一般过去时现在完成时与一般现在时的区别 PPT学习教案

1、会计学1一般过去时现在完成时与一般现在时的一般过去时现在完成时与一般现在时的区别区别 （一）（一）一般过去时态一般过去时态、现在完成时态、现在完成时态、一般现在时一般现在时的概念的概念一般过去时表示在过去某个时间发生的动一般过去时表示在过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的作或存在的状态状态，也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作，常与也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作，常与yesterday、 yesterday afternoon、 the day before yesterday 、last year、in 1965、 a moment ago 、 just now 等表示过去的等表示过去的具体的具体的时间

2、状语连用。时间状语连用。例如：例如：He came here yesterday.第1页/共34页第2页/共34页 Mary likes reading interesting stories Marys father is a policeman.There are 50 students in my class.第3页/共34页( (二）一般过去时态、现在完成时二）一般过去时态、现在完成时和和一般现在时一般现在时的的区别区别）现在完成时现在完成时是表示过去的动作与现在的联是表示过去的动作与现在的联系，主要说明的是现在的情况和状态；而系，主要说明的是现在的情况和状态；而一般一般过去时过去时则

3、强调动作发生在过去某一时间，与现则强调动作发生在过去某一时间，与现在不发生联系。在不发生联系。一般现在时一般现在时表示经常性，习惯表示经常性，习惯性的动作或存在的状态性的动作或存在的状态.与过去没有关系与过去没有关系。例如：例如：We havent seen him since last year. 我们自从我们自从去年以来一直未见到他去年以来一直未见到他（现在还未见到）（现在还未见到）We didnt see him last year. 我们去年没见到我们去年没见到他他.（现在不一定未见到）（现在不一定未见到）I often see him.(现在经常见到现在经常见到)第4页/共34页）现

4、在完成时表示从过去发生一直持续到）现在完成时表示从过去发生一直持续到现在（包括现在）的某个动作或状态，与现现在（包括现在）的某个动作或状态，与现在有关的时间状语连用，一般过去时表示过在有关的时间状语连用，一般过去时表示过去某一特定（与现在无关）的时间，与具体去某一特定（与现在无关）的时间，与具体的表示过去的时间状语连用。例如：的表示过去的时间状语连用。例如：He has lived here since he was born. 自他出生自他出生以来一直居住在这儿以来一直居住在这儿。（since 自从自从以来以来，与现在有关与现在有关，说明他还居住在这儿。）说明他还居住在这儿。）Liu Mei

5、 went to see her grandmother last night . 刘梅昨晚去看了他外婆刘梅昨晚去看了他外婆。（只说明昨晚）（只说明昨晚）第5页/共34页第6页/共34页（三）值得注意几个问题（三）值得注意几个问题）动作发生在过去，一直持续到说话的时候，并动作发生在过去，一直持续到说话的时候，并且还在延续时，要用现在完成时。例如：且还在延续时，要用现在完成时。例如：We have studied English for two years. 我们学英语我们学英语两年了两年了）指过去的经历，但没有表示过去的时间状指过去的经历，但没有表示过去的时间状语，要用现在完成时。例如：语，要

6、用现在完成时。例如：I have been to Shanghai twice . 我曾去过上海两我曾去过上海两次次）句子中如有过去时的时间副词（如句子中如有过去时的时间副词（如yesterday ,last week, in 1960）时）时,不能使用现在完成不能使用现在完成时，要用过去时。时，要用过去时。Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night. 4 4）以）以WhenWhen开头的特殊疑问句，要用一般过去时。例如：开头的特殊疑问句，要用一般过去时。例如：When did you lose your pen? When did you los

7、e your pen? 你什么时候丢了钢笔？你什么时候丢了钢笔？第7页/共34页5）just (刚刚）与刚刚）与现在完成时现在完成时连用，连用，just now (刚才）刚才）与与一般过去时一般过去时连用。例如：连用。例如：The train has just gone. 火车刚刚离开。火车刚刚离开。The train left here just now. 火车是刚才离开。火车是刚才离开。6）since 作介词，后面跟时间名词一起作状语时，句子要用作介词，后面跟时间名词一起作状语时，句子要用现在完成时；现在完成时；since 作连词，引导状语从句时，主句用现在完作连词，引导状语从句时，主句用

8、现在完成时，从句用一般过去时。成时，从句用一般过去时。7）so far，in the last / past 与与现在完成时现在完成时连用。连用。例如例如 ：So far，many countries have sent up satellites into space. In the last 30 years， our lives have changed a lot.He has worked in this factory since 1996.I have known him since he was a child.第8页/共34页 ( (四四） 现在完成时应注意的现在完成时应注意

9、的四个区别四个区别 1 1）延续性动词与短暂性动词的区别。）延续性动词与短暂性动词的区别。 2）since 和和 for 的区别。的区别。3）have / has gone to； have / has been to；have / has been in 的区别。的区别。4) already和和yet 的区别的区别第9页/共34页 A、leave been away from buyhave borrowkeep diebe dead get upbe up turn onbe on come / get backbe back go to townbe in town finishbe o

10、ver catch a coldhave a cold closebe closed / not open openbe open fall ill / asleep be ill / asleep begin /startbe on get /receive a letter fromhave a letter fromB、come to be here / there arrive in （at）/ get to / reachbe here / there join the Army-be in the Army/ be a soldier join the League-be in t

11、he League / be a league member（五）延续性动词和短暂性动词转换归纳（五）延续性动词和短暂性动词转换归纳第10页/共34页1.He died 10 years ago. - He _ _ _ for 10 years / since 10 years ago.2. He borrowed the book 2 weeks ago. - He _ _ the book for 2 weeks.3. He bought the motorbike a month ago. -He _ _ the motorbike for a month.4. He arrived h

12、ere three days ago. - He _ _ here since three days ago.5. They turned on the light 2 hours ago. - The light _ _ _ for 2 hours.6. He left here 2 years ago. - He _ _ _ from here for 2 years.7. The film began 30 minutes ago. - The film _ _ _ for 30 minutes.8. They opened the door an hour ago. - The doo

13、r _ _ _ for an hour.9. They closed the door an hour ago. - The door _ _ _ for an hour.10. He joined the army last year. - He _ _ a _ for a year. - He _ _ _ the army for a year. - It _ a year _ he joined the army. 延续性延续性动词和动词和瞬间瞬间性性动词之间的转化动词之间的转化第11页/共34页1.He died 10 years ago. - He has been dead for

14、 10 years / since 10 years ago.2. He borrowed the book 2 weeks ago. - He has kept the book for 2 weeks.3. He bought the motorbike a month ago. -He has had the motorbike for a month.4. He arrived here three days ago. - He has been here since three days ago.5. They turned on the light 2 hours ago. - T

15、he light has been on for 2 hours.6. He left here 2 years ago. - He has been away from here for 2 years.7. The film began 30 minutes ago. - The film has been on for 30 minutes.8. They opened the door an hour ago. - The door has been open for an hour.9. They closed the door an hour ago. - The door has

16、 been closed for an hour.10. He joined the army last year. - He has been a soldier for a year. - He has been in the army for a year. - It is a year since he joined the army. 延续性延续性动词和动词和瞬间瞬间性性动词之间的转化动词之间的转化 (keys)第12页/共34页nhere.n第13页/共34页第14页/共34页Fill in the blanks with “for” or “since”:1. We have h

17、ad the new computer _ a week.2. How long have you studied English? I have studied English _ I was five.3. How long has he taught in this school? He has taught in this school _ 1998.4. How long have you known each other? We have known each other _ over ten years.5. How long have you kept your pet dog

18、? I have kept it _ two years ago. I have kept it _ two years.sincesinceforsinceforfor第15页/共34页years _.nMike has been in hospital _ October.nMike has been in hospital _ two monthsnMike came to the hospital two months _nHe has been in hospital _ two months _填上填上since ,for或者或者ago.since foragoforagosinc

19、e agosinceforagosince ago第16页/共34页there _ three hours.nSue came to the office three hours _.nSue has been in the office _ 3 hours _.agoforsince agoagoforsinceforagosince ago第17页/共34页 have gone to have been to have been in去了某地，不在这里去了某地，不在这里曾经去过某地曾经去过某地,已回来已回来呆在某地（多长时间）呆在某地（多长时间）She isnt here. She has

20、 gone to the reading- room.She has been to Shanghai twice/once/before.She has been in Beijing for two years.第18页/共34页第19页/共34页第20页/共34页第21页/共34页School Junior Campus for over two months.我们在深中初中部两个多月了我们在深中初中部两个多月了.第22页/共34页用用have/has gone to, have/has been to或或have/has been in 填空。填空。1.Bill is on holid

21、ay at the moment. He _ Spain.has gone to2. “Wheres Lily?” “Shes not here.I think she _ to the bank.”has gone to3. Hello, Sue. Where _ you _? _ you _ _ the bank?have beenHave been to 4. Tim is in hopital. He _ hospital for five days. has been in第23页/共34页5. “How long _ she _ _ England?” “She _ _ _ Eng

22、land since Monday.” for three days. has been inhas been to6. My father _ _ _ Shanghai twice.has been in7. I can find Susan. Where _ she _?8. Oh, Hello Susan! I was looking for you. Where _ you _?has gone have been 第24页/共34页第25页/共34页plan because Linda hasnt made up her mind _.Have you ordered the tak

23、eaway food _?nYes. We have _ ordered it.alreadyyetyetyetalreadyalreadyyetyetalreadyyetFill in already or yet when needed第26页/共34页 Correct the mistakes in the following sentences.1、Tom has got up for half an hour.2 、Liu Mei has joined the League for three years.3、The train has reached the station sin

24、ce 10 minutes ago.4、The little girl has fallen asleep for four hours.5、When have you cleaned the classroom? Its clean now.6、How long have you caught a cold?7、She has got ten letters from her mother since last week.火眼金睛火眼金睛第27页/共34页Multiple choice.( ) 1. Has your brother found his lost car _? - No, h

25、e hasnt. A. still B. already C. just D. yet( ) 2. The visitors _ here for a week. A. have left B. have come C. have arrived D. have been( ) 3. Where _ you _ all these years, Jim? A. have, been B. did , be C. were, been D. did, stay( ) 4. Ive _ this dictionary _ a year. A. bought, for B. had, for C.

26、bought, since D. had, sinceDDAB第28页/共34页( ) 5. You _ here before, _ you? A. never are, are B. never came, do C. have never been, have D. were never, were( ) 6. The doctor _ to Beijing twice. A. has gone B. has been C. went D. goes( ) 7. My mother has _ made a big mooncake herself. A. already B. yet C. just D. always( ) 8. -Mr Green is no longer working here. He _ here for a month. A.has gone B. has