完形填空解读及解题秘籍

1、完完形填空解读形填空解读及应试技巧及应试技巧高考总体要求高考总体要求 完形填空全面考查学生的语言知识、阅读完形填空全面考查学生的语言知识、阅读理解能力和总体语言水平。理解能力和总体语言水平。 解题过程是对语篇中的缺失信息进行猜测、解题过程是对语篇中的缺失信息进行猜测、推断、验证的过程，通常我们可以推断、验证的过程，通常我们可以借助语篇借助语篇的上下文线索以及文化背景知识等的上下文线索以及文化背景知识等进行解题。进行解题。Brief introduction （一）完形填空题的题型特点及方法（一）完形填空题的题型特点及方法1. 首句完整首句完整 完形填空首句不挖空，帮助进入语境完形填空首句不挖空

2、，帮助进入语境2. 语境选择语境选择 近几年的高考完形填空题主要考查考生对上下近几年的高考完形填空题主要考查考生对上下文的理解，要求考生通过语境来作出选择。文的理解，要求考生通过语境来作出选择。 “语语境能力型境能力型” 试题具有相当难度，因为完形填空所试题具有相当难度，因为完形填空所给的四个选项往往在语法方面都能成立，错误选给的四个选项往往在语法方面都能成立，错误选项多半可以和空前、空后文字形成某种搭配，极项多半可以和空前、空后文字形成某种搭配，极具干扰和迷惑作用。做完形填空题，需要我们具干扰和迷惑作用。做完形填空题，需要我们立立足语篇环境，树立全局观念，瞻前顾后，连贯思足语篇环境，树立全局

3、观念，瞻前顾后，连贯思维，维，从语境角度来选择答案。从语境角度来选择答案。例如：例如： (1) Japan is an island country and its _ go all over Japan. (2) Japan is an island country and its_ go all over the Pacific looking for fish to catch. (3) Japan is an island country and its _ go over the Pacific looking for the fish groups.(4) Japan is an

4、island country and its_ go on the Pacific looking for the missing people. (5)Japan is an island country and its_ go all over Japan, sending people to and from work. 选择项：选择项：A. fishing boats B. lifeboats C. planes D. trains A, B, C, DACB DMethods: Method 1: 通读全文；抓住主旨通读全文；抓住主旨Method 2： 细读全文；透析文意细读全文；透

5、析文意完型填空题实用解题技巧完型填空题实用解题技巧 完型填空题实用解题技巧完型填空题实用解题技巧实用技巧一：实用技巧一： 寻找关键寻找关键信息词信息词来选择答案来选择答案 在一篇文章中，有时就一个单句而言，很难确定合适的答案，但若继续下去，就会发现与问题有关的信息词，这些词往往直接或间接地提出或暗示我们所寻找的答案。 例1：Norman Cousins was a businessman from the United States who often traveled around the world on business. He enjoyed his _1_ and traveling

6、. 1. A. time B. holidayC. sleep D. work D(原词复现、关联词、近义词反义原词复现、关联词、近义词反义词、概括词复现和注释性复现等）词、概括词复现和注释性复现等）接着读下文： Then, after returning to the United States from a _2_ trip to the Union of Soviet Socialist Republic (USSR), Mr. Cousins got sick. Because he had pushed his body to the limit of its strength on

7、 the trip, a change began to take place _ 3_ him. The material between his bones became weak.2. A. boringB. tiring C. dangerous D. pleasant3.A. fromB. around C. insideD. besideBC例2：An old lion _ in its cave and pretended to be ill, when some animals came to visit it, the lion killed and ate them.A.S

8、lept B. lay C. lying D. felt sickB例3. Miss Brown said, “ May I 17 (correct) a small mistake that you made, Miss Dike? Columbus crossed the 18 in the 15th , not the 16th century. He 19 (discovered) America in 1492. Sir Francis Drake was a great sailor in the 16th century. You 20 (might have crossed)

9、the Atlantic ocean with him. A. Pacific B. Indian C. Arctic D. AtlanticD (4) I remember as a child I said something 40 about somebody, and my father said, “Any time you say something unpleasant about somebody else, its a reflection of you.” (NMET2005山东山东) A. unkind B. unnecessary C. unimportant D. u

10、nusual (5) Apparently, although no one wants to be 51 all the time, everyone needs some degree of privacy. 2007上海）上海） A. noisy B. alone C. personal D. sociableAB6. The strange thing was that practically all the students went to class, and very few people stayed up late at night. Only the new people

11、stayed up or _ class. (NMET2000春） A. attended B. took C. missed D. studied 根据根据词语辨析词语辨析和和固定搭配固定搭配来选择答案来选择答案固定搭配：固定搭配： 1. 固定短语搭配固定短语搭配 2. 句型搭配句型搭配 3. 习惯用语习惯用语如：A persons feeling depends, in a sense, according to Dr. Green, _the climate. 例例1：It will not be _ the teachers and the students meet again. A

12、. before longB. far away C. long before D. some longC 实用技巧二：实用技巧二：on(2) Many boys and girls learn English at school. It is one of their 4 (subjects) . Many people learn English because it is 5 (useful) in their work. Some young people learn English 6 (for) their higher studies because some of their

13、books are 7 English. A. in B. with C. at D. of (3) With such a credit card, you can travel and entertain when and where you 15 (want) . The world s leading hotels, motels and resorts（胜（胜地）地）welcome the Card. You can charge nearly everything, including golf and tennis 16 . A. money B. fares C. ticket

14、s D. feesAD4. 1 my way home yesterday, I saw a dog in front 2 me. 1. A. In B. Of C. On D. To 2. A. of B. to C. from D. before 5. Everyday after school I would 41 to JMs and work until ten. (NMET 2003 北京）北京） 41. A. head B. turn C. change D. move 实用技巧三：用实用技巧三：用比较判断法比较判断法来选择答案来选择答案 有时，在一个段落中，前面的空只凭借一个句

15、子的内容很难做出正确的判断，但是在后面的句子结构中也出现同样的语言结构，这种语言现象便是我们要找的比较信息部分。了解比较信息部分的结构，能帮助我们找到前面对应结构中等立存在的答案。例例1：Pagoda Street is a street like many others not very _ 1_ , not very wide, _ 2_ wide enough for two buses to pass. But it is a _3_ street all the same, particularly during the rush hour.1. A clearB. cleanC.

16、far D. fresh2. A. alsoB. evenC. and D. only3. A. famous B. useful C. busy D. freeB D C 排比和对比排比和对比例2：The ancient Greek thinker Diogenes said that there was only one good, namely(也就是), knowledge; and only one _1_ , namely,_ 2 _.1.A. better B. best C. nice D. evil2. A. ignorance B. disbelief C. lazines

17、s D. deathDA 3. As they walked Mark 38 the boys name was Bill, that he 39 computer games, baseball and history, that he was having a lot of 40 with his other subjects and that he had just broken 41 with his girlfriend.38. A. discovered B. realized C. said D. decided39. A. played B. loved C. tried D.

18、 made40. A. questions B. ideas C. trouble D. doubt41. A. up B. out C. off D. away实用技巧四：实用技巧四：Context 上下文语境上下文语境 该项目的设计主要是考查考生的综合分析能力。测试内容包括篇章结构和推理判断能力，这些答案的选择，起关键作用的是上下文的关系，也就是说，对短文的整体理解是非常重要的，这种考查项目的设计所占的比例较大，且难度也大。考生必须跨越句子层次和段落层次才能选出正确的答案来。(1) The ancient Greeks were very interested in the nature

19、of the world around them and put forward many interesting theories to explain things. Sometimes they were right, 1 very often they were wrong. A. and B. so C. but D. for (2) Are your table manners much better when you are eating at a friends home or in a restaurant than they are at your own home? Pr

20、obably so, 1 (because) you are aware that people judge you by your table manners. You take special pains when you are eating 2 . (2005上海上海) A. in public B. at home C. at ease D. in a hurryCA5、Cultural background and common sense文化背景和常识文化背景和常识(2) the mother was holding their baby daughter, Ally. The

21、little girl had some food stuck in her throat, and could hardly breathe. Mr. White drove them to . The ambulance was running very fast along the road. A. the best hospital B. the biggest hospital C. the nearest hospital D. the Childrens Hospital(3) People of Burhngton are being disturbed by the soun

22、d of bells. Four students from Burlington College of Higher Education are in the bell tower of the 26 have made up their minds to 27 (ring) the bells nonstop for two weeks as a protest （抗议）（抗议） against heavy trucks which run 28(day and night) through the narrow High Street.(NMET1999) A. college B. v

23、illage C. town D. church CD 巩固练习巩固练习 It was the final examination for an introductory English course at the local university. Like 1 freshman courses, it was designed to 2 new students, having over 700 students in the class! The examination was two hours long, and exam booklets were provided. The pr

24、ofessor was very 3 and told the class that any exam paper that was not on his desk in 4 two hours would not be accepted and the student would 5 . 1/2 hour into the exam, a student 6 in and asked the professor for 7 . Youre not going to have 8 to finish this, the professor stated sarcastically as he

25、handed the student a booklet. Yes, I will, replied the student. He then took a seat and began 9 . After two hours, the professor called for the exams, and the students filed up and handed them in. 10 the late student, who continued 11 . 1/2 hour later, the 12 student came up to the 13 who was sittin

26、g at his desk 14 his next class. He attempted to put his exam on the stack of exam booklets already there. No, you dont, Im not going to accept that. 15 .The student looked incredulous（不相信的） and 16 . Do you know WHO I am? 17 , as a matter of fact I dont, replied the professor with an air of sarcasm（

27、讥讽） in his 18 . Are you sure that you dont know WHO I am?! the student asked again. No, and I dont care. replied the professor with an air of superiority（优越）. 19 , replied the student, who quickly lifted the pile of 20 exams, placed his in the middle, then threw the papers in the air and walked out

28、of the room. 1. A. several such B. such many C. many such D. such a2. A. weed out(清理) B. accept C. admit D. permit3. A. kind B. friendly C. strict D. serious4. A. about B. exactly C. more than D. less than5. A. pass B. succeed C. enroll D. fail6. A. went B. came rushing C. entered D. walked7. A. som

29、e paper B. a pen C. ink D. an exam booklet8. A. right B. ability C. time D. energy9. A. writing B. cheating C. walking D. talking10. A. All except B. All C. All besides D. All of11. A. cryingB. sweatingC. tremblingD. writing12. A. firstB. last C. later D. latest13. A. headmaster B. monitor C. profes

30、sor D. inspector14. A. sitting for B. preparing forC. having D. giving15. A. Its enough B. Its OK C. Its all right D. Its late16. A. happy B. sad C. angry D. gentle17. A. No B. YesC. OKD. All right18. A. sound B. voice C. faceD. eye19. A. Bad luck B. Best C. GoodD. Better20. A. uncompleted B. marked C. marking D. completed【分析和说明】这篇短文讲述的是发生在一个大学里的一件事。许多大学由于学生过多，所以举行一次考试，旨在选优淘劣。一个迟到了半个小时的学生确认老师不认识他后，硬是把自己的答卷塞进了试卷堆当中。短文多数题目考查考生对整个篇章结构的理解，这也是完型填空题跟一般的单项选择句的主要不同之处。如第2，9，15，19题等。【解答】1C考查such 这个词的用法。such如果跟表数量的词连用，应放在数量词的后面。如：many such, several such, no such, one such。但如果用冠词a，应用such a这种结构