[大学英语考试复习资料]北京成人本科英语真题2010年11月

1、大学英语考试复习资料北京成人本科英语真题2010年11月大学英语考试复习资料北京成人本科英语真题2010年11月北京成人本科英语真题2010年11月Part Reading Comprehension Directions: There are three passages in this part Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D You should decide on

2、 the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet Passage 1 Archaeology, like many academic words, comes from Greek and means, more or less, the study of old things. So, it is really a part of the study of history. However, most historians use paper evidence, such as letters,

3、 paintings and photographs, but archaeologists (考古学家) learn from the objects left behind by the humans of long ago. Normally, these are the hard materials that dont break down or disappear very quickly-things like human bones and objects made from stone and metal. It is very unusual to find anything

4、 more than the hard evidence of history-normally, the bacteria (细菌) in the air eat away at soft materials, like bodies, clothes and things made of wood Occasionally, things are different In 1984, two men made an amazing discovery while working in a bog called Lindow Moss, in the north of England. A

5、bog is a very wet area of earth, with a lot of plants growing in it. It can be like a very big and very thick vegetable soup-walk in the wrong place and you can sink and disappear forever. The men were working when one of them saw something sticking out- a human foot! Naturally, the men called the p

6、olice, who then found the rest of the body. Was it a case of murder? Possibly-but it was a death nearly two thousand years old. The two men had found a body from the time of the Roman invasion of Britain. Despite being so old, this body had skin, muscles, hair and internal organs-the scientists who

7、examined him were able to look inside the mans stomach and find the food that he had eaten for his last meal! Why was this man so well preserved? (76) It was because he was in a very watery environment, safe from the bacteria that need oxygen to live. Also, the water in the bog was very acidic. The

8、acid preserved the mans skin in the way that animal skin is preserved for leather coats and shoes. How did he die? Understandably, archaeologists and other scientists wanted to know more about the person that they called, Lindow Man. (77) His hands and fingernails suggested that he hadnt done heavy

9、manual work in this life-he could have been a rich man. They found that he hadnt died by accident. The archaeologists believe that he was sacrificed to three different gods. 1. Which language does the word archaeology come from?A.French.B.Greek.C.Roman.D.German.答案:B细节题。根据原文第一段第一句话可知，“archaeology”一词源

10、于希腊语。 因此答案选择B。2. The word these in the first paragraph refers to _.A.lettersB.photographsC.paintingsD.objects答案:D细节题。根据“these”一词的上下语境可判断，该词是指上句话中的“objects left behind by the humans of long ago”，很久以前人们留下来诸如骨头、石头和金属之类的物体，因此答案选择D。3. Which of the following helped to preserve Lindow Man?A.Ice and low tem

11、perature.B.Bacteria and oxygen.C.Soil and energy.D.Acid and water.答案:D细节题。根据文章第四段的“he was in a very watery environment”和 “the water in the bog was very acidic”，可知是由于充满水的环境以及水里面的酸使尸体保存比较完好，因此答案选D。4. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?A.Lindow Man was named after the p

12、erson who first found him.B.Historians usually use paper evidence, while archaeologists use hard evidence.C.Lindow Man was found by two archaeologists in the south of England.D.Lindow Man was good at manual work.答案:B细节题。根据文章第三段和最后一段可知“Lindow Moss”是bog沼泽的名称，“Lindow Man”由此而得名，故A错；“Lindow Man”是由两个施工中的男

13、子发现的，故C错；根据最后一段，可知“Lindow Man”是一个很少做体力活的富人，故D错；而从第一段中，可得知B对。5. Which is the best title for the passage?A.What Is Archaeology?B.Archaeology and History.C.An Amazing Archaeological Discovery.D.The Death of Lindow Man.答案:C主旨题。根据文章内容可知，文章主要介绍了“Lindow Man”这一考古学上的惊人发现，而非讲述考古学的概念，也非考古学与历史的关系或“Lindow Man” 的

14、死因，因此A、B、D均为以偏概全。Passage 2 The city has always been an engine of intellectual life, from the 18th century cafes of London, where citizens gathered to discuss chemistry and politics, to the Left Bank bars of modem Paris, where Picasso talked about modem art. Without the metropolis, we might not have

15、had the great art of Shakespeare. And yet, city life isnt easy. Now scientists have begun to examine how the city affects the brain, and the results are depressing. Just being in an urban environment, they have found, impairs (损害) our basic mental processes. (78) After spending a few minutes on a cr

16、owded city street, the brain is less able to hold things in memory, and suffers from reduced self control. While its long been recognized that city life is exhausting, this new research suggests that cities actually dull our thinking, sometimes dramatically so. One of the main forces at work is a co

17、mplete lack of nature, which is surprisingly beneficial for the brain. Studies have demonstrated, for instance, that hospital patients recover more quickly when they can see trees from their windows, and that women living in public housing are better able to focus when their apartments overlook a la

18、wn. Even these glimpses of nature improve brain performance, it seems, because they provide a mental break from the urban life. This research arrives just as humans cross an important milestone (里程碑). For the first time in history, the majority of people live in cities. Instead of inhabiting wide op

19、en spaces, were crowded into concrete jungles, surrounded by traffic and millions of strangers. In recent years, its become clear that such unnatural surroundings have important implications for our mental and physical health, and can powerfully alter how we think. This research is also leading some

20、 scientists to dabble (涉足) in urban design, as they look for ways to make the city less damaging to the brain. (79) The good news is that even slight alterations, such as planting more trees in the inner city or creating urban parks with a greater variety of plants, can significantly reduce the nega

21、tive side effects of city life. The mind needs nature, and even a little bit can be a big help. 1. Which of the following is the main idea of this passage?A.The city inspires talented people.B.The city hurts your brain.C.The city has many pleasures and benefits.D.The city seriously affects the natur

22、al balance.答案:B主旨题。根据文章大意，讲的是城市生活影响人们的大脑，因此选B The city hurts your brain。2. The word metropolis in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to _.A.citizenB.natureC.cityD.stress答案:C猜测词义题。根据上文讲的the city的种种好处，可知此处metropolis也是city的意思。3. People have just come to realize that _.A.human attention is a scar

23、ce resourceB.city life can make people very tiredC.the city is an engine of intellectual lifeD.an urban environment is damaging to the brain答案:D根据文章第二段Now scientists have begun to examine how the city affects the brain，and the results are depressing可知，人们开始认识到城市的环境对人体大脑的损害，因此选择D。4. What is the factor

24、 mentioned in the third paragraph that helps the hospital patients recover more quickly?A.Nature.B.Better treatment.C.Experienced doctors.D.Good medicine.答案:A文章第三段第一句One of the main forces at work is a complete lack of nature，which is surprisingly beneficial for the brain，which引导的定语从句修饰nature，说它是对大脑

25、有益的，紧接着举了医院病人看到更多的树而康复更快的例子，因此本题选A。5. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?A.Different aspects (方面) of an urban environment, such as the crowded streets, can lead to an increase in self control.B.Small changes in urban design cannot reduce the negative side effects of

26、city life.C.For the first time in history, the earths population is more urban than rural.D.A walk down a busy city street will improve brain performance.答案:C细节题，根据文章倒数第二段For the first time in history，the majority of people live in cities大多数人开始生活在城市，可知C the earths population is more urban than rural

27、是正确的。Passage 3 Breastfeeding (母乳喂养) for a month or longer appears to reduce a womans risk of getting diabetes (糖尿病) later in life, according to a new study. The breastfeeding and diabetes link has been reported in other studies, according to researcher Eleanor Schwarz. Yet, her study makes the link

28、easier to believe. Her study is published in a journal of medicine in America. Schwarz and her colleagues looked at data about breastfeeding practices. They evaluated data on 2, 233 women from California. Of those, 405 were not mothers, 1,125 were mothers who breastfed for at least a month, and 703

29、were mothers who had never breastfed. They were 40 to 78 years old. According to Schwarzs study, the risk of getting a diagnosis (诊断) of Type 2 diabetes for women who breastfed all their children for a month or longer was similar to that of women who had not given birth. But mothers who had never br

30、eastfed were nearly twice as likely to develop diabetes as women who had never given birth. Mothers who never breastfed were about 1.4 times as likely to develop diabetes as women who breastfed for one to three months, Schwarz found. While one month of breastfeeding appears to make a difference, Sch

31、warz says, even longer is better. (80) Previous studies have shown the longer the mom breastfeeds, the more benefit for her body. Many experts recommend breastfeeding for six months and continuing for a year, she says. The diabetes breastfeeding link is probably explained by belly fat. Mothers, who

32、dont breastfeed, as they get older, may have more belly fat, as breastfeeding helps new mothers take off weight. Belly fat increases the risk of diabetes as you get older, she says. The finding isnt surprising at all, says Kimberly Gregory. She often gives advice to women who get diabetes occurring

33、during pregnancy (怀孕) that they are at risk for later getting Type 2 diabetes and suggests they breastfeed. The new findings will probably inspire Gregory to add to the advice she gives moms-to-be about the benefits of breastfeeding. She often focuses on the benefits to the baby. 1. According to the

34、 first paragraph, which of the following statements is TRUE?A.About two thousand and two hundred old women took part in the study.B.Eleanor Schwarzs research program was about men and women who suffered from diabetes.C.Over one fifths of the women never got married.D.Eleanor Schwarzs results seem mo

35、re reliable.答案:D根据文章第一段“Yet，her study makes the link easier to believe”，可知她的研究使人们更容易信服，即D选项“more reliable”。2. According to Schwarzs findings, who are more likely to get diabetes later in life?A.Those mothers who had never breastfed.B.Those mothers who never gave birth.C.Those mothers who breastfed f

36、or a month.D.Those mothers who breastfed for six months.答案:A根据文章第二段“But mothers who had never breastfed were nearly twice as likely to develop diabetes as women who had never given birth”可知，从未进行过母乳喂养的母亲患糖尿病的几率是最大的，因此选A。3. Which of the following statements would Schwarz agree with?A.Breastfeeding is

37、not advisable because it is not good for a mom to keep a good shape.B.Breastfeeding can greatly reduce a mothers chances of getting all kinds of serious disease.C.Breastfeeding for a month is highly recommended: the longer, the better.D.Breastfeeding for a month or longer makes babies smarter.答案:C文章

38、第三段开头一句While one month of breastfeeding appears to make a difference，Schwarz says，even longer is better符合C选项的意思。4. What does the author mean by moms to be in the last paragraph?A.Women who are pregnant, especially for the first time.B.Women who dream of having babies for the first time.C.Women who a

39、lready have children.D.Women who have just got babies for the first time.答案:Amoms-to-be的意思就是“准妈妈们”，因此选A“怀孕的女性”。5. Which of the following is an appropriate title for this passage?A.Breastfeeding May Enhance Babies Chances of Survival.B.Breastfeeding May Lower Moms Diabetes Risk.C.Breastfeeding May Be

40、come Very Fashionable in Near Future.D.Breastfeeding May Help Women Lose Weight.答案:B主旨题。根据文章内容可知，文章主要介绍母乳喂养和患糖尿病之间的关系，即B Breastfeeding May Lower Morns Diabetes Risk母乳喂养可能降低母亲患糖尿病的几率。Part Vocabulary and Structure Directions: In this part there are 30 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are

41、four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. 问题:1. You should carefully think over _ the manager said at the meeting.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.whose.答案:C本题考查宾语从句连接词。主句谓语动词think over后面缺宾语，后面的宾语从句的谓语动词s

42、aid后面也缺少宾语，所以用what引导。问题:2. Last week I wrote to the hotel to book a room, but they _ yet.A.didnt answerB.wasnt answeringC.hadnt answeredD.havent answered答案:D本题考查现在完成时用法，常和yet连用。D是完成时态，表示从上周到现在一直没有得到答复，符合题意。问题:3. Diana felt very much upset at _ to the party as she had longed to go for a long time.A.h

43、aving not been invitedB.not having been invitedC.not to be inviteD.to be not invited答案:B本题考查非谓语动词作介词宾语。invite的非谓语动词与主语之间是被动的逻辑关系，因为“没被邀请参加晚会”这个动作发生在谓语felt之前，所以用完成时，否定词not要置于ing前面。问题:4. On no account _ held responsible for the car accident, so he should not be put into prison.A.the driver can beB.can

44、 the driver be.C.the driver beD.be the driver答案:B本题考查倒装句用法。否定词on no account放在句首，句子要倒装，所以只能在B和D中选，但D中谓语动词be原形不对。问题:5. All the kids are crying now. What _ makes them so unhappy?A.it isB.is itC.it is thatD.is it that答案:D本题考查强调句。it is that，这句活还原为陈述句：it is what that makes them so unhappy。问题:6. Unfortunat

45、ely, the package I was expecting was _ to the wrong address.A.writtenB.givenC.packedD.delivered答案:D本题考查动词词义。A被写；B被给予；C被包裹；D被送往。只有D符合题意。问题:7. _ by a large audience, he felt very nervous and didnt know what to say.A.WatchingB.WatchC.WatchedD.Having watched答案:C本题考查过去分词作原因状语。这里watch的非谓语动词和he之间是被动的逻辑关系：因

46、为被一大群观众看着，他才感到很紧张，不知道说什么好。问题:8. Im very grateful for your help and hope to do something for you _ in the future.A.in exchangeB.insteadC.in returnD.in particular答案:C本题考查几个短语的意思。A作为交换；B代替，顶替；C作为回报；D特别地，尤其。只有C符合题意。问题:9. I can _ you that the animals are well cared for in our zoo, so you neednt worry abo

47、ut them.A.supposeB.assumeC.assureD.grant答案:C本题考查几个动词的词义。A猜想，认为；B假设，猜想；C使相信，使确信；D准许，答应给予。只有C符合题意。assure sb. that意为“使某人确信”。问题:10. The drowning boy made a _ attempt to catch the rope thrown to him.A.dangerousB.gracefulC.gentleD.desperate答案:D本题考查几个形容词词义。A危险的；B优雅的；C温和的；D拼命的。只有D符合题意。问题:11. If we _ early t

48、omorrow morning, we will reach the coast before dark.A.take offB.set offC.set upD.take up答案:B本题考查几个动词短语的意思。A脱掉，(飞机)起飞；B出发，动身；C建立，建造；D拿起，占去(时间/空间)。只有B符合题意。问题:12. A lot of people mistake John for Bill because they _ each other in appearance too much!A.weaveB.utilizeC.revealD.resemble答案:D本题考查几个动词的词义。A编

49、，织，织成；B利用，使用；C显示，露出；D看起来像。只有D符合题意。问题:13. When there are cordial relations between the two countries, we mean there exists a _ relationship between them.A.friendlyB.hostileC.fertileD.complicated答案:A本题考查几个形容词词义。A友好的，友善的；B怀有敌意的，不友善的；C多产的，富饶的；D结构复杂的。只有A符合题意。问题:14. The patients recovery was very encourag

50、ing as he could _ get out of bed without help.A.onlyB.almostC.merelyD.hardly答案:B本题考查几个副词的用法和词义。A只，仅仅；B几乎；C仅仅，只是；D几乎不。只有B符合题意。问题:15. At the job interview, Mr. Brown gave a good _ of himself and finally got a job as a salesman.A.opinionB.ideaC.cryD.account答案:D本题考查几个名词的意思。A意见；B想法，观点；C哭，喊；D描述，报道。只有D符合题意

51、。问题:16. As is well known, eating too much fat can _ heart disease and cause high blood pressure.A.add toB.attend toC.contribute toD.apply to答案:C本题考查几个动词短语的意思。A增加，加强；B照料，照顾；C促成，导致；D适用于，用于。只有C符合题意。问题:17. A club is a place to make frequent _ with friends.A.accountsB.attemptsC.contentsD.contacts答案:D本题考查

52、固定搭配。make contacts with sb. 意思是“和某人来往”。问题:18. _ the obvious differences in size and population, the states of America have many things _ common.A.Although; onB.Though; inC.Despite; inD.Because of; on答案:C本题考查连词和介词的用法。although和though是连接词，引导让步状语从句，而despite是介词，后面接名词或短语，固定搭配：havein common的意思是“有共同点”。问题:19

53、. Scientists say it may be five or six years _ this medicine is tested on human beings.A.sinceB.beforeC.afterD.when答案:B本题考查时间状语的连接词。题意是说“科学家们说大概要等5到6年，这种药才会在人类身上试验”。before引导时间状语从句，表示“在之前”。问题:20. With larger numbers of graduates than ever before, just having a degree will no longer be enough to make

54、you _ in the crowd.A.stand upB.stand byC.stand forD.stand out.答案:D本题考查动词stand和介词搭配的词义。A起身，站起来；B站在旁边，袖手旁观；C代表；D突出，脱颖而出。只有D符合题意。问题:21. The doctor tried to do an experiment to find out the _ of the medicine on the mice.A.causeB.resultC.reasonD.effect答案:D本题考查几个名词的词义。A原因，起因；B结果；C理由；D影响。只有D符合题意。问题:22. Thi

55、s is only one of the laundries in the district _ modem equipment.A.that haveB.which haveC.that hasD.what has答案:C本题考查定语从句引导词用法。先行词是物，所以用that或which，但当前面有only修饰时，只能用that引导，在后面的定语从句中作主语。因为主语是one of the laundries单数，所以从句的谓语动词也要用单数形式。问题:23. Skating can be good for you _ correctly.A.though doingB.though don

56、eC.if doneD.if doing答案:C本题考查省略句的用法。后面的if引导的是条件状语从句，完整的形式是：Skating can be good for you if it is done correctly后面的it指代的是前面的skating。问题:24. By the end of last week 611 people from 49 countries _ to attend the meeting, with nearly half coming from the United States, Germany and Britain.A.had registeredB.have registeredC.registeredD.were registered答案:A本题考查过去完成时用法。因为前面出现了by the end of the last week，说明谓语动词动作发生在过去的过去，所以用had registered已经注册。问题:25. It was suggested that _ big event like the Year of Russia in China should certainly benefit _ relationship between