高三虚拟语气复习

1、2014年年9月月20日日Read and distinguish the mood China is a developing country. What do you think is the most effective way to learn English well? Never be late again! If I were a bird, I would be able to fly in the air.1. 陈述语气（陈述语气（the Declarative mood)2. 疑问语气疑问语气(the Interrogative mood)3. 祈使语气祈使语气(the I

2、mperative mood)4. 虚拟语气虚拟语气 (the Subjunctive mood)语气语气(moods)虚拟语气虚拟语气 说话人的说话人的主观愿望主观愿望, ,猜疑猜疑, , 建议建议或与事或与事实不符的实不符的假设假设，不是客观存在的事实。，不是客观存在的事实。 是由是由谓语动词谓语动词在从句的在从句的特殊形式特殊形式表示表示出来的。出来的。指导指导P83 知识复现知识复现知识归纳知识归纳In the past, if I had wanted to see them, I would have had to visit them in person.I suppose I

3、was a bit lazy and now I wish I had done more work, especially in maths.I felt as if I had done something wrong.1.虚拟语气在虚拟语气在if if条件句中的应用条件句中的应用 2. 虚拟语气在从虚拟语气在从句的应用句的应用1. 1. 虚拟语气在虚拟语气在if if条件句中的应用条件句中的应用 1) 1) 三种形式三种形式与现在的事实相反与现在的事实相反 过去的事实相反过去的事实相反 与将来的事实相反与将来的事实相反2) 2) 省略省略if if的情况的情况3) 3) 介词短语代替介词

4、短语代替if if 从句从句4) 4) 含蓄条件句含蓄条件句与何时事实相反与何时事实相反if if从句从句主句主句现在现在过去过去将来将来1. 1. 虚拟语气在虚拟语气在if if条件句中的应用条件句中的应用 1) 1) 三种形式三种形式did( were) would/could/should/might +dohad done would/could/should/might +have donedidwere to doshould dowould/could/should/might +do情态动词加原形，情态动词加原形，现在将来可通用。现在将来可通用。主句情态加完成，主句情态加完成，

5、表示过去要记清。表示过去要记清。过去现在从句中，过去现在从句中，时态统一向后行。时态统一向后行。将来时间有例外，将来时间有例外，were to /should要明白要明白 虚拟条件主句和从句的动作发生的时间不一致虚拟条件主句和从句的动作发生的时间不一致,因因此此,主句和从句的谓语动词要根据主句和从句的谓语动词要根据各自所指的不同各自所指的不同时间时间选择适当的动词形式选择适当的动词形式 If I were you, I would not have missed the film last night. If they had started in the early morning, the

6、y would arrive in an hour. If you had asked him when you saw him last time, you would know what to do now. 1. 1. 虚拟语气在虚拟语气在if if条件句中的应用条件句中的应用 1) 1) 三种形式三种形式-错综条件错综条件句句( (现在现在-过去过去) ) ( (过去过去-将来将来) ) ( (过去过去-现在现在) ) 91. It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I _ in love, at the

7、age of seven, with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown. A. wouldnt have fallen B. had not fallen C. should fall D. were to fallB. had not fallen 2. I did not attend the lecture by Pro. Jackson. I _ but I _ all this morning. A. would, have washed B. could, have been washing C. would have, have bee

8、n washing D. could have, had washed C. would have, have been washing Should I be given the opportunity to travel to the past, I would like to go back to Qing Dynasty of early 20th century when China was in a disaster. Were I back in the late Qing , I would make every endeavor to rescue China from th

9、e foreign invaders and prevent it from being bullied without resistance. Firstly, I would teach my modern theory and knowledge to the governors, instructing them to fight against the enemies and construct powerful armies. Secondly, all the citizens would be called on to unite together and resist oth

10、er countries invasion bravely. Whats more, joining some anti-invaders parties would also be my choice.1. 1. 虚拟语气在虚拟语气在if if条件句中的应用条件句中的应用 2) 2) 省略省略if 虚拟条件句中有虚拟条件句中有were, had, should时时, 可把可把if省略省略,用倒装结构，主要用于书面语中用倒装结构，主要用于书面语中-Were, Had, Should+主语主语, .Had it not been for your help, I would have faile

11、d the exam.Were I you, I would sell the broken bicycle instead of repairing it.Should it rain tomorrow, the sports meet would be put off. What would have happened ,_, as far as the riverbank? A. Bob had walked farther B. if Bob should walk farther C. had Bob walked farther D. if Bob walked fartherC.

12、 had Bob walked farther _it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge. A. Were B. Should C. Would D. Will B. ShouldHad you done as I told you, you_ .A. would succeed B. would have succeeded C. were to succeed D. should succeed nB. would have succeeded Without teachers, t

13、he laborious engineers of our soul, Ss personalities and characters would not be shaped. Without teachers, the ladder with selfless devotion, our heart would not be lifted up by encouragement and grow mature. Without teachers, the sparking lighthouse in the ocean of knowledge, never could teenagers

14、find access to the successful life in the future.1. 1. 虚拟语气在虚拟语气在if if条件句中的应用条件句中的应用 3) 3) 介词短语代替介词短语代替if if 从句从句 用用with , without, but for ,except(but) that代代替条件状语从句替条件状语从句 What would you do with a million dollars (if you had a million dollars?) We would not have finished the word on time without y

15、our help (=if you had not helped us) But for the rain, (if it had not been for the rain,) we would have finished the work Liz would have run, except that she didnt want to appear to be in a hurry.(要不是）要不是）1. Without electricity, human life _quite difficult today. A. is B. will be C. would have been

16、D. would be D. would be2. _your help, I _the exam A. Without, will fail B. If not , will fail C. But for, would have failed D. If it is not for, would have failed C. But for, would have failed虚拟条件句中并非总是有虚拟条件句中并非总是有if从句存在。从句存在。虚拟条件句的虚拟条件句的if从句被从句被otherwise, or 等取代。等取代。有时有时if从句的含义还可通过上下文来暗示。从句的含义还可通过上

17、下文来暗示。 I would do anything for her (if I could). We would have made a lot of money (but we gave up halfway) . I was ill in bed the other day. Otherwise, I would have been the first to congratulate you on your success.4) 4) 含蓄条件句含蓄条件句1. 1. 虚拟语气在虚拟语气在if if条件句中的应用条件句中的应用 1. We took a taxi to the airpor

18、t. Otherwise we _late that day. A. would be B. were C. will be D. would have been D. would have been2. We didnt know his telephone number; otherwise we _ him A. would have telephoned B. must have telephoned C. would telephone D. had telephoned A. would have telephoned2. 虚拟语气在从句的应用虚拟语气在从句的应用1) 1) 宾语从

19、句宾语从句2) 2) 表语从句表语从句/ /同位语从句同位语从句3) 3) 主语从句主语从句4) 4) 定语从句定语从句5) 5) 状语从句状语从句与何时事实相反与何时事实相反宾语从句动词宾语从句动词主语主语+ +wish +(that) 主语主语+现在现在过去过去将来将来2. 虚拟语气在从句的应用虚拟语气在从句的应用宾语从句宾语从句-1) wish后宾语从句的虚拟语气后宾语从句的虚拟语气 did( were)/were doinghad donewould/should/might +do“可惜可惜” ” “悔不该悔不该” ” “但愿但愿”1. Janes pale face suggest

20、ed that she _ ill, and her parents suggested that she _ a medical examination. A. be; should have B. was; have C. should be; have D. was; hasB. was; have2. I wish I _ my uncle yesterday.A. met B. would meet C. have met D. had met3. How I wish every family _a large house with a beautiful garden. A. h

21、as B. had C. will have D. had had 4. How the old people wish that they _ young once more. A. were B. could become C. had been D. should be D. had metB. hadB. could become If I could go back to the past and do the above mentioned things, the last thing my grandpa remembered would not be the indiffere

22、nce and the back of his beloved grandson. If I could travel back through time, the last memory between him and me would not be his closed eyes and the dead look of half-unconscious suffering. Then now, I would not have to live with this unbearable regret and pain for the rest of my life. If only I c

23、ould !2. 虚拟语气在从句的应用虚拟语气在从句的应用宾语从句宾语从句-1) wish后宾语从句的虚拟语气后宾语从句的虚拟语气 常用常用if only转换转换If only I were a flying bird.If only I had hit the books.2. 虚拟语气在从句的应用虚拟语气在从句的应用宾语从句宾语从句-2)表示表示要求、建议、命令要求、建议、命令的动词后的动词后宾语从句的虚拟语气宾语从句的虚拟语气 +that+ 主语主语+(should) do 一个坚持一个坚持,两个命令两个命令,三个建议三个建议,四个要求四个要求 1. insist 2. order, c

24、ommand 3. advise, suggest, propose 4. demand , require, request, desire 这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气用法。即从句中的动词用用法。即从句中的动词用 (should )+ 动词原形动词原形注：注：insist &suggest 注意注意:当当suggest表示表示show时时,不用虚拟语气不用虚拟语气,用陈述语气用陈述语气.如如: The smile on her face suggested (showed) that she was satisfied with our work

25、. 当当insist表示表示 “say firmly” “强调强调”之意时之意时, 不用虚拟语气不用虚拟语气,用陈述语气用陈述语气. 如如: The man insisted that he had never stolen the money. I insisted _to see a doctor, but he insisted nothing _ wrong with him. A. on him to go; should be B. he went; be C. he go; was D. he should go; is C. he go; was Mikes father, a

26、s well as his mother, insisted he _home . A. stayed B. could stay C. has stayed D. stay D. stay_ be sent to work there?A. Who do you suggestB. Whom do you suggest that should C. Do you suggest who should D. Do you suggest whom shouldA. Who do you suggest2. 虚拟语气在从句的应用虚拟语气在从句的应用3) 主语从句主语从句在主语从句中，谓语动词在

27、主语从句中，谓语动词“should+do”，表示，表示惊奇，不相信，惋惜，理应如此等含义惊奇，不相信，惋惜，理应如此等含义,译成译成“竟然，应该竟然，应该” It is ordered/ desired/ decided/ requested /proposed that +主主+should It is necessary/ strange/important/natural/ that +主主+should It is a pity /a shame / no wonder that +主主+should It is desired that we should get everythin

28、g ready tonight It is strange that he _back so early A. came B. will come C. had come D. should have come D. should have come It is necessary that he _to the lab right now A. come B. came C. would come D. is coming A. come2. 虚拟语气在从句的应用虚拟语气在从句的应用4) 定语从句定语从句 it is (high) time that .句型中句型中, 从从句的谓语动词用句的

29、谓语动词用过去式过去式,或或should +动词原形动词原形, 其中其中should不能省掉不能省掉.如如: It is time that you went to school. It is time that we should start out. 2. 虚拟语气在从句的应用虚拟语气在从句的应用5) 状语从句状语从句- as if /as though 1) 从句所设想的时间与主句动作同时发生从句所设想的时间与主句动作同时发生,从句从句动词用动词用did (be用用were) It looks as if she were sick. 2) 从句所设想的时间动作于主句谓语发生从句所设想的

30、时间动作于主句谓语发生,从句从句动词用动词用had+过去分词过去分词. 如如: I feel as if we had known each other for years. He talks about pyramids as though he had seen them himself . The two strangers talked as if they _ friends for years. A. should be B. would be C. have been D. had beenD. had been as if /as though 后用后用陈述陈述语气语气 It

31、looks as if it is going to rain. It seems as if we shall have to walk. The milk smells as if it is sour. The meat tastes as if it has already gone bad.目的状语从句目的状语从句in order that/so that They left early for fear that they would meet him. He looked down so that he should not see your eyes. I wanted her

32、 to take this job so that she would be occupied.(有事可做）有事可做） I hired a boat so that I could go fishing. Speak clearly so that they may understand you.目的状语从句目的状语从句 in case In case 从句中可以跟一般现在时，一般过从句中可以跟一般现在时，一般过去时或者去时或者should, 但是不能跟但是不能跟would或或will. Write it down in case you forget (not in case you wil

33、l forget.) I had a snack, just in case there was no time ( not in case there would be no time) to eat later. Heres a contact number, in case there should (not would/will) be a problem. 让步状语从句让步状语从句 Whatever be the reasons for their action, we cannot tolerate such disloyalty（不忠）（不忠） Poor though you m

34、ight be, you cannot live all your life on charity. ( 救济）救济） Whether he be right or wrong, he will have my support. _ I will marry him all the same A. Were he rich or poor B. Be he rich or poor C. Whether rich or poor D. Being rich or poor nB. Be he rich or poor 其它其它 ： 虚拟语气在简单句中的运用虚拟语气在简单句中的运用 would rather &had