应用型大学英语第二册第五单元

1、上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 Book II应 用 型 大 学 英 语 系 列 教 程应 用 型 大 学 英 语 系 列 教 程 Application-oriented college English Course 上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 Language Skills DevelopmentLanguage in UseEnhancement of Language Abilities Unit 5Unit FiveTable of Contents上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 Focus1 contentBackNextStarterText: Goodby

2、e, Mr. FosterWorking with words and phrasesDiscussionPractice: interpretingPractice: translationPractice: writingSurfing the InternetHighlightsTable of ContentsPart 1 Language Skills Development上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 focus1highlightsHighlightsS: An ideal jobL: Good restaurant serviceR: Goodbye, Mr. Fost

3、erW: How to avoid coordination problems in writingInternet work: Finding a job for Mr. Foster Part 1 Language Skills DevelopmentBaBackNextLead-in Do you know the vocations in the following pictures? Please describe them. pilotmakeup artistteacherfiremanmodeldoctorphotographer Air hostess Waiter/serv

4、er/busboyIs there any vacation you have dreamed of following or you wish your boyfriend or girlfriend to follow? 上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 1. StarterA. What is an ideal job? Put the following statements in order of importance (1=most important, 8=least important). Discuss in class.a. My colleagues must be

5、friendly.b. There must be chances to learn new skills.c. The work must be creative and interesting.d. I want good pay so that I can save up to travel around the world. e. My work must be appreciated.f. Im looking for an exciting working environment. g. The job must give high social status.h. I would

6、 like to freelance for different companies. The order of importance: 1._ 2._ 3._ 4._ 5._ 6._ 7._ 8._ Reference AnswerThere is no fixed answer BackNext Do you often eat outside? If you do, what factors do you take into consideration when choosing a restaurant? Text Lead-ingood service pleasant atmosp

7、here reasonable price appetizing food Which Are Good/Poor Customer Services As soon as customers step through doors, waiters welcome them with greeting. It took the waiter 20 mins after the order was taken to tell the customer there was no orange juice. Waiting staff are giggling and talking about c

8、ustomers behind their back. Refill the empty glass before customers are forced to ask. Once customers receive their food, a server or food runner ask if they need anything else at the moment. Busboys loosely assemble, waiting without enthusiasm for tables to become empty. Keeping customer waiting fo

9、r a long time without apologies. If they were completely unsatisfied, give them a discount or take their food from their check.BackNextGoodbye, Mr. FosterGoodbye, Mr. Foster by Steve Bruceby Steve BruceGoodbye, Mr. FosterGoodbye, Mr. Foster by Steve Bruceby Steve BruceGoodbye, Mr. FosterGoodbye, Mr.

10、 Foster by Steve Bruceby Steve BruceGoodbye, Mr. FosterGoodbye, Mr. Foster by Steve Bruceby Steve BruceGoodbye, Mr. FosterGoodbye, Mr. Foster a story about a respectable busboy.a story about a respectable busboy.by Steve Bruceby Steve BruceWarm upYou are allowed five minutes to read the story. Then

11、give the answers to the questions according to the text. 1. What does Mr. Foster do?2. Why did Mr. Foster quit his job at last? He is a _.The one resetting tables, clearing dirty dishes , refilling water and juice glasses in restaurant or barBecause his boss did not appreciate his work and his heart

12、 was_.busboybrokenBackNextText organizationText Lead-in上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 Body (Paras. _)Conclusion (Paras. _)2-8Body (Paras. _)9-1415-16Introduction (Para. _)1The theme of the story: The unfair treatment of Mr. Foster.The narrators initial encounter with Mr. Foster 8 years ago and how Mr. Foster ea

13、rned the narrators admiration.The development of the narrators admiration in the last 8 years and the firing and recalling of Mr. Foster.Mr. Foster quit his job because his heart was broken.BackNext FirstFirst PartPart the unfair treatment the unfair treatment of Mr. Fosterof Mr. Foster上海交通大上海交通大学学出

14、版社出版社 Introduction part: para.11 Can an employee do his or her job too well? If so, what do you do? P r a i s e ? R a i s e ? Discipline? Terminate? Todays guest columnist tells the true story of Foster, who did his job too well. Translation 一个员工能把工作做得太好吗？如果他/她把事情做得太好了，是应该表扬？晋升？处分？还是炒鱿鱼？今天的客座专栏评论员讲述

15、了一个关于福斯特的真实故事，他把工作做得太好了。 column: n.栏, 专栏, 列, 圆柱He used to write a column for this newspaper that newspaper columnist BackNextPart Second First encounter with Mr. Foster上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 Para.2-8 (body part)2 I met him at least 8 years ago at the Atlanta Hartsfield International Airport. He wore bla

16、ck pants and a white shirt with a black tie and bib apron. “Let me carry that for you, young man,” he said, noticing the balancing act I was performing with my luggage and the tray of food from Paschals Restaurant. Translation 我是在亚特兰大哈兹斐尔德国际机场认识他的，至少有八年了。当时他身穿黑裤子白衬衫打着黑领带，系着一条挡胸工作裙。他看到我一手提着行李，另一只手端着从

17、帕斯卡餐厅买来的一盘食物, 正努力保持平衡，便说：“我来替你拿那东西，小伙子。” Meaning: he said, as he found that I had trouble keeping my balance as I was trying to carry the tray of food as well as my luggage.Balancing act (这里指保持平衡的动作；通常指需谨慎平衡各方力量的举措).BackNext上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 Text: Goodbye, Mr. Foster3 The old fellow grabbed my tray

18、 with a smile and was off, limping heavily on one leg that was obviously shorter than the other. I followed him around the escalator to an empty table I would never have found, and it was only then when I realized that he had also brought napkins, a straw, and p a c k a g e s o f s a l t a n d peppe

19、r.items I usually forget. Translation Question about Para. 3 这位老伙计笑着一把抢下我的盘子就走了。他走起路来瘸得很厉害，两条腿很明显长短不一。我跟着他绕过自动扶梯来到一张空桌子前。要不是他带路，我根本找不到这张空桌子。而这时，我才发现他把餐巾纸、吸管和食盐、胡椒粉也给带上了，都是些我自己往往会忘记的小东西。 BackNextfocus1text 上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 He showed me to an empty table while helping me carry my tray of food as wel

20、l as bringing me napkins, a straw, and packages of salt and pepper. items I usually forget. How did Foster help me when I first met him? Question about Para. 3BackNext上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 Text: Goodbye, Mr. Foster4 With a flourish, he wiped the table, removed my plate from the tray and arranged it car

21、efully with the napkins and the iced tea. Pulling back my chair as I hurriedly retrieved three one-dollar bills from my pocket, he smiled and said, “God bless you.” His name tag read: FOSTER. Translation 只见他手一挥就擦好了桌子，从托盘上端下我的食物，小心地把它和餐巾纸还有冰茶摆在桌上。他把椅子往后拉的时候，我匆忙从兜里掏出三张一美元的纸币，他笑着说：“上帝保佑你！”我瞥见他的名牌上写着：福斯

22、特。 Underline the words that describe Mr. Fosters action.BackNext上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 Text: Goodbye, Mr. Foster5 I was curious to see if this was a n e w se r vice th e a ir p o r t h a d put in place. Certainly, I had never been “helped” before. I saw several other men and women dressed like my new fr

23、iend, loosely assembled, and talking with each other, waiting without enthusiasm for tables to become empty. At that point, one of them would disengage from the group, clear any trash left on the table, wipe it down, and return to their co-workers. Translation 我感到很新奇，想知道这是不是机场新的服务项目。当然，此前我从未享受过这种“服务

24、”。我见到另外一些和我这位新朋友穿着一样的男男女女, 懒散地聚在一起聊天，毫无热情地等待着客人离开餐桌。那个时候，他们中才会有一人从扎堆中出来，清理留在桌上的垃圾，把桌子上上下下擦干净，然后又回到那群工友身边。Meaning: I found that some men and women wearing the same uniforms as Mr. Foster gather in a leisurely and relaxed way, chatting with each other and waiting coldly and passively to clean the tabl

25、e after the customers finished their meals and left.Recite Paragraph 5BackNextQuestion about Para. 5focus1text 上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 I took his service for a new service the airport had put in place. What did I take Fosters service for at the beginning? put in place: 付付诸实诸实施施e.g. Lets see whether they

26、will keep their promise to put the new housing policy in place. BackNext上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 Text: Goodbye, Mr. Foster6 Glancing around the huge area, I quickly spotted Foster. Smiling, laughing, and moving fast, he helped one person after another. He never waited to be summoned. He went where he was

27、needed. Translation Question about Para. 5, 6 环顾宽广的餐饮区，我很快发现了福斯特的身影：他开心地笑着，快步移动着，不停地去帮助别人。他从不等待客人的召唤，哪里有需要他就出现在哪里。 Meaning: He was always ready to offer his service instead of waiting passively for the customers call.cf. “Cant wait (to)” ， “can hardly wait (to)” 迫不及待e.g. She cant/can hardly wait to

28、see her son back from abroad. He couldnt/could hardly wait to join the Party. BackNextNextBackfocus1text 上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 Mr. Foster helped one person after another, smiling, laughing, moving fast, never waiting to be summoned and going where he was needed; by contrast, his workmates were loosely

29、assembled, talking with each other, waiting without enthusiasm for tables to become empty. What was the sharp contrast between the service offered by the old man and that offered by his workmates? Question about Para. 5,6 Summon:召唤召唤summon (up) ones courage 鼓起勇气summon up a smile 挤挤出笑容出笑容summon up im

30、ages of far places想起想起远远方的景象方的景象summoned a meeting of head delegates召集一次首席召集一次首席会议会议上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 Text: Goodbye, Mr. Foster7 I was back through the airport the next day and couldnt wait to visit the food court again. Sure enough, there he was, the old man with the big smile. He helped me to a t

31、able as he had the day before (with napkins, salt and pepper, and a straw) and said, “God bless you, young man.” as he held out my chair. Translation 第二天我返回时经过这个机场，迫不及待地又来到餐饮区。果然，他就在那儿，一位满脸笑容的老伙计。他就像前一天那样（带着餐巾纸、食盐、胡椒粉和吸管）把我领到一张桌子跟前，一边拉出我的座椅，一边说道：“上帝保佑你，小伙子！” BackNext上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 Text: Goodbye,

32、 Mr. Foster8 I had a twenty folded and ready to place in his hand that day. I was impressed and inspired by this old man who struggled to walk, yet kept moving fast all the time as he cleaned empty tables and looked for people to serve. From that day forward, he was Mr. Foster to me. Translation 那天我

33、把一张事先折好的20美元纸币放到他的手里。这位老人使我大为感佩：他行走不便，却毫不懈怠地去收拾桌子，寻找需要招呼的客人。从那天开始，他就是我心目中的福斯特先生。 Meaning: Since that day, the author had been showing his respect by calling him Mr. Foster rather than busboy as most customers do.BackNextQuestion about Para. 8focus1text 上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 I called him Mr. Foster and

34、gave him tips usually more than 20 dollars.4. What did I do to show my respect for Foster for his exceptional service? BackNextPart ThreeThe authors development of admiration for Mr. Foster上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 Para.9-149 As the years rolled by, I developed a great admiration for Mr. Foster. I saw him

35、several times each month and introduced him to anyone with whom I was traveling. “Watch this guy,” I would always instruct as he left our table. “And watch that bunch of other people over there dressed just like him.” The contrast was clear. Translation 随着岁月的流逝，我对福斯特先生产生了一种景仰之情。我每个月都见到他几回，而且总要把他介绍给我

36、的同伴。在他转身离去的时候，我总是叫他们看：“瞧瞧这个伙计，再瞧瞧那边跟他一样打扮的那拨人。”两者的对比不言而喻。 Meaning: As the years went by, I began to respect and like Mr. Foster a lot.BackNext上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 Text: Goodbye, Mr. Foster10 I never once suspected Mr. Foster was making a play for tips. In fact, though I rarely slipped him less than tw

37、enty dollars, he often made me wait while he helped someone i n o b v i o u s n e e d o f assistance. And whether they offered money or not, he always smiled, held their chairs and said, “God bless you.” Translation 我从未怀疑福斯特先生是为了小费而作秀。事实上，尽管我给他的小费难得少于20美元，但是他却常常要我等他招待好那些明显需要帮助的人之后才过来招呼我。而且不论他们是否给他小费

38、，他总是微笑着帮他们摆好椅子，说声：“上帝保佑你！” Meaning: I never believed that Mr. Foster provided his good service for tips.Meaning: In fact, though the amount of tips I gave him usually exceeded twenty dollars, he still kept me waiting as he turned to someone else that he thought needed his help more than I.BackNextQu

39、estion about Para. 10focus1text 上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 No. In fact, he still kept me waiting when there were other people in obvious need of assistance whether they gave him tips or not. Was it getting tipped that motivated Foster to offer his exceptional assistance to customers? Give examples to suppor

40、t your statement. in need of sth.: 需要某物e.g. This project is in urgent need of funding. Translate: 患难见真情A friend in need is a friend indeed.Next上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 Text: Goodbye, Mr. Foster11 And then he was gone. Unable to find my friend, I asked the ladies at Paschals, “Where is Mr. Foster today?” 1

41、2 “Fired,” they told me. “They fired him. Humiliated him. Sent the man home!” Translation 后来他不见了。我找不着这位朋友，就向帕斯卡餐厅的女工打听：“福斯特先生今天上哪儿啦？” “被解雇了。”她们告诉我说：“他们炒了他鱿鱼，羞辱他，赶他回家啦！” If you were Mr.Fosters boss, would you do the same to him? If not , What would you do to him?BackNext上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 Text: Goodb

42、ye, Mr. Foster13 The Atlanta Airport Authority, I was told, had determined that Mr. Foster had become “a distraction”. They ordered him to stop helping people. “Stand with everyone else”, he was told, “and wait for the tables to become empty. You are a busboy; act like one.” Translation 我被告知亚特兰大国际机场

43、管理层认为福斯特先生已经成了一个“搅乱人心之人”。他们下令他停止帮助顾客。他们对福斯特先生说：“你就跟其他人站在一起，等客人走了再干活。你只是个收盘子的，就收盘子吧。”BackNextQuestion about Para. 13上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 Text: Goodbye, Mr. Foster14 A few months later, he was back (happy as ever) on a trial basis. But I never again let him carry my tray. I did, however, continue with t

44、he tips. He took the money because I made him take it. I was mad about him and he knew it. His “God bless you” often came to me with a tear. His spirit was gone. Translation Meaning: I was enchanted by him and he was aware of the fact. Meaning: He often said “God bless you” with tears in his eyes. T

45、 her e w as no longer an y cheerfulness or enthusiasm in his greetings.14 几个月之后，他又回到这里试工（依然是那股快活劲）。然而，我不再让他帮我端盘子。不过，小费我还是照付。他收了，因为我一定要他收下。我对他极其着迷，他也知道这个。他对我说“上帝保佑你”的时候眼里常常含着泪水；那股精神已不复存在。BackNextfocus1text 上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 The narrator meant that Foster was so frustrated and depressed that he was n

46、o longer what he used to besmiling, laughing, moving fast and always busy helping one person after another. What did the narrator mean by saying “His spirit was gone”?Questions about Para. 14BackNextPart FourHeart-broken Mr. Foster quit his job上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 Conclusion part: Para.15-1615 Today,

47、I went by Paschals. Before I could even ask, one of the ladies on the serving line spotted me. “Ive been expecting you,” she said. “Mr. Fosters gone. He quit. Told them he was old and sick and couldnt do the work no more.” Then she cocked her head and added with a whisper, “He aint sick. There aint

48、nothing broken about that old man.” Translation 15 我今天去帕斯卡餐厅，还没等我开口说话，一个女员工就发现了我。“我一直在等您来。”她对我说：“福斯特先生已经走了。他是辞职走的。他跟他们说自己老了，而且又有病，不能再干这个工作啦。”然后她抬起头，悄悄说了一句：“他没病。那老头子什么病都没有。”If your job is not as you imagined, what would you do? Keep working though you are not willing or quit the job.BackNext上海交通大上海交通

49、大学学出版社出版社 Text: Goodbye, Mr. Foster16 Nope, I thought as I turned away, there aint nothing broken about that old man. Nothing but his heart. Translation Meaning: As I left, I said to myself that the old man was not sick or hurt physically. It was his heart or his self-respect that was badly hurt.16

50、不，我转身离开时心里想：他根本没病，那老伙计什么病都没有，他的病在心里。BackNext 上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 He felt hurt and discouraged. To put it another way, he was heart-broken.7. What made Foster quit his job after the trial period? Text: Goodbye, Mr. FosterBackNextdiscipline: vt. punish 处分；处罚e.g. The teacher disciplined the naughty chil

51、d for his bad behavior. n. 1) U training, especially of the mind and character, aimed at producing self-control, obedience, etc 训练，磨炼 e.g. A little discipline would do him a world of good. 2) U result of such training; ordered behavior, e.g. of schoolchildren, soldiers 自制力e.g. The soldiers showed pe

52、rfect discipline under fire. 3) C 纪律e.g. The new teacher cant keep discipline in the classroom. He doesnt have to submit to ordinary disciplines. grab: vt. grasp sth suddenly or roughly; snatch sth selfishly or rudely抓住；攫取，抢夺e.g. The thief grabbed the purse and ran away with it. He grabbed him by hi

53、s shirt collar. synonym: grasp (与grab比较相近, 既能”抓”实物,又可为抽象, 把握机会可表达为 grasp/ grab the opportunity ) grip: (on sb/sth) an act of holding sb/sth tightly (多用做名词进行搭配,如:tighten ones grip on sth, loosen ones grip on sth, take a firm grip on sth, etc.) flourish: 1. n. C, usu. sing. bold sweeping movement or g

54、esture, used esp to attract attention（引人注意的）夸张动作e.g. He opened the door for her with a flourish.2. v. be successful, very active, or widespread; prosper 昌盛; 旺盛; 兴旺; 繁荣e.g. No new business can flourish in the present economic climate.The arts began to flourish at that time. remove: vt. take sth/sb aw

55、ay from one place to another拿开；移动e.g. Ants can remove something many times as heavy as themselves. He hasnt got enough strength to remove that stone. He removed the mud from his shoes. pull back:向后拉出，抽出e.g. The little boy insisted by pulling back his mothers handbag. antonym: pushe.g. Push back your

56、 chair before you can safely stand up. more expressions with “pull”:pull in (火车火车)进站进站pull out (火车火车)离站离站pull off (机动车辆机动车辆)靠边停车靠边停车pull ones leg = make fun of sb 开某人玩笑开某人玩笑retrieve: vt. get possession of sth again 取出；取回取出；取回e.g. I ran back to my room and retrieved my bag. I should like to retrieve

57、my umbrella which I left in the car. The police have managed to retrieve some of the stolen money. name tag:名牌cf. name card 名片 name board 招牌 name tape 布制名条 brand name商标read = say e.g. The sign reads/says “Parking Forbidden”. put in place: 付诸实施付诸实施e.g. Lets see whether they will keep their promise to

58、 put the new housing policy in place. Dont keep talking about your ambition, Lets see how you can put it in place.loosely: ad. 松松垮垮地e.g. He enjoys lying loosely on the beach in the sunlight.loose: adj. 1) not firmly fixed 不牢固的, 松动的 e.g. a loose tooth 2) physically slack 松弛 e.g. loose skin 3) not com

59、pact or dense in texture 疏松的 e.g. loose soil loosen v. 使松动 fastene.g. He loosened his tie but he didnt take it off.The governments control over the newspapers has loosened in recent years. disengage: vi./vt. free or disconnect sth/sb from sth/sb that holds it/him firmly 脱离；（使）分开disengage from 从中摆脱e.

60、g. We must disengage troops from the fighting. 将部队从战斗中撤出。engage: v.engage (sb) in sth 参加某事或从事某事e.g. be engaged in politics 从政 be engaged in business 从商(做生意)be (get) engaged to sb. 订婚e.g. Theyre engaged (to each other).word formation : dis-cf. disapprove, discourage, dissatisfy, displace, disagree, d