欧洲中世纪骑士英语ppt

1、 Knight Vicky Zeng The Knights LoveThe knight love story is often about the warrior guardian who fall in love with princess with no ending.The Knights LiteratureKnight literature is a literary form of secular feudal lords, produced in 11-12 century, and become popular in 12-13 century in Western Eur

2、ope. It is thought to be the combination of the consciousness and the concept of Christian theology.Knight lyric(骑士抒情诗)is the mainstream of knight literature. It mainly describe the knights love, especially praise knights love and obedience to ladiesThe Knights BriefKnight ( or Cavalier ,kvlr ) is t

3、rained cavalry of European official military in the middle ages, later developed into a title of honor, used to represent a social class.Began in the 10th century and reached a peak in the 13th century.Decline at the late Middle Age. The Knights BriefKnight belongs to the lowest level of the noble c

4、lass, usually with only a small piece of fief (封地).In the war of middle ages in the Europe, Kings and nobles requires overwhelming advantage in the war, for this reason, they nurtured some young people and make them become the knights.The Knights BriefThe Knights TrainingBecoming a knight is the dre

5、am of every boy in middle ages, but the process it extremely tough.7 814 1521The Knights Oath Becoming a knight is the dream of every boy in middle ages, but the process it extremely tough.The picture on the left shows a common ceremony of knight nomination. The Knights Oath Be without fear in the f

6、ace of your enemies. Be brave and upright that God may see. Speak the truth even if it leads to your death. Save God the helpless. That is your oath. And that so you remember it. Rise a knight! 强敌当前，无畏不惧！ 果敢忠义，无愧上帝！ 耿正直言，宁死不诳！ 保护弱者，无怪天理！ 这是你的誓词，牢牢记住！册封为骑士！ I will be brave against the strong. 我将勇敢地面对

7、强敌 I will fight all who do wrong. 我将毫无保留地对抗罪人 I will fight for those who cannot fight. 我将为不能战斗者而战 I will help those who call me for help. 我将帮助那些需要我帮助的人 I will harm no woman. 我将不伤害妇孺 I will help my brother knight. 我将帮助我的骑士兄弟 I will be true to my friends. 我将忠实地对待朋友 I will be faithful in love.我将真诚地对待爱情

8、History of DevelopmentStage 1: The first phase is roughly from Charles Matt(查理马特)military reform to the end of the 11th century. This period of chivalry(骑士制度)is still in its early stage. Firstly, the knight is a professional soldier Secondly, knights are still feudal lords Thirdly, Knights are exper

9、iencing the process of Christianization.Relationship with Church12th century Johannes once said: “why establish chivalry? In order to defend the church, in order to fight against people who are not religious, to respect clerics(牧师), to protect the poor from unjust treatment, in order to live in peac

10、e, in order to dedicate my blood. If necessary, Im willing to sacrifice my life for my brothers.The Knights Code of Chivalry and the vows of KnighthoodTo fear God and maintain His Church 敬畏上帝，维护主的教会To serve the liege lord in valour and faith 为主献上勇气与信仰To protect the weak and defenceless 保护弱小和无助的人To g

11、ive succour to widows and orphans 给寡妇与孤儿帮助To refrain from the wanton giving of offence不可无礼的冒犯他人To live by honour and for glory 活得尊严以及荣誉To despise pecuniary reward 不看重金钱的奖赏To fight for the welfare of all 为所有人的幸福而战斗To obey those placed in authority 遵从当权者的指令To guard the honour of fellow knights 维护其他骑士们

12、的尊严To eschew unfairness, meanness and deceit 回避不公正，恶意以及欺骗To keep faith 持守信仰At all times to speak the truth 只说实话To persevere to the end in any enterprise begun 坚持到底To respect the honour of white women 尊重女性Never to refuse a challenge from an equal 绝不回拒同等之人的挑战Never to turn the back upon a foe 绝不背对敌人His

13、tory of DevelopmentStage 2: The second phase is from about 12 century to the early 13th century. This stage is basically the time of crusade(十字军东征) (1095-1291), it is the boom of chivalry. Firstly, the combination of chivalry religious principles and military principles reaches the summit. secondly,

14、 knight privilege becomes hereditary and the knight finally separate from the peasantCrusade Is a series of famous religious military action under the permission of Catholic Pope in Rome. This so-called “justice” war was started by the western European feudal lords and knights to fight with the east

15、ern Mediterranean countries in the name of the of removing the heresy(异教). At that time, Jerusalem shrine, which once belongs to the Roman Catholic fell into the hands of Islam. In order to retake the lost ground, the Roman Catholic church made Crusades action repeatedly. But there were some Crusade

16、s that aimed at others like Christians, not only against IslamCrusade(十字军东征)In 1099, Jerusalem was overcome. Under the protection of religion, the knights templar(圣殿骑士团）and the knight s hospitaller(医院骑士团) were given the noble aura.Crusade(十字军东征)The Crusades represent the arrival of the golden age in

17、 knight culture , the Crusades is considered to be the perfect knight. It is seen as the knights highest duty to recapture the holy land from the pagans(异教徒), and to protect the helpless pilgrims(朝圣者). In return, the churches put the cavalry under their protection, and made it a transnational organi

18、zation.The Crusades made the eastern and western churches left many famous atrocities in history.Till the modern times, the Catholic church admits the Crusades caused hatred and hostility between Christians and Muslims. It is a wrong action that make the of church tarnished reputation.From 1096 to 1291, therere eight Crusades in total, but eventually failed.History of DevelopmentStage 3: The third phase is from the late 13th century until the reformation period(宗教改革时期)