今年的大众传媒的影响和力量

1、I bought a colour TV last week, but itis not work ing now.news. Thishas great advantages, but it alsoraises 今年的大众传媒的影响和力量The power and influence of themedia大众传媒的影响和力量Two hundred years ago , it took several weeks for thenews of the important Battle of Trafalgar to reach London.Nowadays, you can watch

2、 a terror ist attack as it happens anywhere in the world. The communications revolution means that we are constantly bombarded with instant important questions.两百年前，重要的特拉法加战役的消息到达伦敦要花好几周的时间。今天，你可以在事发当时看到世界上任何一个地方正在发生的恐怖袭击。通讯革命意味着我们正不断地受到即时新闻的轰击。这有好处，但也引发了一些问题。ago通常都跟一般过去时连用；另外还有 last *，女口：I lived he

3、re ten years ago, but now I am living in the city. 句型 “It takes(took) sb. some time to do sth.做某事需要某人多少时间”如：It will take me a mon th to fin ish the task.我将要一个月来完成这个任务。It took me an hour to go to school from home.我从家至 U学校花了一个小时。这个句型有时候可以用动词spend来表达，如上面两个句子：I will spe nd a month on the task.I spe nt a

4、n hour going to school from home. mean:What do you mean?你什么意思？Don t laugh, I mean it.不要笑，我是说真的(不是开玩笑)。He means trouble.他存心闹事。Your friendship means a lot to me.你和我的友谊对我意义重大。 be bombarded with受轰炸的，受包围的 instant快速的，立刻的：instant food快餐，instant photo即拍即有的相片 raise举起，提起，升起（及物动词，后面需带宾语），|rise升起，提高（不及物动词，后面不带宾

5、语）如: He raised his voice so that every one could hear him.他把声音提高以使得每个人都能听得到他。The sun is rising （ from the east）.太阳正（从东方）升起来。（这 里from the east是一个状语，并非rising的宾语）。|He raised himself to shake hands with the doctor 他站起来跟医生握手。The doctor rose to greet him.那个医生站起来跟他打招呼。卫星使全球报道成为可能。一位记者能将新闻传到如哥伦比亚新闻网这样的网络上，那

6、么只要几秒钟全世界都会知道这则新闻。卫星将电子报道直接传送到报纸或电视屏幕。记者们现在可以通过移动电话来传输图象。其结果是，现场报道成为了一种标准。 看电视的人们可以清楚地了解一种自然灾害、一场冲突或一项有趣的科学发现是什么样的。en-当前缀，“置之中：encage关入笼中；配以:enchain; 致使：enlarge 放大，使扩大，enrich 使富有，endanger 使濒临危险；in或加强的意思：enregister登记，enbed在床 上”through穿过，贯穿；从头到尾，彻底强大的新闻网的数量是有限的，而它们的所有权问题是有争议的。24 -are hungry forHe was

7、running through the street.他跑着穿过条条街 道。The sun light goes through the wi ndow. 阳光穿过窗口。I haven read through the book yet. 我还没看完这本书。Youe through now.你的电话接通了。We have been friends so long I know you through and through .咱们是多年的朋友，我对你十分了解。be through with sb. 结束了shes through with her new boy-frie nd.她跟新男朋友吹

8、了。consequently ， as a result表示因果关系的连接词In recent years, several changes have occurred in the ownership of news media. Networks （原文省略了 which are） owned by large companies and governments have become bigger and very powerful. These networks -such as BBC Newsnews and have huge audiences. However,there c

9、an only be a limited number of such networks and Itheir ownership is a big issue.近几年来，新闻媒体的所有权发生了一些变化。大公司和政府所拥有的网络正越来越强大。这些网络，例如英国广播公司的新闻24,正渴望得到新闻，拥有庞大的受众。但这样happe n, take place, occur者E有“发生”之意，都是不及物动词或短语，不能用于被动语态。但occur还有“存在、被发现、出现”occur是比较正式的用语，可用于具体或抽象的事物， 通常指按计划或规律在较为确定的时间 发生”的事，在表示 具体的事物时，可与ha

10、ppen换用。如：rm afraid that this would occur during myabsence rm afraid that this would happen during my absence.恐怕这事会在我不在时发生。但是，如果表示 某想法”出现在人的头脑之中，这时不能用happen代替。Dose it ever occur to you that I am sometimesthinking?我时不时想的那件事你是不是也曾再你头脑中出现过？happen常指具体事件的发生，特别指那些偶然的或未 能预见的发生”。比如：New things are happening a

11、ll around us.我们身边总有新事发生。Happen还可表示碰巧；恰好”之意。如：It happened that I had no money on me.我刚好没钱了。take place通常指“某事）按计划进行或按计划发生。” 比如：Great changes have taken place in China since.中国发生了翻天覆地的变化。此外take place还有 举行”之意。如：The meeting will take place next Friday.会议将在下周五举行。be hungry for sth. 渴望某事物I am hungry for your

12、Some companies not only own TV and radio networks but newspaper groups as well. Who decides what news to publish and what sort of pin” to put on it? Is it always objective? There are now spin doctors” who manipulate the news, emphasizing certain（某个，某些 ）parts and not others - and as a result, much of

13、 it is not neutral. Therefore, the questionof control of the media matters very much. In some cases, themedia companies are more powerful than governments. Theycan even influence elections. So the question is -should they be controlled and id so, by whom?一些公司不仅拥有电视和广播这样的新闻网，也有报业集团。那么由谁来决定公布哪些新闻并赋予这些

14、新闻什么形式的舆论导向呢？这些决定可能总是客观的吗？现在有一些舆 论操纵者通过强调新闻中某些部分而不是其他部分来操纵新闻。最终，大部分的新闻都不可能保持中立的立场。 所以大众媒体的控制权问题就变得很重要。某些情况下，媒体公司比政府强大。他们甚至可以影响大选。接下来的问题是：这样一些媒体公司应该受到监控吗？如 果答案是肯定的，由谁来监控他们呢？Activity 10Poll reveals TV news toonegative民意测验显示电视新闻太消极A recent Time / CNN poll in theUSA has discoveredthat 75% of people agre

15、ed that the news media is sensationalist”，63% found it “ too” and 73S%id they areof thenegativeskeptical about the accuracy news they are receiving.最近一期的时代周刊/美国有限新闻的民意测验显示75%的人同意新闻媒体具有 煽动性”，63%的人认为它 太消极”，73%的人表示对所收到新闻的 准确性表示怀疑”。注意这段里时态的应用和数字的表达。sense感觉，（视觉、听觉、味觉）v. mon sense 常识She has a keen sense o

16、f hearing.她的听觉很敏锐。What you say makes no sense 你说的话没有道理。（make sense有意义、有道理、讲得通）I can sense that she doesn like the idea. 我能感觉到她 不喜欢这个主意。Sensation 感受，感觉Massage produces wonderful sensations.按摩可产生舒 适的感觉。Some sensation is coming back to my arm. 我的胳膊逐 渐恢复了一些知觉。sensational轰动的，群情激动的a sensational crime 骇人听闻

17、的罪案sensationalism, sensationalistskeptical “对（主张，允诺等）持怀疑态度，不信任 的” be skeptical of / about ;Suspicious “对有疑心”lam suspicious of his in te ntion.我对他的目的怀有戒心。Scientists remain skeptical about the value of the research program. 科学家们对此项研究的意义持怀疑态 度。Local news programmes in the USA are h dominated by stories

18、 of violenee and crime that other topics like government, education and theenvironment are left with little airtime（广播时间）.Network broadcaster John Walters claimed,This lack （shortage） of in formation has resulted in negative feelings towardsthe media.美国地方新闻节目充斥着暴力和犯罪故事。因此，其他方面如政府、教育和环境的报道 所占的播出时间则很少

19、。有线新闻播音员约翰沃尔特声称，信息的缺失导致人们对大众 媒体的负面情绪”。 sothat太以致She is so beautiful that he fell in love with her at firstsight .她是如此漂亮以致他看到她的第一眼就爱上她了。 be left with剩余，留下He was left with nothing. 他什么东西也没有了。 claim 要求 ：claim ownership of the land 要求这块土地的拥有权索赔：claim the insurance 索取（保险金）声称，断言：She claims she is related

20、to the Queen.她声称和女王有亲戚关系。claim sth. back 索回 lack缺乏，缺少（不用于被动语态）v. n.They lacked the money to send him to university. 他们没 钱送他上大学。lack for sth. （need sth.） 需要某事物我会弥补你的损失。They lacked for nothing. 他们什么也不缺。The project had to be cancelled for lack of funds. 工程因资金缺乏而取消。Crime reports, which often serve as le

21、ad stories, make up an average of 30.2% of news time on local TV newsprogrammes in the USA. Media research er Bob Smith reported, 53% of crime reports are about murder, but it is one of the least frequently committed crimes . Another mediastudy revealed that 42% of all local TV news broadcasts are s

22、tories about crime, disaster and war.有关犯罪的报道通常是头条新闻，它们在美国的地方新闻节目中占用了平均30.2%的新闻时间。媒体研究员鲍勃 史密思报道，“ 53%勺犯罪报道是有关凶杀的，但凶杀只是较少实 施的犯罪之一。”另一项媒体研究显示 42%的地方电视新闻是有关犯罪、灾难和战争的。make up组成，构成；（弥补，化妆）I will make up for you lost.She spe nt half an hour making up before going out. 她在出门前花了半个小时化妆。1) consist of, be made up of, be composed of 这三个动 词短语，虽然都表示 由构成”的意思，但consist of多 用于提到所有参与构成的成分时；而be mad