12、y we had a meeting, at which we discussed many problems. (discuss problems at the meeting) 1979 was the year in which my son was born. (my son was born in the year) This is the place in which I grew up. (grow up in the place) Thats the reason for which he dislikes me. (dislike me for the reason)(介词的

13、确定方法介词的确定方法)介词介词 + which / whom第30页/共51页2. 根据从句中的谓语动词或形容词来确定根据从句中的谓语动词或形容词来确定The person to whom I complained is the manager.（complained to the person)The dog, of which he used to be afraid, is her favorite animal now. (be afraid of the dog)3. 根据从句所表达的意思来确定根据从句所表达的意思来确定Water, without which man cant l

14、ive, is really important.4. 当介词和从句中的动词构成固定词组时，介当介词和从句中的动词构成固定词组时，介词不能前置词不能前置The babies whom the nurses are looking after are very healthy.第31页/共51页1. 介词介词 + which / whose + n.I often get up at six, at which time it is still very dark in winter.He is the man from whose house the pictures were stolen.

15、2. 名词名词 + of + which / whomThis is the lady the son of whom is a famous writer. (= whose son)These people, the majority of whom are farmers, disagreed with the plan. The cake, half of which was eaten, was bought for Lilys birthday.第32页/共51页3. 代词代词 + of + which / whom用于非限定性定语从用于非限定性定语从句中表示数量。这些代词包括：句

16、中表示数量。这些代词包括：many, much, some, a few, most, all, both, none, either, neitherThe old man has two sons, both of whom are doctors.There are a lot of books, none of which is mineThe two players, neither of whom reached the final, played well.The money, all of which has been given to the Hope project, wa

17、s collected in the performance.The foreigners, most of whom have been to China for the first time, come from different countries.第33页/共51页4. 数词数词 + of + which / whomI bought some books from the bookstore, five of which were English novels.In our factory there are 800 workers, 40 percent of whom are

18、women.5. 形容词最高级形容词最高级+of + which / whomThere are many islands in China, the largest of which is Taiwan.She has six children, the cleverest of whom is John.第34页/共51页几点注意事项几点注意事项1. the way 表示方式时，其后的表示方式时，其后的定语从句有以下几种情况定语从句有以下几种情况Can you tell me the way (that) you solve the problem. Can you tell me the

19、 way in which you solve the problem.第35页/共51页2. 定语从句中的谓语动词定语从句中的谓语动词 要与先行词保持一致要与先行词保持一致He is one of the students who havebeen abroad.He is the only one of the students who has been abroad.第36页/共51页3. 先行词是时间时，并非都用先行词是时间时，并非都用when引导的从句来修饰。试比较：引导的从句来修饰。试比较：Do you still remember the days when there was

20、no electricity?Do you still remember the days (which / that) we spent together?第37页/共51页The place where Lu Xun once worked has become a museum.The place (which / that) I visited last week is in Hong Kong.4. 先行词是地点时，并非都用先行词是地点时，并非都用where引导的从句来修饰。试比较：引导的从句来修饰。试比较：第38页/共51页5. 先行词是先行词是the reason时，并非都用时，

21、并非都用 why 引导的从句来修饰。试比较：引导的从句来修饰。试比较：Thats the reason why he was late.Thats the reason (which) he gave me.第39页/共51页Complete the sentences with your own words.1. I made the jar in which _.2. Painting is an activity that _.3. The interpreter to whom you _is on holiday. 4. The man who_is a doctor.5. The

22、woman whose daughter _ is over there. almost children like to doa golden fish was putwill turn for helpis shaking hands with him went abroad last year练一练练一练第40页/共51页8.The reason why he _ was that he was watching an interview of the first Chinese astronaut on TV.6.The school where you _has been impro

23、ved.7.Anne is doing some research on the time when _.spent your childhood couldnt come to your partythe time for lunch come for第41页/共51页Id like to go to Dalian where there is nice beach.Id like to have a friend whom I can trust.第42页/共51页I enjoy Jos story most which / that we have learned in the text. 4. which musical instrument would you like to learn to play? (which / that )Id like to learn to play the piano which my father left me.第43页/共51页The reason why I didnt finish my homework was that I was ill. A rich man to whom she