学术英语(社科)_Uint4含答案

1、学术英语学术英语 社科社科Academic English for Social Sciences4 4We live in a world today that is increasingly more complex. Why are the living conditions of our times so different from those of earlier times? How will our lives change in the future? These are the questions that lead us to the study of sociology

2、.The Study of Society and PeopleUnit 4The Study of Society and PeopleUnit ContentsLead-inText AText BListeningSpeakingWritingLead-inTask Listen to a talk twice and complete the following notes.Unit 4The Study of Society and People1 The questions the speaker raises in the talk are:a Why does everyone

3、 _ ? b Why cant people _?c Why is she spending her money _?d Why doesnt the government _?e Why is the state _in a _?f What about that _?2 Sociologists study _, look for _.need an SUVcarpoolon lottery ticketsinvest more in public transportationrunning a lotteryconvenience storecup of premium coffee y

4、ou boughtsocial patterns that many people shareorganized and governedroot causes of such social patterns in the way society is Text A Critical reading and thinking Difficult sentences English language for academic purpose Specialized vocabulary Collocations Formal and informal English Signpost langu

5、ageUnit 4The Study of Society and PeopleText ACritical reading and thinking of Text AUnit 4The Study of Society and People Text AnalysisHow do the authors develop the text? Tragic mass murder at Columbine High School Ethnic cleansing War in Kosovo How do the authors describe the world we live today

6、in? awash with change, marked by deep conflicts, tensions, social divisions; marked by the destructive onslaught of modern technology1 Introduce the topic of sociology by using the example.Text ACritical reading and thinking of Text AUnit 4The Study of Society and People Text Analysis2 Explain what

7、is sociology, including definition, scope, nature& objectives, content, and functions. What is sociology?Definition: the study of human social life, groups, and societies.Wide scope of sociological study: ranging from the analysis of passing encounters between individual on the street to the investi

8、gation of global social processes.How do the authors develop the text?Text ACritical reading and thinking of Text A Text AnalysislUsing the example of love to illustrate the nature and objectivities of sociology. Love expresses a mutual physical and personal attachment two individuals feel for one a

9、nother. Falling in love is an experience arising from universal human emotions.How do the authors develop the text?Unit 4The Study of Society and People2 Explain what is sociology, including definition, scope, nature& objectives, content, and functions.Text ACritical reading and thinking of Text A T

10、ext Analysis Romantic love (Para 7)Among both rich and poor, the decision of whom to marry wasmade by family and kin. e.g. India (Para 8)However falling in love is not an experience most people across the world have; and having no connection with marriage. e.g. In the Middle age and for centuries af

11、ter ward (Para. 6) How do the authors develop the text?Unit 4The Study of Society and People2 Explain what is sociology, including definition, scope, nature& objectives, content, and functions.Text ACritical reading and thinking of Text A Text AnalysislContent:Sociology studies human life and social

12、 and historical influences on it. Sociology shows the need to take a much broader view of why we are as we are, and why we act as we do. How do the authors develop the text?Unit 4The Study of Society and People2 Explain what is sociology, including definition, scope, nature& objectives, content, and

13、 functions.Text ACritical reading and thinking of Text A Text Analysise.g. comparison between common people and sociologists in explaining the mass murder. Common peoplesociologistsThe two teens were obsessed with the video game.Many commentators denounced the easy availability of weapons.Others saw

14、 the tragedy as a symbol of the emptiness of suburban life.Look beyond the surface of their actions;Study the social context;Compare this tragedy with other mass murders to see if there was a pattern in the group characteristics (social class, race, gender, age, or cultural background);How do the au

15、thors develop the text?Unit 4The Study of Society and People2 Explain what is sociology, including definition, scope, nature& objectives, content, and functions.Text ACritical reading and thinking of Text A Text AnalysislFunctions sociology serves: show us the need to look beyond the surface of peop

16、les actions and study the social context; teach us to try to identify general patterns of behavior and be systematic in explaining the social influences on these patterns. How do the authors develop the text?Unit 4The Study of Society and People2 Explain what is sociology, including definition, scop

17、e, nature& objectives, content, and functions.Text ACritical reading and thinking of Text A Text AnalysisHow do the authors develop the text?3 Explain how to think sociologically How to think sociologically? cultivate the sociological imagination. Thats to say: “Think ourselves away from the familia

18、r routines of our daily lives in order to look at them anew.”Unit 4The Study of Society and PeopleText ADifficult sentencesUnit 4The Study of Society and Peoplelpassing encounters (Para. 3) a short accidental meetinglThe opinions of prospective marriage partners are quite often taken into account, b

19、ut by no means always. (Para. 8) In India, when parents arrange marriages they often listen to the opinions of their children, but sometimes they just do not consider their childrens wishes.Text ADifficult sentencesUnit 4The Study of Society and PeoplelNeither romantic love, then, nor its associatio

20、n with marriage, can be understood as “given” features of human life. Rather, it has been shaped by broad social and historical influences. (Para. 9) Nowadays the idea of romantic love and its association with marriage is taken for granted as if it has always been like that. In fact it is not always

21、 the case and has suffered changes throughout history.Text ADifficult sentencesUnit 4The Study of Society and PeoplelA sociologist is someone who is able to break free from the immediacy of personal circumstances and put things in a wider context. (Para. 13) (结合最后一句理解结合最后一句理解) A sociologist must lea

22、rn to detach himself/herself to think ourselves away in order to observe things in a context wider than his/her own personal situations and arrive at fresh understandings. Specialized vocabulary social division social beingintellectual lifehuman emotionsocial classText AEnglish language for academic

23、 purposeUnit 4The Study of Society and People社会分工社会分工社会人社会人精神生活精神生活人类情感人类情感社会阶级社会阶级Specialized vocabulary 人类社会生活人类社会生活全球社会进程全球社会进程婚姻幸福婚姻幸福公共场所公共场所社会环境社会环境行为模式行为模式文化背景文化背景Text AEnglish language for academic purposeUnit 4The Study of Society and Peopleglobal social processmarital happinesspublic place

24、ssocial contextpatterns of behaviorcultural backgroundhuman social life CollocationsText AEnglish language for academic purposebe awash withcontrol our destinyshape our livesbe skeptical ofin the form of marriagekeep property in the hands of familyin privatein the aftermath of easy availability of s

25、th.a wide array of evidenceUnit 4The Study of Society and PeopleSignpost languageListingIt presents a list of items in no specific order.Text AEnglish language for academic purposeUnit 4The Study of Society and PeopleDo the task on Page 76.Words that signal a listing pattern:Words that predict a lis

26、ting pattern:and, also, another, in addition to, first, second, third, firstly, secondly, finally, lastlycategories, kinds, types, ways, examples, groups, parts, etc.Formal and informal EnglishText AEnglish language for academic purposeUnit 4The Study of Society and PeopleSee Page 76.Task 1 The tree

27、 diagram below shows how the authors develop the text about the study of sociology. Fill in the blanks according to the text.Text ASuggested answersCritical reading and thinkingUnit 4The Study of Society and PeopleUsing the example of _.mass murder at Columbine High SchoolThe study of sociologyIntro

28、ducing the topic of sociologyTask 1 The tree diagram below shows how the authors develop the text about the study of sociology. Fill in the blanks according to the text.Text ASuggested answersCritical reading and thinkingUnit 4The Study of Society and PeopleSociology is the study of _.Using the exam

29、ple of _ to illustrate the _ of sociology.love nature and objectives The study of sociologyWhat is sociologyhuman social life, groups, and societiesTask 1 The tree diagram below shows how the authors develop the text about the study of sociology. Fill in the blanks according to the text.Text ASugges

30、ted answersCritical reading and thinkingUnit 4The Study of Society and PeopleSociology studies _ influences.The study of sociologyWhat does sociology study?social historicalTask 1 The tree diagram below shows how the authors develop the text about the study of sociology. Fill in the blanks according

31、 to the text.Text ASuggested answersCritical reading and thinkingUnit 4The Study of Society and PeopleSociology shows people the need to _.Sociology teaches people to _ and be systematic in explaining _.behavioral patternsThe study of sociologyWhat function does sociology serve?peoples actions look

32、beyond the surface of identify general patterns of behaviorthe social influences on these Task 1 The tree diagram below shows how the authors develop the text about the study of sociology. Fill in the blanks according to the text.Text ASuggested answersCritical reading and thinkingUnit 4The Study of

33、 Society and PeopleCultivate _; “think ourselves away” from _.them anewThe study of sociologyHow to think sociologically?the imaginationthe familiar routines of our daily lives in order to look at Task 2 Answer the following questions.Text ASuggested answersCritical reading and thinkingUnit 4The Stu

34、dy of Society and People1 How does the author describe the world we live in today?2 Why does the author raise the three questions in Paragraph 2?3 Why do people fall in love according to the authors?4 Why did men and women marry in the Middle Ages?The author describes that the world we live in today

35、 is intensely worrying, yet full of the most extraordinary promise for the future.The author wants to show us what is the prime concern of sociology.Because love expresses mutual physical and personal attachment two individuals feel for one another.Mainly in order to keep property in the hands of fa

36、mily or to raise children to work the family farm.Task 2 Answer the following questions.Text ASuggested answersCritical reading and thinkingUnit 4The Study of Society and People5 Where did romantic love make its first appearance?6 How were the relations between husband and wife among aristocratic gr

37、oups?Its first appearance made in courtly circles.The relations are cool and distant. Task 2 Answer the following questions.Text ASuggested answersCritical reading and thinkingUnit 4The Study of Society and People7 What is basic to the sociological outlook?8 What are the differences between ordinary

38、 people and sociologists in explaining the mass murder at Columbine High School?Understanding the subtle yet complex and profound ways in which our individual lives reflect the contexts of our social experience is basic to the sociological outlook.Ordinary peoples explanations focus on the social ca

39、uses of violence in the United States, whereas sociologists can bring an even deeper understanding. For example, sociologists might study other mass murders and consider if there was a pattern in the group characteristics.Task 3 In Paragraph 12, the authors roughly explain how a sociologist would st

40、udy the Columbine High School massacre. Suppose you were a sociologist, work in pairs and examine the case. You may:Text ASuggested answersCritical reading and thinkingUnit 4The Study of Society and People1 Search the Internet for more information about the mass murder, the U.S. young generation, th

41、eir living conditions etc.2 Explore the case like a sociologist.3 Have a discussion about it with your partner.4 Report your findings to the class.Task 4 Consider the simple act of a Chinese drinking a cup of coffee. Work in pairs and explore the behavior from a sociologists view. Think about:Text A

42、Suggested answersCritical reading and thinkingUnit 4The Study of Society and People What is coffee? What does it symbolize?Coffee is not just a refreshment. It possesses symbolic value as part of our day-to-day social activities. Often the ritual associated with coffee drinking is much more importan

43、t than the act of consuming the drink itself. Two people who arrange to meet for coffee are probably more interested in getting together and chatting than in what they actually drink.Task 4 Consider the simple act of a Chinese drinking a cup of coffee. Work in pairs and explore the behavior from a s

44、ociologists view. Think about:Text ASuggested answersCritical reading and thinkingUnit 4The Study of Society and People What are the relations between coffee drinkers and the people involved in the production, transport, and distribution of coffee?An individual who drinks a cup of coffee is caught u

45、p in a complicated set of social and economic relationships stretching across the world. The production, transport, and distribution of coffee require continuous transactions between people thousands of miles away from the coffee drinker. Studying such global transactions is an important task of soc

46、iology, since many aspects of our lives are now affected by worldwide social influences and communications.Task 4 Consider the simple act of a Chinese drinking a cup of coffee. Work in pairs and explore the behavior from a sociologists view. Think about:Text ASuggested answersCritical reading and th

47、inkingUnit 4The Study of Society and PeopleWhat does the Chinese peoples act of sipping a cup of coffee remind you of? (e.g. social and economic development, Western lifestyles, origin of coffee etc.)The act of sipping a cup of coffee presumes a whole process of past social and economic development.

48、 Along with other now-familiar items of Western diets like tea, bananas, potatoes, and white sugar coffee only became widely consumed from the late 1800s. Although the drink originated in the Middle East, its mass consumption dates from the period of Western colonial expansion about a century and a

49、half ago.Language building-upText ASuggested answersTask 1 Specialized vocabulary1Translate the following sociological terms from English into Chinese or vice versa.Unit 4The Study of Society and People1 social division2 social being3 intellectual life4 human emotion5 social class6 人类的社会生活人类的社会生活社会分

50、工社会分工社会人社会人精神生活精神生活人类情感人类情感社会阶级社会阶级human social lifeLanguage building-upText ASuggested answersTask 1 Specialized vocabulary1Translate the following sociological terms from English into Chinese or vice versa.Unit 4The Study of Society and People7 全球的社会进程全球的社会进程8 婚姻幸福婚姻幸福9 公共场所公共场所10 和他人交往和他人交往11 社会环

51、境社会环境12 行为模式行为模式13 文化背景文化背景socialize with othersglobal social processmarital happinesscultural background public placessocial contextpatterns of behaviorLanguage building-upText ASuggested answersTask 1 Specialized vocabulary2Complete the following sentences with the correct form of the terms in the

52、 box.Unit 4The Study of Society and Peoplecultural background intellectual life marital happinesspattern of behavior public place social class1 This study examines the effects of _ on the acceptation of information and communications technology in developing countries.2 _ is a judgment made by a spo

53、use that indicates the sense of well-being or satisfaction he or she experiences in the marital relationship.3 When sociologists talk of _, they refer to a group of individuals who occupy a similar position in the economic system of production.cultural background Marital happinesssocial classLanguag

54、e building-upText ASuggested answersTask 1 Specialized vocabulary2Complete the following sentences with the correct form of the terms in the box.Unit 4The Study of Society and Peoplecultural background intellectual life marital happinesspattern of behavior public place social class4 If we understand

55、 that a child works to perfect the adult she or he will become, then we must look at the _ that emerge in childhood as indicators of the adult personality.5 It is now common practice for smoking to be banned in workplaces suchas offices and in other enclosed _ such as cinemas, buses and trains.6 Yal

56、e Law School enhances the _ of its academic community by sponsoring a variety of centers, programs, and workshops, inspired by the interests of its faculty and students.pattern of behavior public placesintellectual life Language building-upText ASuggested answersTask 2 Signpost languageComplete the

57、sentences with the words and expressions listed above. There may be more than one correct answer.Unit 4The Study of Society and People1 A new security system was installed. _, extra guards were hired.2 _, I would like to thank all those people who helped make the conference such a success.3 _ catchi

58、ng errors, object-oriented systems can shelter the user from the complexity of dealing with lots of different kinds of data.4 _, Jack would not allow it, and _, I dont think mom would like it much either.In additionFinallyIn addition tosecondFirstLanguage building-upText ASuggested answersTask 2 Sig

59、npost languageComplete the sentences with the words and expressions listed above. There may be more than one correct answer.Unit 4The Study of Society and People5 Here are some quick hints that can help make revision easier. _, set your first draft aside for a while. You can then come back to the dr

60、aft with a fresh, more objective point of view. _, in revising a paper, you should read and reread it several times, for it is impossible to notice all the errors and things that need changing in one or two hasty readings. _, as you read your paper, add your thoughts and changes above the lines or i