并列连词的分类与用法

1、并列连词的分类与用法一、表转折的并列连词主要有but（但是）,yet（可是）,while（而，却）等。如:I would have written before but I have bee n ill.我本该早写信的，但我生病了。I have failed, yet I shall try again.我失败了，但我还要尝试。You like tennis, while Id rath爱打e网球，但我爱看书。I have failed, yet I shall try aga in.The judge was ster n, yet comp letely fair.They are the

2、 same, yet not the same.It is stra nge, yet it is true.那真是怪事，然而却是事实。英语中表示意思待折或对比曲芥列运词工藏有血和F两个.并列连词应的用誌并列逹词but意为怛“旦是吩=如=He细olcd diOLuid bu； cciid sre nobvdv.抱羽四周=璽，璃殳看见+包人-1 of Hlp luuiL but I* icvci bw:i ihtae.我知道育这座城而去过.r 止LmuJuMniii bu: urffliLuaiklv lhe doaL agiec wiih nw.我e瓯吃蘑妳:可tS吃了i雀更r indlcd

3、rrv fi%c shters tm not （of them） can cvmc.我菱请了就创百人足蜕便（她I门同不葩都来. I jkr cats but mfoi tunaacy I m aHrigx to Lheci.我 i良喜取鉛?怛可清我对3苗过敏 L iacc but 1 sfL aiLhVsDi foi niy cotbdEuca.犹同意：但昱卷不能代表我曲同車们.He puniiwxl to be hac iL Gut iduct buL Jidif【Appeat JuQ 血一他笛应囚点钟來=才到- r appjcciatc your pioblum： but I dcif【t

4、hink 1 can help you.我理解你的伍滩，但击【後莫能助 Thh twacb is刖od向t swimciing but bad foi surfing”这片海襁宜段游泳而不适合作i运动*2-并歼述词，飢的用法并列迄词 山也袁禾怛是4豺，2并列连词血用浓相似，有时可換.如=It itiduffi vtft tiue.这陨商怪9却是真实飢He was pot儿ycLtufp他悵亦 可倒艮快乐r hag Failed, m r stall iry延ain我失败了 *皑我辻漫芸试.氐said ht was dui f:icnd, yc: he woirdi L help 115.他说恤

5、星我们的刖友i便30不肯帮助我们 yet用作连词时，与but 一样也主要用于转折，意为“但是”“而”： 我失败了，但我还要尝试。法官很严峻，去卩完全公正。 它们又一样，又不一样。I ve been away only for three years, yet I can hardly recognize my hometown. 年，可我几乎认不岀我自己的故乡了。He said he was our frie nd, yet he would n们。有时用在句首。如(from www.youthemE.CN)：Yet the house was cheerful.但屋子里显得很欢快。但它的人口

6、翻了一番。Yet its pop ulati on has doubled.我仅在外三t help us.他说他是我们的朋友，但却不肯帮助我我给了他十镑但他仍不满足。 她很虚荣愚蠢，但人们却喜欢她。 yet有时可与并列连词and或but连用，构成习语and yet和but yet，且两者大致同义（均相当于 表转折的but）:I gave him ten pounds (and) yet he was not satisfied.She s vain and foolish, and yet people like her.She drove very fast to the air port,

7、 but yet, and yet, but yet she missed the plane.开快车去机场，可还是误了飞机。 although不能与表示转折的but连用，但是却可以与yet连用。如:我们虽然取得了Although we have made some pr ogress, yet we still have a long way to go.些进步，但还是远远不够的。并灵连对tu在示希frS角-但是”可昱”.如，Slif e. AiriMk a hut u如 iv in F毎l5nd 姥;t苇同,、:日诗苻蔗B.cjn lir-liexr hmi. bul! ccUbdiiB

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12、 ai bcakfal. Jft宝包一旱戟出击了 0油址:滦吃旦压.but的用法举例1.连接词或短语It was a sunny but not very warm day.He drives not carefully but slowly.2.连接句子那一天天气晴朗, 他开车不是很小心,却不太暖和。 而是开得很慢。但可以将就用。This isn t a good one but it will answer.这不太好，He looks honest, but actually he s a rogue.他看起来很老实，实际他是一个坏蛋。She has had no an swer to h

13、im but he gave no an swer.The ice rema in ed, but there was no water un der neath.Mrs. Brow n was about to beg in, but Jennie sp oke first.At first he was a little shy, but now he acts more n atural.得很自然了。我向他说了早上好，但他没有回应。 冰还在，但下面却没有水。布朗夫人正要开始讲话，珍妮先讲了。 开始时他有些腼腆但现在他表现There was a little trouble at firs

14、t, but thi ngs were soon quiet.就平静了。3.用于句首起初有点小麻烦后来情况But that question doesn t arise.但没发生那个问题。But in secret she was delighted.但她暗中感到高兴。But what else can we do?我们还能做什么?But in the end he gave in.但最后他还是让步了。But there s one thing we are agreed on.但有一点大家的意见是一致的。4. 用于道歉的表达之后Sorry, but we re behind schedule

15、.I m frightfully sorry, but I canExcuse me, but I don t think that5. 用于not but，表示“不是Not you but I am to blame.6. 用在某些否定语后，表示“只抱歉，我们落在计划后了。t see you today.太对不起了，我今天不能见你。s quite true.很抱歉，我认为这与事实略有岀入。而是”不是你的错而是我的错。He eats no thi ng but hamburgers.他只吃汉堡包。She knows no one but you.她只认识你。You have n obody b

16、ut yourself to blame.只能怪你自己。No one but me saw her.只有我看见他(from www.youthemE.CN)。中，表示“隔壁再过去”“倒数第” 他住在隔壁再过去一家。他是倒数第二个到的。7. 用于 next (last) but oneHe lives in the n ext house but one.He was the last but one to arrive.8. can t help but 不由得不 You can t help but respect them.你不由得不尊敬他们。When they gave him a ti

17、cket to the game, he could n的票，他不由得不去。I can t help but wonder what I should do next.【注意】不要按汉语意思将“虽然但是”直译为 误：Though we are poor, but we are happy.(t help but go.他们给了他一张看球赛我不由得不想知道下一步该怎么办。although but ：去掉though或but中任一个)二、表选择的并列连词主要or（或者，还是，否则）,either。厂（不是就是），neitheror（既不也不）,otherwise （要不然）等。如:Be caref

18、ul about what you say or you may regret it.当心你讲的话，否则你会后悔的。Either say you re sorry or else ge你要么道歉，要么滚开!Neither does he smoke nor does he drink.他既不抽烟也不喝酒。Seize the chanee, otherwise you will regret it.要抓住机会，否则你会后悔的。注：neithernor连接两个句子，注意用倒装语序。三、表联合的并列连词主要有 and, not onlybut also（不但而且 ）,when（=and just a

19、t this time 就在这时）等。如:Give him an inch and he will take a mile. 他会得寸进尺。Not only did he speak more correctly, but he spoke more easily. 不仅他讲得更正确，也讲得更不费劲了。He was about to go to bed whe n the tele pho ne rang.他正要上床睡觉，这时电话铃响了起来。四、表因果的并列连词主要有for（因为）,so（因此）等。如:He shook his head, for he thought differently

20、他摇了摇头，因为他有不同想法。He told me to do it, so I did it.他让我这样做，于是我就这样做了。L.井対连词for的用法开列逢词愉诫示S因，肓:汰因勺”由于.扯TJift ctey? WE syioTT. fcr it 陀 ti ow December S 天园5，因詬现？f已更杲 i ：月.I decided EQ Slop and have kuichfor 1 was fcdiiiE huaBij.我连击停下来吭饭丙汨我島慌了 He 171113 L he out for there :m tc工吐t ia the rocn.也准是吕去了 因黃崖里没有灯=

21、Sth#(1d not go out 龙 the mifr：伽 she cis tbt edd a grfit dj.姓寮S不ttU 因再Kt特别 F日搀We (i5r(Tif(i esgedy for tiF hm:gh： nfw斫our fimrdli刊 他請茨门带滦了探里的消息+ 111】辭诅不及待地听着.W-e ttitentC Cegerly.伽Be tntJVfilK ntws of our仙rili*他諳我门带来了家甲的消貳班旷戦日不袁待地听暮， for寰示慎1毗 它引出田句孑不力绷在句氢 如不韭说：For Lt wiE now D#enb, thf days Rere shan

22、.2.开列连词wffl用床并引诈尿磁示结臬兰黄r所歯肉比二如=Il5 very cold, so、化a tcavy cuat. 卜边很袴，因叱穿件犀大机叭Thw were no buate, soI came bv ticyd 没有共汽年，所以我軌騎0F车來了.The tJojj- as loiter, so e co血t get in. n上辙了.斯以我f】进不去*It wai dirt, sal cculdn*! sse vrha； vris liippemtng 天玉黒.宙以我看不一d蚩主了什査事“Im off on lioiiky, iul uii Lbc sccii匡you fui

23、i bl.我更外出圉艮Hi以宵=压时施St鮭用不着你了.fc told me to do it and ao I dd it.他叫我幫氐瓯 所Li就fe了 She Kxas 1 tjmus bot. aid so wen i pjce in history, fit丐了 一車咅苦，斯L対在万史上扫一.畐之也反告可G熾何光.所氐二旦為吾中去示给異4併孔连说MF笆*示再因的从庫虽为beR&连朝則不能说:词fe表天厲凤 总靠衣花壬勻之后 曲时可石baitM帀剛,妙血ennd 1=话毘tiff七ciuw竺ran?d氐!i!. ；O是現却，为詡1=晩TH氐H# iliDok hu Of ad. fn (

24、NMtau 餐JweiJTwfl逊一他霍了 fe気 因一划fl有不逼想蚩.Tf 口吩 R砰 in ha tc fir (=b(TJtif) y rar T alTcKd il 利Pl唱L书运tl.刃初时1 fT不R.HWfftelfQrHlftS：奸汀i词冏郁7不斫樣囲只虽:揃S?旬険旳解胚朝斶rjw也更驶生旬抚，迥不施乌&皿酣郭1).即;Jt Eust havE rjajed last o. for me列啤d厉wet加twrrzJig Rf筑一定下过曲 序晉令天号上地页是湿3，SJii musl halt gjMi ml mk fbi she tad not iJirnwn up M te

25、eaikhi：早矗LL去了. 32融没耒吃早玄-连词for表示原因时的四个“不能”for表示原因时的四个“不能” for引导的从句不能位于它所解释的动词之前:Because it was wet he took a taxi.因为下雨，他叫了一辆岀租车。(这里不能用for)他偷东西，并不 for引导的从句不能位于 not, but或任何连词之后：He stole, not because he wan ted the money but because he liked steali ng.是因为他想要钱，而是他有这种毛病。(这里不能用for ) for弓I导的从句不能用于回答问题：Why d

26、id you do it? 你为什么这么做？I did it because l was an gry.因为我生气才这么做的。（这里不能用 for引导的从句不能单单用来复述已讲过的话，而必须包括新的内容：He sp oke in Fren ch. She was angry because he had sp oke n in Fren ch.语，她生气了。（这里不能用for ）但是说：for )他讲法语。因为他讲法She was an gry, for she did n 的，也可用because）之所以有这些用法上的限定，其理由是for引导的从句不能直接说明某一特定动作发生的原因，而只能提

27、供一些起帮助解释作用的附加说明。例如（）:The days were short, for it was now December.天短了，现在已是 12 月了。He took the food eagerly, for he has eate n nothing since daw n.他狼吞虎咽地吃了起来，因为他从天亮就没吃过东西。t know French.她生气了，因为她不懂法语。（这里用for是正确Whenl saw her in the river I was frightened.For at that point the currents were dangerous.我看见她

28、在河里时，吓坏了。那个地方水流非常危险。在口语中，for从句前常稍停一下。在笔语中，在此处常有一个逗号。有时也用一个句号断开，如最 后一个例子所示。上面三个例句中也可用becatse,但用for更好些。并列连词词组的用法1. both and的用法其意为和都” 不但而且” 既又”She both sp eaks and writes Japan ese.她不仅会说日语，而且还会写。He spoke with both kindness and un dersta nding.他说话既亲切又明事理。Both New York and London have traffic p roblems.纽

29、约和伦敦都存在交通问题。The secretary both sp eaks and writes Sp anish.这位秘书不但能讲而且能写西班牙语。Both teaching and research work are making great strides.教学与科研都在大踏步前进。The delegates visited both New York and Boston.代表们既访问了纽约，又访问了波士顿。【注】作为关联并列连词，它通常应连接两个相同性质的句子成分,但有时后一成分可能省略与前一成分相同的词。另外，若连接两个成分作主语时，谓语要用复数:Both she and Sop

30、hia were pleased with the girl.她和索菲娅都喜欢这姑娘。2. either oi的用法其意为要么要么”不是就是”Either come in or go out. 要么进来，要么出去。I want to visit either P aris or Lon do n.我想去巴黎或伦敦游览一下。Either he did notsp eak disti nctly or I did not hear well.不是他没讲清楚，就是我没听明白。【注】通常应连接两个相同性质的句子成分，但有时后一成分可能省略与前一成分相同的词。若连接两个成分作主语，其谓语通常与靠近的主语

31、保持一致:You can either have tea or coffee.你喝茶也行，喝咖啡也行。Either you or I am wrong. 不是你错，就是我错。3. neithernor的用法其意为既不也不”、“和都不”I have neither time nor money. 我既无时间又无钱。I neither smoke nor drink.我既不抽烟也不喝酒。He neither knows nor cares what happen ed.他对所发生的事不闻不问。This is neither my fault nor yours.这既不怪我，也不怪你。【注】通常应连

32、接两个相同性质的句子成分，但有时后一成分可能省略与前一成分相同的词。若连接两个成分作主语，其谓语通常与靠近的主语保持一致:Mary neither likes maths nor (likes) history.玛丽既不喜欢数学也不喜欢历史。Neither Jim and Jack was at home.吉姆和杰克都不在家。但在非正式文体中也可一律用复数:Neither Jim and Jack were at home.吉姆和杰克都不在家。4. not 0niybut aisc的用法其意为不但而且”Not only men but also women were chosen. 选中的不仅

33、有男的也有女的。He not only read the book, but also remembered what he read.他不仅读过这本书，而且还记得书中的内容。【注】该结构中的also有时可省略，或与but分开用，或用too, as well代之（位于句末）：Not o nIy is he fu nny, but he is witty too as well.他不但风趣，而且也很机智。若连接两个成分作主语，其谓语通常与靠近的主语保持一致:Not o niy you but also he has to leave.不只是你，他也得离开。both. an d.可以翻译成“和两个

34、都”、“又又”either. or.n either. n or.意思是“既不也不”这三者都是连词，可以连接名词、 代词、形容词、动词和 介词短语等。both. an d.连接名词、代词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式;n either. n or.连接名词、代词作主语时，谓语动词须与nor之后的名词保持一致;either. or.连接名词、代词作主语时，谓语动词要与最临近的主语保持一致。例如:Both she and I are going to do the clea ning.我和她两个都要做清洁工作。Mike is both tall and han dsome.迈克长得又高又帅。In t

35、he p rogram toni ght Mary will both sing and dance.在今天晚上的节目中，玛丽既要唱歌又要跳舞。You may either stay or go.你可以走，也可以留下。Either you or I am wrong.不是你错，就是我错。He n either drinks nor smokes.他既不吸烟也不喝酒。Neither he nor I am well-educated.他和我都没有受过良好的教育。n ot o niy but also后面的动词用就近原则，即根据 but also 后面的主语来确定动词的形式。而both and 后

36、面的动词总是用复数。例如:Not only my father but also my mother is a teacher.Both my father and my mother are teachers.巧借并列连词破解 非谓语动词陷阱题英语中的并列连词不多，常见的只有and, or, but, yet等，并且其用法也不复杂，在高考英语中直接考查并列连词用法的考题比较少见。但是，这并不意味着你就可对并列连词“置之不理”，因为命题者虽然不会直接考查并列连词的用法,但他们却经常把并列连词作为种设计陷阱题的工具， 把一些本来很容易的考点设计成难题，甚至陷阱题。本文拟就如何巧借并列连词破解非谓

37、语动词难题或陷阱题作一分析。一、借并列连词识别平行结构根据英语语法习惯，用并列连词连接的两个语法成分通常应是平行的、对等的。若并列连词连接的是两个非谓语动词，原则上说它们应是同一形式一一同为不定式,或同为-ing分词，或同为-ed分词。如:Going to bed early and getting up early is a good habit. 早睡早起是一个好习惯。Shops were open, especially places which sold things to eat and to drink. 店铺都开着，尤其是卖饮食的店铺。To mea n to do someth

38、ing and to do someth ing actually are two differe nt thin gs.打算做一件事和实际上做一件事完全是两回事。有些用than连接的非谓语动词也往往需要一致的形式。如:Friendship is like money: easier made than kept. 友谊像金钱挣来容易维持难。“ Why don t you get yourself a job?”“ That s easier sa你怎么不找个工作”呢？”“说起来容易，找起来难哪！”请看一道咼考题:It is worth considering what makes“conve

39、nien ce foods so popu lar, andbetter之间的被动关系可以确定答案为B而不是A。ones of your own.（北京卷）A. in troducesB. to in troduceC. in troduci ngD. in troduced此题答案为 C。句中的 并列连词and连接的是两个对称的并列成分，由于其前的con sideri ng 为动名词，所以空格处也要用动名词。请再看两道相关的考题:work for young1. The purpose of the scheme is not to help the empioyers butpeople.

40、A. p rovideB. to p rovideC. p rovidi ngD. p rovided答案为B。notbut连接两个不定式作表语，所以选 B。句意为：这个计划的目的不是为了帮助雇主，而是为了给年轻人提供工作机会。2. The purpose of new tech no logies is to make life easier,it more difficult. （zn）A. not make B. not to make C. not making D. do not make答案为B。空格处填不定式是为了与前面的to make life easier保持一致。句意为：新

41、技术的目的是为了使生活变得更容易，而不是为了使生活变得更困难。3. Fish ing is his favorite hobby, and.（上海卷）A. he d like to collect coins as wellB. he feels like collecting coins, tooC. to collect coins is also his hobbyD. collecting coins also gives him great pleasure答案为D。并列连词and连接两个结构平行的句子构成一个并列句,比较前后两个句子结构，显然只有D最合适。二、借并列连词识别非谓语动

42、词考点与并列句考点有的考题从表面上看是在考查非谓语动词，而实际上是在考查并列句的有关知识，此时若能充分注意到句中的并列连词，同时结合并列连词对句子结构进行分析,问题往往可以迎刃而解。请看下面一道咼考题:the website of the Fire Department in your city, and you will learn a lot aboutfirefighting.（湖南卷）此题初看一眼，完全像是一道非谓语动词考题，因为四个选项中有三项为非谓语动词。粗心的考生很可能会据此最先排除选项D，因为它不是非谓语动词。其实，此题的答案正是D。做好本题的关键是要注意到句中的并列连词and，由and