天津市河西区2021届高三英语下学期总复习质量调查三模试题（含解析）

1、天津市河西区2021届高三英语下学期总复习质量调查（三模）试题（含解析）第卷(选择题，共95分)第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节：单项填空（共l5小题；每小题1分，满分15分)从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1. Have you been wasting time on computer games again?_ Ive been studying a lot and I need a break.A. No wayB. Not reallyC. I dont agreeD. I couldnt agree more【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查

2、交际用语。句意：你又浪费时间玩电脑游戏了吗？不完全是。我一直在学习，需要休息一下。A. No way没门；B. Not really不完全是；C. I dont agree我不同意；D. I couldnt agree more我完全同意。根据句意和空后的Ive been studying a lot and I need a break.可知，第二个人不是一直在玩游戏。故选B。2. The driver was at _ loss when _word came that he was forbidden to drive for speeding.A. a; /B. a; theC. th

3、e; theD. /; /【答案】A【解析】【分析】【详解】考查冠词。句意：当他因为超速被禁止驾驶这样的消息来的时候，司机不知所措。固定搭配：at a loss“困惑，不知所措”。句中word的意思是“消息”，此时word用作不可数名词，因此前面不加冠词。故选A。3. The police had to_ force to enter the building because the criminal had locked the gate.A. employB. emptyC. enlargeD. enlighten【答案】A【解析】【分析】【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：警察不得不使用武力进入

4、这个建筑物，因为那个罪犯锁上了大门。employ使用，利用；empty把弄空；enlarge扩大；enlighten启发，教化。根据下文“罪犯锁上了大门”可推断，警察不得不使用武力进入。故选A。【点睛】4. The computers made by our company sell wellbut several years ago no one could have imagined the role in the market that they_.A. has playedB. were to playC. had playedD. played【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意

5、：我们公司生产的电脑卖得很好，但是几年前没有人能想象到它将在市场中扮演的角色。were to do是过去将来时，表示过去想象电脑将会起到的作用，前面的imagine决定了后面要跟一个将要发生的动作。故选B。5. Look at this years sales figures_ last years；theyre much better.A. betweenB. fromC. withD. against【答案】D【解析】【分析】【详解】考查介词。句意：看看今年的销售数字和去年的相比，它们好多了。A.between在中间，介于之间；B.from从起，始于；C.with和；同；D.against

6、与相比。根据“theyre much better”可知，此处是指今年的销售数字和去年的相比。故选D。6. A dogs eating habit requires regular training before it is _ established.A. properlyB. widelyC. originallyD. temporarily【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查副词辨析。句意：在狗的饮食习惯被正确地建立之前，需要定期的训练。A. properly正确地；B. widely广泛地；C. originally最初；D. temporarily临时地。狗的饮食习惯不可能是被“广泛地、最

7、初地、临时地”建立，故选A。7. In the Chinese market, many foreign brands, _ their reputations over decades, are facing new challenges due to COVID-19.A. being developedB. developingC. having developedD. developed【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在中国市场上，许多已经发展了其声誉超过几十年的外国品牌，正因COVID-19而面临新的挑战。句中有逗号分隔，没有连词，要用非谓语动词作定语；develop

8、与逻辑主语brands构成主谓关系，要用表示主动的现在分词，排除A、D项；根据over decades可推断，develop的动作发生在谓语动词face之前，要用现在分词的完成式，排除B项。故选C。8. Their team is so powerful that we have very_chance to win, but we will try our best.A. thinB. lightC. rareD. slim【答案】D【解析】【分析】【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们的球队实力很强，我们取胜的机会很小，但我们会尽力的。A. thin瘦的；B. light轻的；C. rar

9、e稀有的；D. slim微小的。根据“chance to win”可知，此处指“取胜的机会很小”，故选D。9. If you don t have a guide,you_ lose your way.A. mustB. dareC. shouldD. could【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：如果你没有向导，你会迷路的。A. nust必须；B. dare敢；C. should应该；D. could能，可以，可能。由语意可知，没有导游的话你就可能迷路，另一层含义就是也有可能不会迷路，因此要使用情态动词表推测的这一用法。故选D项。10. Sorry, I have to_

10、now. It s time for class.OK. itll call back later.A. give upB. hang upC. hold upD. break up【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：很抱歉我要挂电话了，上课时间到了。好的，一会我再打回去。A. give up 放弃；B. hang up 挂断电话；C.hold up 坚持住； D. break up 解散。根据回答当中的call back可知双方是在通电话，所以选择与打电话有关的词语。故选B。 11. Lydia, what did our head-teacher say just now?

11、Every boy and every girl as well as the teachers who _ to lead the group _ asked to be at the school gate before 6:30 in the morning.A. is; isB. are; areC. are; isD. is; are【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查主谓一致。莉迪亚，我们班主任刚才说什么了?要求每个男孩和女孩以及带队的老师在早上六点半以前到校门口。第一空是定语从句中的谓语动词，这个定语从句的先行词是the teachers，所以谓语动词使用复数形式。第二空是主句的谓语动

12、词，句子的主语是Every boy and every girl，所以谓语动词使用单数形式。因为every/each/no+单数名词+ every/each/no做主语的时候，谓语动词使用单数形式。故C正确。12. Though it is 5 years_ he retired from his work place, the old professor remains active in the academic circles.A whenB. thatC. beforeD. since【答案】D【解析】【分析】【详解】考查固定句型和连词辨析。句意：虽然自从他退休已经5年了，但这位老教授

13、在学术界仍然很活跃。A. when当；B. that那个，连词；C. before在.之前；D. since自从。“ It is+一段时间+since+一般过去时”是固定句型，表示“自从以来多长时间”，根据句意，故选D。【点睛】13. It is generally agreed that new contents should be added to a good dictionary at regular_.A. gapsB. intervalsC. lengthD. distance【答案】B【解析】【分析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一本好词典应该定期添加新内容，这是大家一致同意的

14、。A. gap缺口；裂缝；间隔期；B. intervals（时间上的）间隔；C. length长度；D. distance距离。结合语境可知，“new contents”应是指随着时代发展而出现的“新词”，随时会出现，因此应及时定期更新词典内容。“at intervals”，固定短语，意为“每隔一段时间”，符合语境搭配。故选B项。14. Swimming is good for teenagers, _ some experts say will help them to stimulate their potential and promote their brain development

15、.A. whichB. whyC. WhomD. what【答案】A【解析】【分析】【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：游泳对青少年有好处，一些专家说，这将帮助他们激发潜能，促进他们的大脑发展。分析句子成分可知，“_ some experts say will help them to.”为非限制性定语从句，修饰整个主句“Swimming is good for teenagers(游泳对青少年有好处)”，所设空处可译为“这件事/这一点”，并在该句中充当宾语从句中的主语，故应用which，故选A。15. One of the proudest moments in my life is _ I

16、 was rewarded for my courage after saving a drowning child.A. thatB. whenC. whatD. which【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查连接词。句意：我一生中最值得骄傲的时刻之一，是在救了一个溺水儿童后，我的勇气得到了回报。本句为表语从句，从句中缺少时间状语，故用when引导。故选B。第二节：完形填空(共20小题：每小题1.5分,满分30分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意,然后从16-35题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项.As she pulled herself over the summit of EI Capi

17、tan, Emily Harrington knew she had made history.It wasnt _16_.The US climber had powered on through the dark and dealt with a deep cut to her head to become the first woman to free _17_ the difficult route in under 24 hours.Id just_18_ what it would be like and it was pretty much exactly what l pict

18、ured, “Harrington said excitedly.It was incredibly quiet. It was super _19_.All the stars were out. It was just this really peaceful experience. I keep telling people that when great sporting_20_ happen, a lot of times theres an_21_ or theres a stadium. With climbing, its not so much like that. It w

19、as just this really_22_ special moment in this magical place. And its something Ill never_23_.Free climbers use just their hands and feet to climb, with a rope to_24_ them if they fall. Such a dangerous and_25_ life-threatening_26_ requires years of preparation, both mentally and physically.Harringt

20、on had climbed this particular_27_ over the course of six days in 2015 and had, _28_ tried three times to complete it within 24 hours.However an attempt last year ended in_29_ after Harrington, fell 50 feet, hit her head on a ledge (岩架), and_30_ concussion (脑震荡).It was very_31_. It was very serious

21、initially and it_32_ that I got really lucky and I did not suffer any long-term_33_，”she added.Is definitely a mental struggle, coming over that hurdle, coming back into this year and_34_ again. Finally she_35_ it.16. A. crazyB. easyC. skepticalD. casual17. A. climbB. runC. cycleD. walk18. A. studie

22、dB. plannedC. scheduledD. imagined19. A. cheerfulB. excitingC. darkD. fearful20. A. improvementsB. achievementsC. surroundingsD. reports21. A. actorB. organizerC. officialD. audience22. A. quietB. calmC. silentD. still23. A. predictB. discoverC. experienceD. forget24. A. throwB. fetchC. catchD. move

23、25. A. consequentlyB. potentiallyC. hardlyD. finally26. A. challengeB. obstacleC. troubleD. barrier27. A. routeB. cornerC. rockD. road28. A. frequentlyB. subsequentlyC. smoothlyD. rarely29. A. sadnessB. doubtC. disasterD. anxiety30. A. obtainedB. acquiredC. affectedD. suffered31. A. scaryB. disappoi

24、ntedC. activeD. funny32. A. figured outB. found outC. turned outD. brought out33. A. failuresB. woundsC. damagesD. injuries34. A. defeatingB. tryingC. exploringD. competing35. A. abandonedB. missedC. madeD. controlled【答案】16. B 17. A 18. D 19. C 20. B 21. D 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. A 28. B 2

25、9. C 30. D 31. A 32. C 33. D 34. B 35. C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Harrington成功攀顶EI Capitan，成为在24小时内自由攀爬这条艰难路线的第一位女性。【16题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这并不容易。A. crazy疯狂的；B. easy容易的；C. skeptical怀疑的；D. casual偶然的。根据“The US climber had powered on through the dark and dealt with a deep cut to her head”可知，攀登EI Capitan的顶峰并不

26、是一件容易的事。故选B。【17题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位美国登山者在黑暗中前行，头部带着一道深深的伤口，成为了24小时内第一个自由攀登这条艰难路线的女性。”A. climb爬，攀登；B. run跑；C. cycle骑自行车；D. walk步行。根据下文“Harrington had climbed this particular_12_ over the course of six days in 2015”可知，此处是攀登，故选A。【18题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：哈林顿兴奋地说：“我只是想象了一下那会是什么样子，和我想象的差不多。”A. studied学习；B. planne

27、d计划；C. scheduled安排；D. imagined想象。同本句中的“pictured”的同义，都是想象，故选D。【19题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当时超级黑。A. cheerful愉快的；B. exciting令人兴奋的；C. dark黑暗的；D. fearful可怕的。根据下文“All the stars were out.”可知，是晚上，故选C。【20题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我一直告诉人们，当伟大的体育成就发生时，很多时候会有观众或体育场。A. improvements提高；B. achievements成就；C. surroundings环境；D. reports

28、报道。根据语境及“great”可知，此处指伟大的体育成就，故选B。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. actor演员；B. organizer组织者；C. official官员；D. audience观众。根据下文“theres a stadium”及语境可知，当伟大的体育成就发生时，应该有观众见证，故选D。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：只是在这个神奇的地方，一个非常安静特别的时刻。A. quiet安静的；B. calm镇静的；C. silent沉默的；D. still静止的，不动的。根据上文“It was incredibly quiet.”和“With climbin

29、g, its not so much like that.”可知，爬山取得成就，与体育的成就不同，山顶上没有其他人，所以此刻很安静，故选A。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是我永远不会忘记的。A. predict预测；B. discover发现；C. experience经历；D. forget忘记。根据上文“special moment in this magical place”可知，此处指永远不会忘记，故选D。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：自由攀登者仅用手和脚攀爬，如果他们坠落，还有一根绳子接住他们。A. throw扔；B. fetch取来；C. catch抓住；D. m

30、ove移动。根据本句中的“a rope”和“if they fall”可知，此处如果他们掉下去，用绳子“抓住”他们，故选C。【25题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：这样一个危险的、可能危及生命的挑战需要多年的心理和身体上的准备。A. consequently因此，结果；B. potentially潜在地，可能，地；C. hardly几乎不；D. finally最后。根据“dangerous”可知，自由攀登非常危险，可能对生命有威胁，故选B。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. challenge挑战；B. obstacle障碍；C. trouble麻烦；D. barrier障碍。根据“

31、life-threatening”和“requires years of preparation”可知，自由攀登是一项挑战，故选A。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：2015年，哈林顿花了六天时间爬上了这条路线，后来又尝试了三次，想在24小时内完成。A. route路线；B. corner角落；C. rock岩石；D. road马路。根据上文“to become the first woman to free _2_ the difficult route in under 24 hours.”可知，此处指攀登这条路线，故选A。【28题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. frequen

32、tly经常；B. subsequently随后；C. smoothly顺利地；D. rarely很少。根据前后可知，此处是时间上的先后关系，故选B。29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，去年的一次尝试却以灾难告终，哈林顿从50英尺的高空坠落，头部撞在了壁架上，造成脑震荡。A. sadness悲伤；B. doubt怀疑；C. disaster灾难；D. anxiety焦虑。根据下文“fell 50 feet, hit her head on a ledge(岩架), and_15_ concussion (脑震荡)”可知，去年的尝试以灾难告终，故选C。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上

33、。A. obtained获得；B. acquired取得；C. affected影响；D. suffered遭受，患病根据上文“fell 50 feet, hit her head on a ledge (岩架)”可知，此处是患上脑震荡。故选D。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：太可怕了。A. scary可怕的；B. disappointed失望的；C. active活跃的；D. funny有趣的。根据上文“fell 50 feet, hit her head on a ledge (岩架), and_15_ concussion (脑震荡) ”和下文“It was very serio

34、us initially”可知，此处是可怕的，故选A。【32题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：一开始我的伤势很严重，后来发现我真的很幸运，没有遭受任何长期的伤害。”A. figured out想出；B. found out查明；C. turned out最后是；D. brought out生产。根据上文“It was very serious initially”可知，最后是幸运的，故选C。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. failures失败；B. wounds伤口；C. damages损坏；D. injuries伤痛。根据上文“fell 50 feet, hit her hea

35、d on a ledge (岩架), and_15_ concussion (脑震荡)”和“It was very serious initially”可知，此处是没遭受长期的损伤，injury常指意外事故造成的损伤，故选D。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这绝对是一种心理斗争，要跨过这个障碍，回到今年再试一次。A. defeating击败；B. trying尝试；C. exploring探索；D. competing竞争。根据下文的“again”可知，此处是再一次尝试，故选B。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她终于做到了。A. abandoned放弃；B. missed错过；C.

36、 made使成功；D. controlled控制。根据前文可知，她最后成功登上了EI Capitan，“make it”意为“成功做到”故选C。第二部分：阅读理解(共20小题：每小题2.5分，满分50分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、 C、 D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AProm tradition comes to UKProms (正式舞会) are big news in Britain these days. A school prom is a formal party to celebrate an important date at school such as the en

37、d of secondary school or after completing school exams. A secondary school prom often involves a big party, big dresses and huge cars.Prom partiesProms are held in June or July, around the end of exam time. The idea is to lave fin with your school friends and celebrate your time and achievements at

38、school. Some schools hold a luxury party in a five-star hotel. Others have a more basic dinner in the school hall. The school can organize the prom or they can pay a professional organization to arrange it. A prom organizer provides everything for the special event including the party location, ball

39、oons, food, music, cars and clothes.Clothes and beautyYoung people like to dress up for their prom. On prom night girls swap their school uniform for an elegant evening dress and high heels. Boys usually dress up in a suit with a tie and smart shoes. The right hairstyle and makeup are important too.

40、 Some beauty salons offer a special “prom deal” which includes hair, makeup, eyelashes, nails and a spray tan (喷雾染肤色). A tan is fashionable with both boys and girls.MoneyThe school prom is big business; the average prom costs parents over200 per teenager. Not all families have money to spend on thei

41、r teenagers prom, of course. Some teenagers work part-tine to cover their prom expenses. Popular jobs include babysitting,shop work and working as a waiter or waitress.An American traditionNot long ago most British schools didnt have school proms. They probably had a simple school disco at the end o

42、f term. Now, more than 85 percent of schools in Britain have a prom. However, the modern British school prom is not popular with some parents of teenagers. Many adults see the prom as an import from the USA. They say that American TV programs and films such as High School Musial have a big influence

43、 on their kids.36. What do we know about proms?A. Proms are casual parties for close friends.B. Proms are held to celebrate the beginning of a new term.C. Proms can be held in different places.D. Proms are usually organized by students parents.37. How do students usually dress up for proms?A. They w

44、ear school uniforms.B. They wear strange clothes with heavy makeup.C. They dress up in casual clothes with light makeup.D. They dress up formally with the right hairstyle.38. Why do some teenagers work par-time before the proms?A. To experience the working environment.B. To pay for prom expenses.C.

45、To help cover their families expenses.D. To support businesses that organized their proms.39. Why do some parents of British teenagers dislike modern British school proms according to the last paragraph?A. Proms are too expensive for them.B. Proms have replaced the school disco.C. Proms were taken f

46、rom American culture.D. Proms influence their kids learning.【答案】36. C 37. D 38. B 39. C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了现在青少年比较重视的毕业舞会以及毕业舞会学生们都会准备什么东西。【36题详解】细节理解题。根据Prom parties中的“Some schools hold a luxury party in a five-star hotel. Others have a more basic dinner in the school hall. (有些学校在五星级酒店举办豪华派对。其他

47、人在学校礼堂吃更基本的晚餐。)”可知，舞会可以在五星级酒店举办，也可以在学校礼堂举办，说明舞会可以在不同的地方举行。故选C。【37题详解】细节理解题。根据Clothes and beauty中的“On prom night girls swap their school uniform for an elegant evening dress and high heels. Boys usually dress up in a suit with a tie and smart shoes. The right hairstyle and makeup are important too. (

48、在毕业舞会之夜，女孩们脱掉校服，换上优雅的晚礼服和高跟鞋。男孩通常穿西装，打领带，穿漂亮的鞋子。正确的发型和妆容也很重要。)”可知，学生们通常穿着正式，发型得体地去参加毕业舞会。故选D。【38题详解】细节理解题。根据Money中的“Some teenagers work part-tine to cover their prom expenses. (一些青少年兼职工作来支付毕业舞会的费用。)”可知，一些青少年在毕业舞会前做兼职工作来支付舞会的费用。故选B。【39题详解】细节理解题。根据An American tradition中的“However, the modern British sc

49、hool prom is not popular with some parents of teenagers. Many adults see the prom as an import from the USA. They say that American TV programs and films such as High School Musial have a big influence on their kids. (然而，现代英国学校的舞会并不受一些青少年家长的欢迎。许多成年人认为舞会是从美国进口的。他们说，美国电视节目和电影，如歌舞青春对他们的孩子有很大的影响。)”可知，英国

50、青少年的父母不喜欢现代英国学校的舞会，是因为舞会是来自美国文化。故选C。BWhile every dog owner knows their dogs can read their moods perfectly,scientists have always been a little doubtful. Now thanks to some researchers at the University of Veterinary Medicine in Vienna, Austria, we finally have some convincing evidence.For their stu

51、dy. biologist Corson Miller and his team exposes eleven selected dogs to digital images of women that were either angry or happy. Half the dogs were rewarded for touching the screen when shown a happy face, while the other half got their treat for selecting those that appeared angry.Interestingly,th

52、e dogs were not provided with the entire face. Some dogs were shown only upper halves while the others observed lower halves. Thats because the scientists believe humans show their emotions on their entire face.After some training like how to recognize small differences like the wrinkles between the

53、 eyes or the changes in their shape that accompany the happy or angry expressions, the dogs were mostly able to identify the correct expression not only on a familiar face but on a strange face. The researchers concluded the dogs were smart enough to read human emotions.They also found those being t

54、rained to read angry expressions took a longer time to learn. They guess it may be because dogs find angry faces disgusting, causing them to withdraw quickly. However, once the smart dogs realized they were getting rewarded, the trepidation seemed to disappear. In fact, the dogs had such a good time

55、 playing the computer game. That scientists had a hard time keeping them away from the touch screens after the study was completed.The researchers also noticed only dogs with a male owner had a harder time understanding the expressions correctly. Since the touch-screen models were all females, this

56、confirmed what has been observed in previous studies dogs are more efficient at reading facial expressions of people that are the same gender as their owner.40. How did the scientists conduct the experiment?A. By leaving dogs to women who are either happy or angry.B. By mixing the selected dogs together.C. By rewarding only half of the dogs touching the screenD. By showing digital pictures of womens happy or angry faces.41. The underlined word Trepidation in Paragraph s probably means _.A. fear and hesitationB. curiosity an