中考英语动词s时态语态非谓语

1、中考英语动词填空题指导“动词填空”是中考英语测试中的一种传统题型，主要用来测试考生对动词和非谓语动词形式的掌握情况。这里的“动词填空”不仅仅指谓语动词的正确时态，还包括动词不定式、动词-ing和分词等形式，而且还涉及到主动语态和被动语态及主谓一致等知识。因此，掌握好动词的各种形式及其用法是做此类题的关键。那么，怎样才能做好此类题呢？我们可以从以下几方面着手： 一、确定正确的时态 时态是动词填空的重点，在解题时必须慎重。确定时态可根据情况从以下几个方面来进行。 1根据句中的时间状语来确定时态。 2注意时态呼应。 在主从复合句中，主句谓语与从句谓语动词的时态是相互照应的。 1）在含宾语从句的主从复

2、合句中，如果主句是一般过去时，从句要用过去的相应时态；如果主句谓语动词是一般现在时，从句的谓语动词可根据实际情况而使用某一种时态；如果从句说的是客观事实或真理，谓语动词总是用一般现在时。如： a）Do you know where he _（live）now？ b）The teacher told us the sun _（rise）in the east c）She wanted to know if her mother _（like）the present Keys：a）lives b）rises c）liked 2）状语从句的时态比较复杂，我们应注意以下几点：主从句的时态要一致；主句是

3、一般将来时或祈使句，条件状语从句或时间状语从句要用一般现在时表示将来；表示一个动作发生时，另一个动作正在进行，这时从句用过去进行时，主句用一般过去时。如： a）We will go to the Great Wall if it _（not rain）tomorrow b）Could you ring me up as soon as he _（arrive）？ c）I _（meet）an old friend of mine when I _（walk）in the street yesterday afternoon Keys：a）doesnt rain b）arrives c）met，w

4、as walking 3根据上下文确定时态。 有时句子没有明显的时间状语，也不能用时态呼应规则来对照，这时就可以根据上下文内容来判断时间关系，确定时态。如： a）Be quiet！He _（listen）to the radio b）Where are the twins？ They _（read）an English book c）While Mary _（play）in the garden，her brother _（write）in the room d）I have bought a new dictionaryWhen _ you _（buy）it？ Keys：a）is liste

5、ning b）are reading c）was playing，was writing d）did，buy 二、确定语态 我们在考虑时态的同时，也要考虑语态。当句子的主语是谓语动词动作的承受者时，用被动语态；反之用主动语态。如： a）Yesterday I _（tell）that we would have a picnic in the park b）Now surfing _（enjoy）by people all over the world Keys：a）was told b）is enjoyed 注意：不及物动词或相当于不及物动词的短语动词（如listen，sleep，happen

6、，get up，grow up，break out，come in等）没有被动语态。如： The ship has disappeared The war broke out many years ago 但是，当“不及物动词介（副）词”构成的短语动词其作用相当于及物动词时，则有被动语态。 The children are looked after well 三、确定非谓语动词的形式 如果所给的动词在句子中不作谓语，就应该考虑用动词的非谓语动词形式。究竟选用哪种非谓语动词形式，可根据情况从以下几方面来考虑。（详见第28期） 1在及物动词want，hope，wish，decide，would l

7、ike等动词后用不定式作宾语。 2It is time (for sb) to do sth，something to eatdrink，have nothing to do等句型中要用动词不定式。 3在enjoy，finish，mind，be busy，be worth，feel like，whathow about，cant help，practice，have funproblems等后要用动词-ing形式。 尽管有些同学时间概念记住了，谓语动词的时态和语态也确定了，但在答题时仍会出错。所以我们还应注意： 1要弄清动词的第三人称单数、过去式及过去分词等形式。 2要注意谓语动词要与主语在人

8、称和数上保持一致。 3祈使句中，或在情态动词、助动词后，谓语动词要用原形。非谓语动词总结一后面可跟动词的ing形式的情况1.动词： finish doing sth.完成做某事；enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事；practice doing sth. 练习做某事；imagine doing,想象做某事；avoid doing sth.避免做某事；consider doing sth.考虑做某事；suggest doing sth.建议做某事；mind doing sth.介意做某事； keep doing sth.持续做某事2.固定短语： feel like doing sth.喜

9、欢做某事；be busy doing sth.忙于做某事；be worth doing 值得做某事；spend time (in) doing sth.花费时间（金钱）做某事； have difficult/trouble in doing sth做某事有困难；have fun doing.做某事高兴3.介词后(on, in, of, about, at, with, without, for, from, up, by等)如：be good at doing sth.；thank you for doing sth.；give up doing sth.；stop sb. from doin

10、g sth.；do well in doing sth.；be afraid of doing sth.；be interested in doing sth.；be proud of；instead of；be fond of4.to作介词的情况look forward to doing sth期望做某事； prefer doing sth. to doing sth与相比较更喜欢； pay attention to doing注意做某事； be/get used to doing sth.习惯于做某事；make a contribution to为做贡献二后面可跟动词的不定式形式的情况1.

11、动词：agree to do同意去做；afford to do买得起；decide to do决定去做某事；hope to do希望去做；wish to do希望去做；fail to do做某事失败去；plan to do打算去做；pretend to do假装去做； refuse to do拒绝去做；would like to do想要去做；want to do想要去做某事；learn to do 学做；prefer to do sth. 喜欢（爱）做某事；sb. seem to do sth好像做某事；want/would like to do sth. 想做；used to do sth

12、. 过去常做某事2.句型. allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人去做某事asked sb. (not) to do sth. 叫某人做事某事（叫某人不要去做某事）tell sb. (not) to do sth. 叫某人去（不要）做某事follow sb. to do sth. 跟随某人去做某事get sb. to do sth. 让某人做某事warn sb. (not) to do sth. 警告某人做某事（或不要做某事）be amazed to do sth. 对做某事感到惊讶be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事be excited to do sth. 对做

13、感到兴奋 be frightened to do sth. 害怕去做某事be glad/happy to do sth. 高兴去做某事be/get ready to do sth.准备做某事be sorry to do sth. 对做某事感到抱歉 be surprised to do sth. 对做某事感到惊奇cant wait to do sth. 迫不急待地去做某事get/have a chance to do sth. 得到一个做某事的机会Its + adj.+(for sb.) to do sth. 做某事（对某人来说）怎么样Its +adj. +(of sb.) to do sth.

14、It takes sb. some time/money to do sth. 花费某人多长时间做某事（常考）Its best for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说做某事是最好的Its time for sb. to do sth. 是某人做某事的时候了too(for sb.) to 太以致不能 =not enough to do prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 宁愿而不愿（常考）something to eat/drink 一些吃/喝的东西（词不定式放在something等后修饰这些Sth. is hard/difficult/easy

15、 to do 做好某事很难/容易take turns to do sth. 轮流做There is no time (for sb. ) to do sth. 对（某人来说）没时间做某事了There is no need (for sb.) to do sth. 对某人来说没必要做某事try/do ones best to do sth. 尽力去做某事三、后既能跟不定式也能跟动名词的情况： 1、后加不定式或动名词意思相近的动词有些动词接doing和to do意义相近像like(喜欢)，love(喜欢)，hate(憎恨)，prefer(宁可)，begin(开始)，start(开始)，contin

16、ue(继续)。如：等词后加不定式或动名词区别不大：如：like to do表示想要做某一具体的动作 like dong表示一般或抽象的多次动作 它们在实际使用中区别很小。 2、后加不定式或动名词区别较大的动词： remember to do(记住去做) remember doing(记得做过) forget to do(忘记去做) forget doing(忘记做过) try to do(设法做) try doing(试着做) go on to do(接着做另一事) go on doing(继续做同一事) stop to do(停下来去做) stop doing(停止做) cant help

17、to do(不能帮助做) cant help doing(情不自禁做) 四、后跟不带to的不定式（动词原形）的情况。1在感官动词和使役动词后feel， hear，listen to，watch，look at，see， notice ，make，let，have等后跟动词不定式作宾语补足语时应省去不定式符号to。注意：将此句改为被动句时，省去的不定式符号to应加上。 在动词help后跟不定式作宾语或宾语补足语时，既可带to，也可不带to。2.助动词或情态动词后：do, did, does, will, shall, would, should, can, may, must等后面接不带to的动

18、词不定式。3.某些固定句型中1）Will（Would）you please（not）？请（不要）做某事好吗？2）had better最好做某事3）Why not？为何不做某事 4) would rather(not).宁可(不)；宁愿(不)此句型也可以扩展成：would rather.than.=would.rather than.。5）在祈使语气(或口语)中。五既可跟动词原形又可跟动词ing形式的情况。see,watch,hear等动词，后面既可跟原形又可跟动名词形式，跟原形时表示做过或经常做，跟动名词时表示正在做。see/watch sb. do sth.看到某人做过(经常做）某事 see

19、/watch sb. doing sth.看到某人正在做某事hear sb. do sth.听到某人做过（经常做）某事 hear sb. doing sth.听到某人正在做某事初中英语总复习专项练习动词时态、语态I根据句意，用所给动词的适当形式填空。1. It is a fine day. The sun _(shine) brightly.2. They _(visit) the Science Museum next Sunday.3. Mr Brown _(live) in Beijing since he came to China.4. Mr Wang _(teach) us Eng

20、lish two years ago.5. The Smiths _( watch) TV at this time last night.6. We _(learn) about ten English songs by the end of last term.7. Father said that he _(buy) a new bike for me the next Friday.8. Bill isnt here. He _(chat) with his friends in the classroom.9. The teacher said that the moon _(go)

21、 round the earth.10. The Young Pioneers will go to the zoo if it _(not rain) this Sunday.11. Listen! They _(talk) about the new film.12. Jim asked us what _(happen) in China in 1976.13. My mobile phone _(steal) on a bus last week.14. The host _(interview) the little boy just now.15. The Greens _(wat

22、ch) TV now.16. He said that he _(ring) me up when he got there.17. We _(learn) English for about three years.18. My brother_(join) the League in 1997.19. The farmers _(pick) apples when I saw them.20. The red skirt _(cost) the girl forty yuan.21. The film _(begin) when I got to the cinema.22. The gi

23、rl told me that she wanted to be an English teacher when she _(grow) up.23. My sister is a student and she _(study) at a middle school nearby.24. Mr Green _(travel) to several places in South China since he came here.25. You _(catch) the early bus if you get up early.26. _you been_(wear) glasses all

24、 the time?27. Ill go home as soon as I _(finish) my homework.29. Most science books are _(write) in English.30. I _(stay) there for two months last year.II根据句意，选择填空。31. Tell Lily to call me as soon as she _. A. will arrive B. gets there C. has gone D. reach here32. -Hi, Kate. You look tired. Whats t

25、he matter? -I _ well last night. A. didnt sleep B. dont sleep C. havent slept D. wont sleep33. -Excuse me, look at the sign over there, please. Could you stop smoking? -Sorry, I _ that. A. didnt see B. dont see C. wont see D. cant see34. -Well, I found this. I think it must be yours. -My watch! Than

26、k you. Where _it. A. do you find B. had you found C. were you finding D. did you find35. -Don you know when Dr White _ for dinner this evening? -No, but I think he _ when he is free. A. will come; comes B. will come; will come C. comes; comes D. comes; will come36. Look at those black clouds. It _ r

27、ain. Lets hurry. A. maybe B. would C. has D. is going to37. -Jimmy is leaving for a holiday. -Really? Where _ he _? A. has; gone B. will; go C. did; go D. does; go38. -Shall we go shopping now? -Sorry, I cant. I _ my shirts. A. wash B. washes C. washed C. am washing39. -I called you yesterday evenin

28、g, but there was no answer. -Oh, I am sorry. I _ dinner at my friends home. A. have B. had C. was having D. have had40. The Oriental Pearl TV Tower _ thousands of visitors since 1995. A. attracted B. attracts C. has attracted D. will attract41. -_you _ your e-mails today? -Not yet. Theres something

29、wrong with my computer. A. Have; checked B. Did; check C. Do; check D. Are; checking42. -How do you like Beijing, Mr Smith? -Oh, I _ such a beautiful city before. A. dont visit B. didnt visit C. havent visited D. hadnt visited43. -Tom, may I borrow your book Chicken Soup? -Sorry, I _ it to Mary. A.

30、lent B. have lent C. had lent D. lend44. -Mum, may I go out to play football? -_you _ your homework yet? A. Have; finished B. Do; finished C. Are; finishing D. Did; finish45. -The train is leaving right now, but David hasnt arrived yet. -Well, he said he _here on time. A. came B. will be C. would co

31、me D. can be46. -Why didnt you go to the cinema yesterday? -Because I _ the film before. A. had seen B. have seen C. have watched D. has watched47. I dont think John saw me. He _ a book at that moment. A. just read B. has just read C. was just reading D. had just read48. Mr Smith _ a book about Chin

32、a last year but I dont know whether he has finished it. A. has written B. wrote C. had written D. was writing49. Mr White _ the newspaper while his daughter _TV. A. has read; was watching B. was reading; watched C. was reading; was watching D. reading; watched50. - I _ you at the meeting. Why? -I wa

33、s ill. A. saw B. have seen C. not see D. didnt see51. The 29th Olympic Games _ in Beijing in 2008. A. hold B. will hold C. will be held D. held52. Hurry up! The play _ for ten minutes. A. has been on B. has begun C. had begun D. began53. -May I speak to Mr Smith? -Sorry, he _ Australia. But he _ in

34、two days. A. has been to; will come back B. has gone to; will be back C. has been in; would come back D. is leaving for; doesnt come back54. I cant go to the theater tonight because I _ my ticket. A. have lost B. had lost C. will lose D. was losing55. -What a nice bike! How long _ you _ it? -Just tw

35、o weeks. A. have; bought B. did; buy C. have; had D. are; having56. -Im sorry to have kept you waiting. -Oh, not at all. I _ here only for a few minutes. A. have come B. had been C. was D. have been57. -_ my dictionary anywhere? - Yes. I saw it on your desk a moment ago. A. Did you see B. If you see

36、 C. Had you seen D. Would you see58. We were all surprised when he mad it clear that he _ office soon. A. leaves B. would leave C. will leave D. had left59. Mrs Smith _ her keys in the office, so she had to wait until her husband _ home. A. has left; comes B. left; had come C. had left; would come D

37、. had left; came60. -What did your son say in the letter? -He told me that he _ the Disneyland the next day. A. would visit B. has visit C. is going to visit D. will visit61. In some parts of the world, tea _ with milk and sugar. A. is serving B. is served C. serves D. served62. -Did you win the bas

38、ketball game? -Bad luck. Our team _ in the end. A. won B. beat C. was won D. was beaten63. I believe that those mountains _ with trees in a few years. A. are covered B. will be covered C. are covering D. will cover64. I like my new bike. It _ very well. A. rides B. is riding C. is ridden D. has ridd

39、en65. -Do you think this kind of apple _ well? -No, I dont think so. A. have sold B. sells C. are sold D. would sell66. I wasnt at home yesterday. I _ to help with the harvest on the farm. A. asked B. was asked C. was asking D. had asked67. How sweet the music _! I have never heard a better piece. A

40、. sounded B. is sounded C. is sounded to be D. sounds68. -Can you tell me whom the play _ in 1998? -Sorry, I dont know. A. was written by B. was written C. is written by D. is written69. -What does the sentence Dont trouble trouble till trouble _ you mean? -Sorry, I have no idea. A. trouble B. troub

41、les C. troubled D. will trouble70. Do you think _ an English film tomorrow night? A. there is B. there is going to have C. there is going to be D. there was71. Almost all the water _ gone. Please save water! A. are B. is C. have D. were72. Jane _ a new dress every month when she was in Shanghai. A.

42、buys B. is buying C. bought D. will buy73. -Who jumps the farthest in your school? -Henry _. A. does B. jumps C. has D. did74. You were on the farm yesterday, _you? A. didnt B. dont C. arent D. werent75. Li Ping studied hard, _ he? A. was B. did C. wasnt D. didnt76. Both Kate and I _ ready for the p

43、icnic now. A. is not B. is getting C. are getting D. am getting77. A talk on Chinese history _ in the school hall next week. A. is given B. has been given C. will be given D. will give78. -I hear your father _ to Japan once. -Yes. He _ there last year. A. went; has been B. has been; went C. goes; we

44、nt D. has been; has been79. -Mike wants to know if _ a picnic tomorrow. -Of course. But if it _, well visit the museum instead. A. you have; will rain B. you will have; will rain C. you will have; rains D. will you have; rains80. -My good friend, Mike, wants to be a soldier when he grows up. -So _ I

45、. A. do B. am C. will D. should81. It _ ten years since they _ to France. A. was; moved B. was; have moved C. has; have moved D. has been; moved82. He _ wait until the rain _. A. wont; will stop B. wont; stop C. will; stops D. will; will stop83. -So you went to see the film with Tom. -Yes, but Bob _

46、 with us. A. wont go B. isnt going C. doesnt go D. didnt go84. -Your name again? I _ quite catch it. -Federico MacAdam. A. didnt B. dont C. wouldnt D. wont1The boy is happy because he _(sell) out all the newspapers.2The plan _(give) up because of rain.3If it _(not rain) tomorrow, we _(go )fishing.4W

47、here _you_(be) these days?5Where is Tom? He _(go) to the post office. He said he _(come) back soon.6Mike says he _(want )to be a worker after he _ (finish )school.7The last bus _just _(leave) when they _(get) to the bus stop.8She _(not go) to bed until she _(finish) her work.9Light _(travel )much fa

48、ster than sound.10I _(feel) much better after I _(take) the medicine.11”Where _we_(meet)?” “Lets meet outside the park gate.”12I_(be) afraid Mr Johnson _(not visit) out school tomorrow.13I _(lost) my bike ._you _(see) it anywhere?14_this kind of car _(produce) in Shanghai?15We _(see) several members

49、 of the family since we _(arrive)16I found that the students _(play) football on the playground.17The shop _(close) at this time of day.18Where _your watch _(lose)?19_the doctor _(send) for last night?20Three children _(take) good care by the nurse.21Some children _(take ) good care by the nurse.22S

50、ome new houses _(build) by the villagers themselves.23What language _(speak) in Australia?24The colour TV _(buy) in that shop three days ago.25He said he _(stay) here for another two days.26The doctor said Jim must _(operate ) on at once.27“_the bridge _(repair) yet?”“Yes, the workers_ already_(repair) it.”28We are in Grade One this year, so we _(teach ) physics next year.29“Where _(be) you last night?”“I_(ask) to help Tom at home”30The big tree _(blow)down in the storm last night.31I_ never _(eat) such delicious noodles before.32When we reached the town,