英语四级作文指导

1、WritingwritingWriting StepsvTheme OutlinevOutline Topic SentencesvTopic Ss supporting sentenceswritingwritingStep 1Step 1：Topic UnderstandingTopic Understanding1.题目：关于幸运号码与运气的关系2.三个段首句： A段. 指出第一种观点及其根据。 B段. 指出第二种观点及其根据。 C段. 表明你的个人观点偏向（Y/N)writingvStep 2Step 2： OutlineOutline（用英语思维）（用英语思维）v1. 1. 用英语铺

2、设三个段首句：用英语铺设三个段首句：vA段： Some people think numbers bring people good luck.vB段： However, some others believe numbers have nothing to do with luck. vC段： As for me, I dont think numbers will bring us good luck.1. 1.有些人认为数字会带来好运有些人认为数字会带来好运 。2. 2.而有些人则认为数字与运气无关而有些人则认为数字与运气无关3. 3.谈谈你的看法谈谈你的看法 。writingv2. 2

3、. 列出三段各自框架及语言要点：（只写出基本句列出三段各自框架及语言要点：（只写出基本句型结构和句子主要素）型结构和句子主要素）vA段：段：拓展句：A. Believe, there would be fate on numbers (phone numbers, lottery tickets, car number plates etc.) vB. (Reasons) can avoid harm, enjoy good fortune. vB 段：段：拓展句：vA. Believe, the faith on numbers is groundless.v B. One makes hi

4、s own luck; fate is in the hands of a person. writingC C段：段：拓展句：vA. There is no necessary connection between numbers and luck. a. Numbers are only designed to distinguish things. b. The connection between numbers and luck is sheer coincidence.vB. Good luck depends on some factors such as hard work a

5、nd strong determination. 结尾句： I believe there are lucks sometimes, but I simply dont relate luck to numbers.writingwritingwriting九句话模板1. 引导句（套入标题）2. 主题句3. 展开句（简单描述）4. 主题句（提出论点）5.6.7.论据1论据2论据38. 总结句（概括全文）9. 结束句（重复主题)第一段第二段第三段writingCET4作文常用词汇一. 转承语： besides, in addition, moreover, however, neverthele

6、ss, despite of +noun ( the fact that), in spite of. 二. 列举要点：v for one thing, for another,On the one hand, on the other hand,v Firstly, Secondly, Thirdly, Finally,writingCET4作文常用词汇 三.罗列观点用词：argue, insist that, consider, think, maintain that, recommend that, suggest that 四.描述趋势、动态用词（主要用于图表作文）：increase

7、, decrease, drop, fall, rise, decline, fluctuate, sharply, dramatically, slightly, greatly, moderately writingCET4作文常用词汇五.时间词： in recent years, in the past few decades, nowadays, today, in modern times, in our times (age).六.引述个人观点用词： As far as I am concerned, As for me, In my part, speaking from my

8、own experience七.引述原因用词： Why is that? Its probably because, What has caused the problem? The reason whyis thatwritingCET4作文常用词汇八.总结论点用词：九.表述明确观点用词：十.引述结果用词：WritingwritingvOf all the factors that contribute to ones success, hard work and opportunity are the most important ones that most people have ac

9、knowledged.写作中常用的经典句型writingvNothing is more important than to receive good education.v Nothing is more difficult than to be successful both in family life and personal career in ones life.写作中常用的经典句型writingvThere is no denying that the qualities of our life have gone from bad to good.vThere is no de

10、nying that our globe is being threatened by environmental pollution.写作中常用的经典句型writingvIt is universally acknowledged that trees are indispensable to us. 全世界都知道树木对我们是不可或缺的。vIt is universally acknowledged that the economic globalization is having more and more influence on our lives.写作中常用的经典句型writingv

11、There is no doubt that our educational system leaves something to be desired. 毫无疑问，我们的教育制度令人不满意。vThere is no doubt that peace and development have become the essential aspects in our modern times. 毫无疑问，和平与发展已经成为当今时代的主流。写作中常用的经典句型writingvAn advantage of using the solar energy is that it wont create (

12、produce) any pollution.vAn advantage of keeping pets is that pets can become peoples good companions.写作中常用的经典句型writingvThe reason why we have to grow trees is that they can provide us with fresh air.vThe reason why people choose to make friends online is probably that they want to broaden their soci

13、al circles through Internet.写作中常用的经典句型writingvSo precious is time that we cant afford to waste it. 时间是如此珍贵，我们经不起浪费它。vSo rewarding is college life that there is nothing that I will trade for it. 写作中常用的经典句型writingvRich as our country is, the qualities of our living are by no means satisfactory.by no m

14、eans = in no way = on no account 一点也不虽然我们的国家富有，我们的生活品质绝对令人不满意。写作中常用的经典句型writingvThe harder you work, the more progress you make. 越是努力，你就会越进步。vThe more books we read, the more learned we become. 我们书读越多，我们就越有学问。写作中常用的经典句型writingvBy taking exercise, we can always stay healthy. 凭借运动，我们能够始终保持健康。vBy being

15、 friendly to others, we will make all kinds of friends wherever we go.写作中常用的经典句型writingvListening to music enable us to feel relaxed. 听音乐使我们能够感觉轻松。vReading extensively will enable us to acquire all kinds of knowledge from books.写作中常用的经典句型writingvOn no account can we ignore the value of knowledge. 我们

16、绝对不能忽略知识的价值。vOn no account shall we disregard the existence and dignity of others.写作中常用的经典句型writingvIt is time the authorities concerned took proper steps to solve the traffic problems. 该是有关当局采取适当的措施来解决交通问题的时候了。vIt is high time that we realized the negative effects of students playing PC games in cl

17、ass hours.写作中常用的经典句型writingvIt is conceivable that knowledge plays an important role in our life.vIt is obvious that the development of a nation relies much on talents and the cultivation of talents depends on education.写作中常用的经典句型writingvJust as a saying goes “give someone a rose and the fragrance r

18、emains in your hand.” So it pays to help others. 有句话说得好“给人玫瑰，手有余香”。因此，帮助别人是值得的。vIt pays to invest on education in the long run.写作中常用的经典句型writingvThe progress of the society is based on harmony. 社会的进步是以和谐为基础的。vAs is known to all, the relationship between two countries is based on equality and mutual

19、interests.写作中常用的经典句型writingvWe should spare no effort to beautify our environment. 我们应该不遗余力的美化我们的环境。vAlthough it is still a long way to go, we must spare no efforts to make our society more harmonious and developed. 写作中常用的经典句型writingvInternet is having greater influences on our lives.vIt cannot be i

20、gnored that our diets are having more significant influences on our health.写作中常用的经典句型writingvReading does good to our mind. 读书对心灵有益。vOverwork does harm to health. 工作过度对健康有害。写作中常用的经典句型writingvPollution poses a great threat to our existence. 污染对我们的生存造成一大威胁。vTerrorism has been posing a great threat to

21、the peace and stability of the world.写作中常用的经典句型writingvWe should do our utmost to achieve our goal in life. 我们应尽全力去实现我们的人生目标。 写作中常用的经典句型Writing图表作文图表作文writing图表作文写作常识图表作文写作常识1、What are they？v泛指一份数据图表： graph / chart / diagram / tablev饼图：v柱形图：v趋势曲线图：v表格图：pie chart / graphbar chart / graphcurve diagram

22、table画：画： picturewriting2、常用的描述用法、常用的描述用法 The table /chart diagram/graph shows (that) According to the table /chart diagram/graph, As (is)shown/depicted in the table /chart diagram/ graph, As can be seen from the table / chart/ diagram/ graph The table /chart/diagram/graph shows /describes /illustra

23、tes how1 The figures/statistics shows (that) It can be seen from the figures/statistics We can see from the figures/statistics It is obvious/evident/clear/apparent from the chart/ diagram/ graph figures/statistics (that) 2writing3、图表中的数据（、图表中的数据（Data）具体表达法）具体表达法u 最常用的两种表达法：最常用的两种表达法：动词+副词形式（Verb+Adv

24、erb form）to increase sharply, to drop dramatically形容词+名词形式（Adjective+Noun form）a sharp increase, a sudden drop Ex.writing表示表示数量增加、减少的句型数量增加、减少的句型The consumption of (milk) rose dramatically from 1985 to 1990.The profit increased significantly from May to June.The number of (private cars) went up shar

25、ply from 2000 to 2002.The use of solar energy climbed steadily between 1998 and 2001.There was a jump in the profit of sales in the past two years. There was a gradual increase in the amount of meat consumption between 1996 and 2000.There was a slow reduction of air pollution in the past three years

26、.3、图表中的数据（、图表中的数据（Data）具体表达法）具体表达法writing表示表示数量增加、减少的句型数量增加、减少的句型The consumption of (milk) rose dramatically from 1985 to 1990.The profit increased significantly from May to June.The number of (private cars) went up sharply from 2000 to 2002.The use of solar energy climbed steadily between 1998 and

27、2001.There was a jump in the profit of sales in the past two years. There was a gradual increase in the amount of meat consumption between 1996 and 2000.There was a slow reduction of air pollution in the past three years.3、图表中的数据（、图表中的数据（Data）具体表达法）具体表达法v. + adv.明显增长明显增长v. 显著增长显著增长v. 急剧增长急剧增长v. 稳定增长

28、稳定增长adj+n.n. 逐步增长逐步增长n. 慢慢减少慢慢减少writing段落一段落一：According to the figures given in the diagram/picture/pie chart, we can see that _ is increasing in the past _, while _ is decreasing. 段落二段落二：Possible reasons for this are as follows. (问题产生的原因) On the one hand, _. (原因一) On the other hand, _. (原因二) Furthe

29、rmore, _. (原因三) 段落三段落三： From what has been analyzed, we can draw a conclusion that _. (得出结论) As a matter of fact, with the improvements in _, the trend will go on in the future. (提出改进的方法或措施) Therefore, _. (最后再强调观点) writing 段落一：段落一：The chart gives us an overall picture of the _ (图表主题). The first thin

30、g we notice is that _ (图表最大特点). This means that as _, _(进一步说明). 段落二：段落二：We can see from the statistics given that _(图表细节一). After ving_(细节一中的第一个变化), the _Ved+幅度+时间(紧跟着的变化). The figures also tells us that _(图表细节二). (数据位置，如In the second column), we can see that _ accounts for _ (进一步描述). 段落三：段落三：Judgin

31、g from these figures, we can draw the conclusion that_(结论). The reason for this, as far as I am concerned, is that_(给出原因). / It is high time that (发出倡议) _ .writingIntroduction (Describe the picture or graph) It is obvious in the graphic/table that the rate/number/amount of Y has undergone dramatic c

32、hanges. It has gone up/grown/fallen/dropped considerably in recent years (as X varies). At the point of X1, Y reaches its peak of (多少).writing Body (Explain) : What is the reason for this change? Mainly there are (多少) reasons behind the situation reflected in the graphic/table. First of all, (第一个原因)

33、. More importantly, (第二个原因). Most important of all, (第三个原因). writingConclusion (Summarize): From the above discussions, we have enough reason to predict what will happen in the near future. The trend described in the graphic/table will continue for quite a long time (if necessary measures are not ta

34、ken) (括号里的适用于那些不太好的变化趋势). Writing句子写作常见错误分析句子写作常见错误分析writingv 一、不一致（Disagreements）v 所谓不一致不光指主谓不一致，它还包括了数的不一致、时态不一致及代词不一致等。 v病句：When one have money, he can do what he want to.vPossible Revision: Once one has money, he can do what he wants (to do).writingv二二 句子不完整（句子不完整（Sentence FragmentsSentence Frag

35、ments）v 病句：病句： Fragment: I need to find a new roommate. Because the one I have now isnt working out too well. Possible Revision: I need to find a new roommate because the one I have now isnt working out too well. writingv三三 悬垂修饰语（悬垂修饰语（Dangling ModifiersDangling Modifiers）v 所谓悬垂修饰语是指句首的短语与后面句子的所谓悬垂修饰语是指句首的短语与后面句子的逻辑关系混乱不清。逻辑关系混乱不清。v 病句：病句：To do well in college, good grades are To do well in college, good grades are essential.essential.v 改为：To do well in college, a student needs good grades. writingv四四 指代不