高三英语(人教)总复习语法专题课件：主谓一致(共49张PPT)

1、第四节主谓致I 皿=俸爲互动探究=:.V弋核心突破导与练考点一就近一致原则 1 由 ot , either.or. , neither.nor. , not only.but also等连接白勺并列主语，谓语动词 常与最近的主语在单复数上保持一致。 Are neither you nor I fit for the work?你禾口我 都不适合这份工作吗？；主 意： “ with/along with/together with/including/but/except /like/as well as/no more than/besides/rather than +名词”置于主语后，谓语

2、动词一般仍 与前面的名词在单复数上保持一致。 Henry， rather than Jane and John， is responsible for the loss.损失的责任应由亨利而 不是由简和约翰来承担。 2.由there, here引起的主语不止一个时，谓 语通常和最邻近的主语保持一致。 There is a pencil and two pens in the pencilbox. 文具盒内有一支铅笔和两支钢笔。考题印证 Either the ways or the time yet , but you may ask the headmaster for some inform

3、ation. A. isnt decided B hasnt decided C. arenft decided D. havenft decided解析考查语态与主谓一致。本句的主语由 either.or连接，谓语动词应该与or后面的名 词保持一致，使用单数；根据语境可知,应 该使用被动语态。答案A考占P 9 意义一致原则 1 谓语动词用单数的情况由连词and连接的并列成分指的是同一概念 ,兼具身份或匹配出现。 The worker and writer is from Wuhan.那个工人 兼作家来自武汉。 (2) ano/each/every/many a +单数名词+ and + no

4、 /each/every /many a+单数名词”作主语。 Every man and every woman has a good reason to be proud of the work done by their fathers.每 一个人都很有理由为他们的父亲所从事的职 业感到骄傲。 (3)非谓语动词、名词性从句作主语。 Whatever was left was taken away.无论乘ij 下了 什么都被拿走了。注意：what引导的主语从句，谓语动词一般 用单数形式，若从句谓语或从句后的表语是 复数形式，则谓语动词用复数形式。 What they need are boo

5、ks.他们需要的是书。 2 谓语动词用复数的情况由and连接的两个并列成分表示两个不同的 概念。 Both bread and butter are sold out.面包和黄油 都卖完了。 (2)people, police, cattle等有生命的集体名词 作主语。 People read for pleasure during their spare time. 人们闲暇之余的阅读是为了消遣。考题 E卩证 Yesterday the League secretary and monitorasked to make a speechat the meeting. A. is B. was

6、 C. are D. were解析“the League secretary and monitor”指的是同一人,因为第二个可数名词单数前没 有限定词,因此谓语动词用单数。由时间状 语Yesterday可知,此处应用一般过去时。故 选B。答案B考点三谓语动词单、复数视情况而定 1 集体名词 class , family, army, team, club , population , enemy , party , crowd , crew , audience , public , government , majority, group裁作主语，强调整体用单藪 ,指个体成员用复数。 Th

7、e population in China is very large and 80% of the population live in rural areas.中国人口很 多，其中80%的人住在农村。考题 三卩证The exercises are extremelydifficulty but half of the classthemahead of time. A. has already finished B. will finish C have already finishedD finishes解析考查时态及主谓一致。语意表明谓语 用现在完成时；class , family ,

8、 army z government z group , team z staff z committee / nation , company等集合名词作主语强调整 体时,谓语动词用单数形式,如果强调个体 ,则用复数形式。句中强调个体,所以用复 数。答案C 2单复数同形的名词作主语时，谓语形式要 根据其具体含义而定，这类词有：means, works, pains, deer, fish, sheep 等。 Every means has been tried to solve the problem ,but none is effective.每种方法都试拄，但没 有一个有效。 3. “

9、kind，sort, pair, type + 名词”作主语 ,以这些名词本身的单复数而定。 The kind of paper is made of straw这不中纸是由稻草制成的。111 Some kinds of animals are dying out些千申类 的动物要灭绝了。 4. all, none, some, any等不定代词作主语 ,根据其指代的内容而定。 All is going on very well.一切顺利。 All are present besides the professor.包括教授 在内大家都在。 5 “ half/most/enough/part/

10、the rest/thelast/lots/plenty/分城7百分数+ of +名词作 主语，谓语动词要和of之后的名词单复数保 持一致。 A lot of students are coming to the meeting.有彳艮 多学生要来开会。 A lot of work is to be done to prepare for the conference.准备这次会议需要做大量的工作。考题印证 Such poets as Shakespeare widely read , of whose works , however , some difficult tounderstand

11、. A. are； are B. is； is C. are； is D is ；are解析考查主谓一致。第一空格poets为主 语,第二空格some(works)为主语,谓语动词 都应该用复数。答案A变式应用I 语法填空1 With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities ofgood earth(wash away) each year解析句意：随着大量森林被毁，每年都有大量良田被冲走。quantitiesof后既可以接可数名词，也可以接不可数名词；作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。另根据句意，可知此处 表示被动。答案are being wa

12、shed away 2. The construction of the two new railway linesby now.解析句子的主语是The construction z 谓语动词应该用单数形式,且由句意可知, 此处应用被动语态。答案 has been completed 3(2013 湖南卷改编)The university estimates that living expenses for international students (be) around $8,450 a year, which (be) a burden for some of them.解析句意：那所

13、大学估算,对留学生来说 ,一年的生活开销大约是8450美元,这对其 中一些学生来说是一个负担。第一空的主语 为living expenses，谓语动词用复数形式；第 二空的主语为which ,指代前面整个句子,因 此谓语动词用单数。答案are ； is 4 It is reported that many a new house(build) at present in the disaster area.解析由at present可知本句要用现在进行时 态；“many a +可数名词单数”作主语时, 谓语动词要用单数形式，但表复数意义。句 意：据报道，现在灾区正在建造很多新房子 5 （201

14、3陕西宝鸡二模改编）We each(have) strong points and each of us on the other hand(have) weak points.we each作主语解析句意：我们每个人都有优点,另一方 面,我们每个人也都有弱点。，谓语动词需用复数开彳式；而each of us作主 语时，谓语动词需用单数形式。答案have ； has 6(2013 安徽名校联考改编)-Jeremy rather than his friends (blame) for theaccident. Absolutely. He shouldnt have driven after

15、being drunk.解析句意：是杰里米而不是他的朋友 们应对这次事故负责。一绝对地。他本不该酒后驾车。be to blame for为固定短语,意为“对负有责任”；rather than连接并列主语时,谓语动词应与前面的主语保持数 的令工 7(2013 河南开圭寸一模改编)Two fifths of the land in that district(be) covered withtrees and grass.懈析句意：那个地区五分之二的土地被绿 色植被覆盖。“分数+名词”作主语时，谓 语动词的数取决于分数后的名词。本句中是 不可数名词the land ,故动词用单数形式。答案is 8

16、. (2013 -贵州遵义四中第二次检测改编)Notonly John and Tom but also their sister, Mary,(take) great interest in the pianolessons.解析句意：不仅约翰和汤姆，他们的妹妹 玛丽也对钢琴课很有兴趣。not onlybutalso连接并列结构作主语时,遵循就近一致原则。此处主语是Mary ,故谓语动词用单数答案takesi!musician,(invite) to 9(2013 福建卷改编)The famous as well as his students.perform at the opening

17、ceremony of the 2012 Taipei Flower Expo.懈析as well as连接两个并列主语时，谓语 动迥弹題面的主语保持人称和数的一致， 故谓语动词应与the famous musician至攵，用 第三人称单数形式；再根据题中的标志词at the opening ceremony of the 2012 Taipei Flower Expo可知应用一般过去时。答案was invited 10(2013 -江苏卷改编)Generally, students* inner motivation with high expectations from others(b

18、e) essential to theirdevelopment.解析句意：一般说来，他人对其期望值高 的学生取内在动机对自身的发展是至禾重要 的。主语为students* inner motivation ,为抽象 名词,谓语动词用单数；根据语境及 generally qj知,描述的是一般性的情况,故 用一般现在时。答家1“ 11. Listening to loud music at rock concerts caused hearing loss in some teenagers.答案has 12 On top of the booksthe photoalbum you are l

19、ooking foe答案is 13. The factory used 65 percent of the rawmaterials, the rest of whichsaved forother purposes.答案were 14. The number of foreign students attendingChinese universities rising steadilysince 1990.答案has been 15 . Either you or one of your students to attend the meeting that is duetomorrow.

20、 II .单句改错 1 The number of people who travel by plane in China are larger than ever before.解析the number o億为“的数目”作主语时”谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。 答案are改为is 2. Those who comes to school by bike dont keep your umbrellas open while riding.解析在those后的定语从句中,关系代词 who作主语,从句谓语动词的形式取决于先 行词those ,故用复数形式。 3. One of the books

21、is written in Chinese, and the rest is in English.解析the Tes甘旨的是the rest of the books ,故 谓语动词用复数形式。答案第二个is改为are 4. Each boy and each girl want to serve the people in the future.解析each. and each作主语时,谓语动 词需用单数形式。答案want改为wants答案have改为has 5 Mr. Green，together with his wife and children, have come to Chin

22、a.解析主语Mr. Gwen后虽然有together with短语，但谓语动词不受其影响，仍与主 语Mr. Green- ,故谓语动词用单数形式。 6. Every means have been triedbut we still cant bring the fire under control.解析means当“方式”讲,单复数同形, 此处因有every修饰，谓语动词应用单数has。答案have改为has 7 What he said at the meeting were very important to us.解析what引导的从句作主语时，谓语动词 根据从句表达的意义而定；此处根

23、据句意可 知表示单数意义，谓语动词应用单数形式。 8. He is the only one of my friends who are working hard.解析“the only one of +复数名词”为先行 词,关系代词作主语时,定语从句的谓语动 词用单数形式。答案are改为is 9. What I want to say was that we can go to either of the countries.答案was改为is 10. Most of what has been said about Lily are also true of the Johnsons.答案

24、aw改为is（附）单项填空 1- （2013 -吉林长春三校高三调研）-Don!tmake such a noise again.the rest of Sorry.Oh, look, away the birds! A- fly B- flies C- is flying D are flying解析副词away置于句首且主语是名词时 ,句子应采用完全倒装。注意：该类倒装句 中不能用进行时态；主语the rest of the birds 为复数，谓语用复数形式。故选A。 2. （2013 -黑龙江哈尔滨四校高三统一检测）Aquantity of studentsin the shabbyd

25、ormitory ，whilelarge amounts (ofmoneyspenton the headmasternew car. A. live； has beenB. lives； has been C. lives； have beenD live ； have been解析句意：大批的学生住在破旧的宿舍里 ,而大量的钱花在校长的新车上。a quantity of +名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单 数；“amounts of +名词”作主语时，谓语动 荷申宜数 3（2013 辽宁五校高三考试）Of how manystatesthe United States made up?Pm n

26、ot sure. A. are B. is C has D have解析句意：一美国是由多少个州组成的? 一莪不确定。be made up of “由组成本句的主语the United States是一个国名 ,可看作一个整体,故谓语动词用单数形式 ,选B。答案B4（2012 天津卷）The letters for the boss on his desk but he didn*t read them until three days later. A. were put B. was put C. put D has put解析but连接两个并列的分句,根据but后 面的句子可知,此处应用

27、一般过去时；句子 的圭语letters与put存在被动关系z所以用被 动语态,且因letters为复数，故用复数形式 wereo 冬安1 A 5 Does China have cultural relics? Yes, it is admitted that many cultural relics inthe world, such as the Great Wall, the PotalaPalace and the Mogao Grottoes, China. A belongs toB are belonging to C belonged to D belong to解析belon

28、g to不用于被动语态和进行时态An 1/丄卅 卄、亠*亠吉 6. A recent survey of the opinions of expertsthat three hours of outdoor exercise a weekgood for ones health. A. show； isB. shows； are C. shows； isD. show； are解析考查主谓一致。第一空，主语是“A recent survey” ,谓语动词应该用单数形式, 排除A、D选项；第二空,表示时间的复数名 词作主语,通常视作整体，谓语动词用单数 ,排除B项,故C项正确。答案C 7. When and where to go for the onsalaryholidayyet. A. are not decidedB. haven