初中英语语法之被动语态公开课

1、（The Passive Voice).主动语态与被动语态： 英语动词有两种语态，即主动语态(The Active Voice)与被动语态（The Passive Voice)。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者;被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。 e.g. 1.They make trains in Zhuzhou . (答案） Trains are made in Zhuzhou. （答案）2.The farmers grow cotton every year. （答案） Cotton is grown by the farmers every year. （答案）主动语态被动语态主动语态被动

2、语态（The Passive Voice) 一般现在时被动语态的构成： am/is/are+及物动词的过去分词 动词过去分词的构成规则（与动词过去式构成规则一样）：1、一般在动词原形末尾加-ed，looked played2、结尾是e的动词加-d ， lived used3、末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词，先双写 这个辅音字母，再加-ed， planned tripped4、结尾是“辅音字母+y”的动词，先变“y”为“i” ， 再 加-ed ， study-studied， carry-carried不规则动词的过去分词要牢记 写出下列动词的过去式，过去分词：sing-sang-sungb

3、uild-built-built1、speak （答案） 2、use （答案） 3、make （答案） 4、write （答案） 5、grow (答案) 6、plant （答案） 7、produce （答案） 8、ask （答案） 9、plan （答案） 10、send （答案） 11 、 build （答案） 12、invite （答案） 1、speak （spoke spoken） 2、use used used3、make made made 4、write wrote written5、grow grew grown 6、plant planted planted7、produce p

4、roduced produced 8、ask asked asked9、plan planned planned 10、send sent sent11 、 build built built 12、invite invited invited不规则动词的过去分词要牢记 写出下列动词的过去式，过去分词：sing-sang-sungbuild-built-builte.g many people speak English.Englishis spokenby manypeople. 主动语态变被动语态的步骤：1、主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语；2、主动句的谓语动词变为被动结构；3、主动句的主

5、语变为被动句的宾语，由by 引出，当不强调动 作的执行者时，常省略。把下列的句子变为被动语态的句子：1、They speak English in Canada .(English.)2、People use wood for making tables. （wood.）3、The make computers in the USA.（Computers）4、They grow rice in South China.（Rice）English is spoken in Canada.Wood is used for making tables.Computer are made in the

6、 USA.Rice is grown in South China. 一般过去时被动语态的构成： was/were+及物动词的过去分词 e.g 1、The bridge was built last year. 2、It was used in the old days. 3、The PRC was founded on October1，1949.were planted The bridge waswas invitedplay把下列句子变成被动语态的句子；1、They planted these trees on weekends . These trees on weekends.2、

7、The workers built the bridge in 1968 built by the workers in 1968.3、People invited Yao Ming to play basketball in The USA. Yao Ming to basketball in the USA.4、IBM produced this new type of laptop computer. This new type of laptop computer by IBM.was produced 含情态动词的被动语态构成：情态动词（can/may/must/should）+be

8、+及物动词过去分词 e.g 1、This bike can be repaired. 2、The tree must be put straight in the hole. 3、The classroom should be cleaned every day.把下列主动句变被动句：1、We should plant the trees around the lake 2、We must repair the computer now .3、Students should correct their mistakes .4、We must water the trees well.The t

9、rees should be planted around the lake .The computer must be repaired now .Their mistakes should be corrected .The trees must be watered well.Homework课后自觉复习 ,做完相应练习。 1、一般现在时被动语态 2、一般过去时被动语态 3、含情态动词的被动语态 被动语态的用法：1、当不知道谁是动作的执行者时；2、没有必要或不想指出谁是动作的执行者时；3、只需强调动作的承受者时。三、单项选择题：( )1.Woolen clothes are used _

10、keeping us warm. A.of B.by C.for D.in ( )2.Are these fridges made_? A.in China B. in Chinese C.of China D.from Chinese ( )3.-Where are bananas _? - _ grown in South China. A. grow, Its B.grown, Its C.grown, Theyre D.grew, Theyre( )4.The League _ in May , 1922. A. is founded B.was founded C. is built

11、 D. was built( )5.The strange thing with three legs_. A.used to drink B. are used for drinking C. is used for drinking D. used for drinkingCACBC( )6.TV programmes can_ to the other side of the world. A.send B. be sent C.make D.be made( )7.Older people must_ politely. A. speak to B. be spoken C.be sp

12、oken to D. say to( )8.The moon always _ around the earth. A. goes B. travels C. turns D. A,B and C.( )9.Many people _English in the world. A.speak B. speaks C. spoke D. are spoken.( )10.We must _ our homework every day. A. be finished B. finish C. are finished D. finishedBCDAB四、把下列句子变成被动句：1.Chinese

13、people built the Great Wall 2,000 years ago. 2. We must plant more trees next year. 3.Dalian produces big ships. 4.Farmers harvest rice in autumn . 5.We should clean our classroom every day.The Great Wall was built by Chinese people 2000 years ago.More trees must be planted next year.Big ships are p

14、roduced in Dalian.Rice is harvested in autumn.Our classroom should be cleaned every day.1. 今日它仍被视为最伟大名著之一今日它仍被视为最伟大名著之一. Today it_ one of the greatest books.2. 我进不去是因为门锁了我进不去是因为门锁了. I couldnt get in because the door _.3. 刚才有人看见一个人进了你家刚才有人看见一个人进了你家. A man _ enter your house a moment ago.4. 这项工作已经完成很长

15、时间了这项工作已经完成很长时间了. This piece of work _ for a long time.is still thought to bewas lockedwas seen tohas been finishedbe + PP被动语态的基本结构被动语态的基本结构: :有各种时态的变化有各种时态的变化考点一考点一: :1. Now English _ by more and more people all over the word. A. speaks B. is spoken C. was spoken一般现在时的被动语态：一般现在时的被动语态：am / is / are

16、+ PP2. The lost boy _ at the street corner last night. A. was found B. is found C. was looked for一般过去时的被动语态：一般过去时的被动语态：was / were + PP3. More man-made satellites _ in the future. A. will send up B. will be sent up C. are sent up一般将来时的被动语态：一般将来时的被动语态：will + be + PPbe going to + be + PP4. Three bridge

17、s _ since last year. A. have built B. were built C. have been built现在完成时的被动语态：现在完成时的被动语态：have / has + been + PP5. Flowers _ every day. A. has been watered B. should be watered C. should water含有情态动词的被动语态：含有情态动词的被动语态：情态动词情态动词 + be + PP考点二考点二: :被动语态中的特殊情况被动语态中的特殊情况: :6. Good medicine _ bitter to the mo

18、uth. A. tastes B. is tasted C. taste This pen _ well. A. is sold B. sell C. sells感官动词感官动词, 和和sell等动词用主动等动词用主动语态表被动语态表被动.7. Many people _ during the earthquake in May, 2008. A. were died B. dead C. diedhappen, last, die等动词不使用等动词不使用被动被动.8. The man _ clean the toilet because he _ rubbish bout when the

19、police walked past the park. A. was made; was seen to throw B. was made to; was seen throwing C. made; sawsee / hear sb. do sthbe seen / heard to do sthsee / hear sb. doing sth.be seen / heard doing sth.make sb.do sth.be made to do sth.主动主动: :被动被动: :主动主动: :被动被动: :主动主动: :被动被动: :9. Children should _.

20、A. take good care of B. be taken good care C. be taken good care of固定短语的被动不要丢掉后面的固定短语的被动不要丢掉后面的介词或副词介词或副词10. Your desk _. A. needs repair B. needs repairing C. needs to repairneed, allow 可以用可以用-ing形式表示形式表示被动被动need to be done = need doingbe allowed to do = allow doing1. should be cleaned2. be washed3

21、. was set up4. have been learnt5. can be replaced6. asked; not to waste was asked not to waste7. is; grown 8. be sent9. are told 10. cant be seen1.树要在春天种树要在春天种;2.树坑要挖得够大树坑要挖得够大,但不要太深但不要太深;3.把树放进坑里把树放进坑里,扶直扶直;4.把泥推回坑里把泥推回坑里,用脚踩实用脚踩实;5.在旁边插一根坚实的长棍子在旁边插一根坚实的长棍子,并且保证棍并且保证棍子插直了子插直了;6.用绳子用绳子（rope）把棍子和树绑起来把棍子和树绑起来7.浇好水浇好水. 根据提示写一篇以根据提示写一篇以How to Plant a Tree?为题目的短文，要求内容齐全，上为