英语：阅读理解主旨归纳解题技巧

1、Welcome to our class!做好阅读理解，我做好阅读理解，我们要具备哪些能力？们要具备哪些能力？1、细节理解题、细节理解题2、词义猜测题、词义猜测题3、推理判断题、推理判断题4、主旨归纳题、主旨归纳题5. 作者意图、态度题作者意图、态度题6. 文章结构题文章结构题阅读理解考察题型：阅读理解考察题型：主旨归纳题主旨归纳题Question forms: 1. The main topic/subject of the passage is _.2. What is mainly discussed in the text/* paragraph？3. What is the main

2、 idea of the passage？4. The purpose of this passage is _.5. The passage mainly focused on _.6. What would be the best title/topic/headline of the text？主题句定位法主题句定位法一个段落或一篇文章一般主题只能有一个，其一个段落或一篇文章一般主题只能有一个，其他的内容都起说明、论证作用。段落中其它的他的内容都起说明、论证作用。段落中其它的句子或文章的其它段落是用来句子或文章的其它段落是用来解释、支撑或发解释、支撑或发展展主题句所表述的主题思想。主题句

3、所表述的主题思想。其他解题技巧其他解题技巧 1. 正向法：速读文章，找主题句或自己概正向法：速读文章，找主题句或自己概括主题，从选项中找出最符合的。括主题，从选项中找出最符合的。 2.逆向法：假设题目中的选项为标题，其写逆向法：假设题目中的选项为标题，其写法是否与所给文章一致。法是否与所给文章一致。 3.统计法：有些段落文章有多个句子段落，统计法：有些段落文章有多个句子段落，各句段主题可能完全不同，此时应选择涉各句段主题可能完全不同，此时应选择涉及最多的选项。及最多的选项。干扰项的陷阱 1.以偏概全，干扰项故意片面地理解文章，以偏概全，干扰项故意片面地理解文章，把文章中出现过的某一个观点当成整

4、篇文章把文章中出现过的某一个观点当成整篇文章的主题。的主题。 2. 放大或缩小文章的主题，把文章的主题放大或缩小文章的主题，把文章的主题进行放大或者缩小。进行放大或者缩小。 3. 偷换概念，文章讲的主题被换成相关但偷换概念，文章讲的主题被换成相关但不同的主题。不同的主题。Lets practiceHow to get the main idea of a paragrapha paragraph?1 Smoking cigarettes is harmful to your Experiments show that cigarette smoking can cause cancer. Be

5、sides the most serious and terrible disease(illness), cancer, cigarette smoking also can cause other health problems. For example, it can give one a “smokers cough”. Finally, studies have shown it is easy for cigarette smokers to catch colds. Whether you get an unimportant cold or terrible killer, c

6、ancer, smoking is harmful. Is it worth it? （1.5分钟） A. Smoking can cause cancer. B. Smoking is a terrible killer C. Smoking is harmful to our health. D. An experiment on smoking. Smoking cigarettes is harmful to your health.Practice：2 Often no one looks more guilty than the innocent. On the other han

7、d, nobody may look more innocent than a professional criminal. And the man who knows “everything” may really only be trying to hide his own weakness. So, it is foolish to try to judge a person only by his appearance. （1分钟）分钟）What is the main idea of the passage? A. A professional criminal looks more

8、 innocent than others. B. Dont judge others by appearance. So, it is foolish totry to judge a person only by his appearance 3 If you were planning to buy a television set, the following advertisement would certainly draw your attention: “Color TV. Only 79. Two days sale. Hu- -rry.” However, when you

9、 go to the store ready to buy. You may discover that they are sold out. But the shop assistant is quick to tell you that he has another model. A much better set which is “just right for you” It costs 395. This sales method is called “bait and switch”. Buyers are baited with a sales advertisement, an

10、d then they are switched to another more expensive one. (2.5分分钟钟) The paragraph could be entitled _. A. Buying A TV Set B. A Selling Method C. Buyer Beware D. TV On Sale This sales method is called “bait and switch”.(detail)(detail)(detail)诱售法诱售法 4 A couple of years ago I took the family on a winter

11、 vacation to New York city to experience the holiday atmosphere. The longest lines that week werent in the hall of the empire state building, at the Statue of Liberty ferry or any of New Yorks other landmarks, but in the square at Fifth avenue and 58 Street, where the crowd to get into FAO Schwarz (

12、a toy store )snaked around the block. The author wants to tell us _ in this Para. A. the distribution of people. B. the poor traffic conditions. C. the popularity of a toy store D. the nice holiday atmosphere. How to get the main idea of a passagea passage?5 Magellans men were the first to make the

13、trip around the world. It took them more than two years to do so by ship. Magellan was from Portugal, but he sailed for the King of Spain. On September 20, 1519, he left Spain with five ships and 240 men. After passing the trip of South America, they reached the Pacific Ocean, on which they sailed m

14、ore than one year. Very often they could not see a piece of land for months and they suffered greatly from the lack of food and fresh water. Many of them died of hunger and diseases. They even had to live on sawdust. Finally in April 1521, Magellan got to the Philippine Islands, where he was killed.

15、 His men fled and continued their voyage across the Indian Ocean. It was with the greatest difficulty that they passed the Cape of Good Hope. By the time they returned to Spain on December 21,1521, seven out of every eight men had died. Magellans voyage proved that men could sail around the world an

16、d that our earth is but a huge ball. （4分钟）分钟） Which of the following do you think is the best title for this passage? A. Magellans death B. Going Around The World C. The World Is Round D. Magellans Voyage Magellans men were the first to make the trip around the world. It took them more than two year

17、s to do so by ship.Magellans voyage was the first trip around the world . Magellan was from Portugal, but he sailed for the King of Spain. On September 20, 1519, he left Spain with five ships and 240 men. After passing the tip of South America, they reached the Pacific Ocean, on which they sailed mo

18、re than one year. Very often they could not see a piece of land for months and they suffered greatly from the lack of food and fresh water. Many of them died of hunger and diseases. They even had to live on sawdust. Finally in April 1521, Magellan got to the Philippine Islands, where he was killed.

19、His men fled and continued their voyage across the Indian Ocean. It was with the greatest difficulty that they passed the Cape of Good Hope. By the time they returned to Spain on December 21,1521, seven out of every eight men had died.The process of Magellans long difficult voyage Magellans voyage p

20、roved that men could sail around the world and that our earth is but a huge ball. Magellans voyage proved the earth is round. Magellans men were the first to make the trip around the world. It took them more than two years to do so by ship. Magellan was from Portugal, but he sailed for the King of S

21、pain. On September 20, 1519, he left Spain with five ships and 240 men. After passing the tip of South America, they reached the Pacific Ocean, on which they sailed more than one year. Very often they could not see a piece of land for months and they suffered greatly from the lack of food and fresh

22、water. Many of them died of hunger and diseases. They even had to live on sawdust. Finally in April 1521, Magellan got to the Philippine Islands, where he was killed. His men fled and continued their voyage across the Indian Ocean. It was with the greatest difficulty that they passed the Cape of Goe

23、d Hope. By the time they returned to Spain on December 21,1521, seven out of every eight men had died. Magellans voyage proved that men could sail around the world and that our earth is but a huge ball.Paragraph 1: Magellans voyage was the first trip around the world .Paragraph 2: The process of Mag

24、ellans long difficult voyageParagraph 3: Magellans voyaged proved the earth is round.Magellans voyage6 Magellans men were the first to make the trip around the world. It took them more than two years to do so by ship. Magellan was from Portugal, but he sailed for the King of Spain. On September 20, 1519, he left Spain with five ships and 240 men. After passing the trip of South America, they reached the Pacific Ocean, on which they sailed more than one year. Very often they could not see a piec