高一英语外研必修3课件：Module3Period3

1、Module 3 The Violence of NaturePeriod 3 Grammar过去完成时的被动语态和间接引语:汗錢示:4黑您加见力木氓件的辻:I.过去完成时的被动语态【温故知新】鸡中出2字敢象请吳；1所省幻灯片壬薪力看； 可lEtfiU:j用所给词的正确形式填空 By the time the torn ado ended, more than 700 people(kill). Coghlan travelled back to Canadaafter he(bury) in Texas.(3)She returned home and found all her furni

2、ture(ruin) by the flood.had beenkilledhad been buriedhad been ruinedWhen he woke up, he found his house thun derstorm.(destroy) by thehad been destroyed【考点诠解过去完成时的被动结构由“had been+过去分词”构成，表示在过去某一时刻 或某一动作之前发生的被动的动作，句中常用by, before, until, when等词引导时 间状语。过去完成时的被动语态常用于以下情况：1 主句的动作发生在从句的动作或过去的时间之前且表示被动时，要用过

3、去完成时 的被动语态。 常用于before, by the time, until, when, after, once, as soon as等弓【导 的状语从句中谓语动词是一般过去时，以及by, before, untik过去的时间点。 By the end of last year, 20, 000 cars.到去年年末，（该厂）已经生产了两万辆车 The classroombefore the teacher came.老师来之前，教室还没有扌had been producedhad nt bee n cleaned How many buildingswhen the hurrica

4、ne ended?飓风结束时肴多少建筑被毁? had been destroyedAII of the dishestill then.到那时盘子全部洗葯7had bee n washed2. 在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词之后的宾语从句中，若表示过去某一被 动动作时，用过去完成时。They said the production costsin the room.他们说生产成本降低了。I was told that the bookhad been reduced我被告知把那本书落在那个房间里了。had bee n left3. 根据语意可以判断出动

5、作先后的用过去完成时。(用所给词的正确形式填空) As the work(do), he began to watch TV. The girl did what she(tell) to.had been donehad been toldII 间接引语【温故知新】 将下列句子中直接引语转化为间接引语 Tom said,11 want to go shopping. ”Tom said (that)to go shopping. The girl asked me, “Can you help me? ”The girl asked me . I could help匕he wanted I

6、 asked the boy, “Why are you late again? ”-1 asked the boyhelate again. He said to me, “Shut th window, please.erHe told methe window.whywasto shut【考点诠解】直接引述别人的原话，叫做直接引譎。用自己的话转述别人的话，叫做间接引语。将直接引语改为间接引语时，人称、时态、时间状语和地点状语作相应的变化。1直接引语是陈述句，变为间接引语时由连词that引导。He said, I like it very much. ”-He saidvery much.

7、He said, “You told me this story. ”-He said that.丄一 小 “ that story.他说我给他誦醐施車Wd had told him悟一悟参透误区口语中that可以省略；that从句之前常用say, tell等动词。2. 直接引语是一般疑问句，变为间接引语时变成if/whether引导的宾语从句。 He said, Can you swim, John? ”-He asked Johnhe could swim.他问约翰是否会游泳。 I asked him, “Will you stay at home or go to see a film

8、tonight? ”-1 asked himhe would stay at home or go to see a film that night.我问他那天晚上他是待在家里还是去看电影。if/whetherwhether悟一悟参透误区大参数禧况下if和whether引导宾语从句时可以互换，但后紧跟or not时，一般用whethero3. 直接引语是特殊疑问句，变为间接引语时特殊疑问句变为由who, what, when, where, why, how等疑问词引导的宾语从句（但注意从句须是陈述语序）。 He said, Where is Mr Wang? ”He asked.他问王先生在

9、哪里。 He asked, “How did you find it, mother? ”He asked his motherit.他问他妈妈是怎么找到它的。where Mr Wang washow she had found4直接引语是祈使句，变为“主语+ask/order/tell/beg等+宾语+宾语补足语（动词不定 式）”这一句型。 The teacher said, Listen to me carefully. ”- The teacherus _ listen to her carefully.老师告诉我们认真听她讲。 “Dont touch anything in the l

10、ab. ” the teacher said to us.-The teacherustouch anything in the lab.老师告诉我们不要动实验室里的任何东西。told totoldnot to【看一看巧学助记】人称的变化一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新。即直接引语的第一人称取决于主句的主语，第二人称取决于主句的宾语，第三人称一 般不变。*He said, cTm forty. ”-He said that he was forty.（一随主）*She said to me, Your pronunciation is better than mine. ”She told me

11、 that my pronunciation was better than hers.（二随宾） *They said, “Is everything OK? ”-They asked if everything was OK.（第三人称不更新）5直接引语变间接引语时，如果谓语动词是过去式，时态的变化如下:直接引语的时态间接引语的时态一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时一般将来时过去将7蒋时一般过去时过去完成时现在完成时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时注意：情态动词也作相应改变：can-could; may-might; must-must/had to He said, il usual

12、ly watch TV on Sunday. ”-He said that he usuallyTV on Sunday. He said, Tm using the knife. ”-He said that hethe knife.He said, JTII give you an examination next Monday. ”-He told us that heus an examination the next Monday. He said, “I came to help you. ”-He said that聘羅Ibe.was usingwould givehe had

13、come She said, “I have not heard from him since May. ”-She said that shefrom him since May. He said, “I had finished my homework before supper. ”-He said that henc+ histowework before supper.He said, “I went illiM994 -He told us that heto college in 1994.Our teacher said to us, Tight travels faster

14、than sound. ”-Our teacher told us that lightfaster than sound.had finishedwenttravels悟一悟参透误区暑接却语富看加事实、普遍真理等，主句尽管是过去时态，变成间接引语时，时 态仍然用一般现在时态。(2) 直接引语变间接引语时，指示代词、时间状语、地点状语、动词等要作相应的变 化。但是，如果转述时对话人双方就在原来的地方，或在说话的当天，就不必改变相应 的时间状语、地点状语等。总之，对这些变化不能机械理解，应根据实际情况来决定 所作的变化。(3) 间接引语一般要用陈述句的语序，即主、谓、宾的顺序。【典题体验】用所给

15、词的适岂形式填空1 (2014-山东高考)They made up their minds that they(buy)a new houseonce Larry changed jobs.【解析】would buyo考查动词时态。句意:他们决定一旦拉里换了工作,他们将买一 套新房鼻。buy应该发生在made up their minds”之后,且还没发生,故应用过去将 来时。2. (201 牛重庆高考)James has just arrived, but I didnt know he(come)until yesterday.【解析】was comingo考查动词的时态。句意:詹姆斯刚刚

16、到达，但我直到昨天才知 道他要乗。根据James has just airived”可知，昨天才知道他将要来,所以要用过去将来时，此处进行时表将来，相当于would comeo3. (2012-ill 东高考)The manager was concerned to hear that two of his trusted workers(leave).【解析】施韓aving。考查动词的时态。句意:听说两个他信任的工人要离开，经理 很担心。leave意为离开，是表示趋向的动词，要用be leaving表示将来时。一般 不用will/wound leave,又因为主句是过去时，所以用we re leavingo4. (2011-北京高考)