4 英语合同点特分析

1、1孟繁谊2英语合同结构英语合同结构n英文商务合同内容大致可分成三个部分：英文商务合同内容大致可分成三个部分：n约首约首(the head)(the head)约首包括合同标题和前言约首包括合同标题和前言; ;n本文本文(the body)(the body)(可分为可分为要约要约和和责任责任两个部两个部分分) )本文包括要约部分本文包括要约部分( (即对标的物的描述即对标的物的描述和要求和要求) )和双方的责任、义务和双方的责任、义务( (对双方的责对双方的责任要求以及违约应承担的责任任要求以及违约应承担的责任););3n约尾约尾(the tail)(the tail)。约尾则包括合同份数、。

2、约尾则包括合同份数、文字效力、合同附件的效力以及签名、盖文字效力、合同附件的效力以及签名、盖章等条款。章等条款。4一、一、PreamblePreamble开头词语开头词语n（1 1）开头词语，是用在国际商务合同）开头词语，是用在国际商务合同文件的前言部分，表明行文的背景、目文件的前言部分，表明行文的背景、目的、依据、原因等内容的合同用语。的、依据、原因等内容的合同用语。5nThis agreement is made and entered into by and between the parties concerned on September 20, 1992 in Qingdao, C

3、hina on the basis of equality and mutual benefit to develop business on terms and conditions mutually agreed upon as follows:n本协议于本协议于19921992年年9 9月月2020日在中国青岛由日在中国青岛由有关有关双方双方在在平等互利平等互利基础上基础上达成达成，按双方同意，按双方同意的下列的下列条件条件发展业务关系：发展业务关系：6nThis contract is made and entered into in Guangzhou, China on this

4、20th day of Sep. 2000, by and between A Company, a corporation duly organized and existing under the laws of P.R. China with its domicile at #222 St. Huangshi (E), Guangzhou, China (hereinafter referred to as Party A), and B Company, a company incorporated and existing under the laws of USA with its

5、 domicile at Fl 5th Shiny Center NY, USA (hereinafter referred to as Party B) 7nThis contract is made and entered into in Guangzhou, China on this 20th day of September, 2000, by and between A Company, a corporation duly organized and existing under the laws of P.R. China with its domicile at #222 S

6、t. Huangshi (E), Guangzhou, China (hereinafter referred to as Party A), and B Company, a company incorporated and existing under the laws of USA with its domicile at Fl 5th Shiny Center NY, USA (hereinafter referred to as Party B) n本协议本协议按照中国按照中国法律合法注册法律合法注册的，注册地点是的，注册地点是 ( (公司地公司地点点) ) 中国广州环市东路中国广州

7、环市东路222222号的号的A A公司公司，以下简称甲方以下简称甲方，与，与在在美国合法注册美国合法注册，公司注册地点是美国纽约阳光大厦五层，公司注册地点是美国纽约阳光大厦五层的的B B公司公司于于20002000年年9 9月月2020日在中国广州日在中国广州签署签署。 8nThe two parties desire to enter into this contract through friendly consultation under the terms and conditions as follows: .n双方通过双方通过友好协商友好协商达成达成如下如下协议协议：9n(2) “

8、鉴于鉴于(Whereas)”、“叙述叙述(Recital)”或或“背景背景(Background)”部分该部分主要是部分该部分主要是介绍合同的相关情况，具体有如下内容：介绍合同的相关情况，具体有如下内容： na) 合同双合同双(各各)方的背景情况介绍，如各方所方的背景情况介绍，如各方所从事的行业：从事的行业： nb) 明确指明合同双明确指明合同双(各各)方愿意签订本合同方愿意签订本合同。10nWITNESSETH THAT nWHEREAS Party A has been a leading trading company in the field of the said products

9、and is willing to arrange the manufacture, assembly and marketing of the said Products, and, n鉴于鉴于：甲方甲方是是本产品本产品生产领域内的主要生生产领域内的主要生产商产商，甲方甲方愿意愿意生产生产，安装并销售本产品安装并销售本产品;11nWHEREAS both parties are desirous to establish a joint venture company to manufacture，assemble and market the said products. n鉴于鉴于：双方

10、双方愿意愿意注册注册合资公司合资公司生产，安装生产，安装并销售并销售本产品本产品。12nNOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and mutual covenants herein contained, the parties hereto agree as follows： n为了为了实现实现双方共同利益双方共同利益，达成如下协议，达成如下协议13nNOW THEREFORE, for valuable consideration, the receipt and adequacy of which are hereby ackno

11、wledged, the Parties hereby agree as follows: n双方经过（双方经过（真实充分真实充分）认真细致地考虑认真细致地考虑，达成以下协议达成以下协议（合同）条款。（合同）条款。14n二、正文部分主要包含以下条款二、正文部分主要包含以下条款n1、定义、定义 (Definition) 条款条款 n该条款是对合同中的某些词语的进行定义该条款是对合同中的某些词语的进行定义,确保各词语在合同中的含义统一，以免发确保各词语在合同中的含义统一，以免发生歧义。生歧义。n这些词语可分成两大类：这些词语可分成两大类：n第一类第一类是英文合同中的常用词语，如附属是英文合同中的常

12、用词语，如附属机构机构 (Affiliate)、财务报表财务报表 (Financial Statements)等；等；15n第二类第二类是本合同中使用的具有特定含义的是本合同中使用的具有特定含义的词语。词语。 n1.1.1.1 “Contract” means the Contract Agreement, these Conditions, the Employers Requirements, the Tender, and the further documents (if any) which are listed in the Contract Agreement.n1.1.1.1

13、“合同合同”系指合同协议书、本条件、系指合同协议书、本条件、雇主要求、投标书和合同协议书列出的其雇主要求、投标书和合同协议书列出的其他文件（如果有）。他文件（如果有）。16n1.1.1.5 “Performance Guarantees” and “Schedule of Payments” mean the documents so named (if any), as included in the Contract.n1.1.1.5 “ “履约保函履约保函”和和“付款计划表付款计划表”系指合同中包括的具有上述各称的文件系指合同中包括的具有上述各称的文件（如果有）。（如果有）。17三、要约

14、部分n1. Name, Specifications and Quality of Commodityn货物名称、规格和质量货物名称、规格和质量n2. Quantity：数量：数量 n5% more or less allowed n允许百分之五的溢短装允许百分之五的溢短装 n3. Unit Price ：单价：单价18n4. Total Amount 总值总值n5. (Terms of Delivery) FOB/CFR/CIFn交货条件：交货条件：FOB/CFR/CIF（三选一）（三选一）n6. Country of Origin and Manufacturers 原产地国与制造商原产地

15、国与制造商n7. Packing： 包装及标准包装及标准：nThe packing of the goods shall be preventive from dampness, rust, moisture, erosion and shock, and shall be suitable for ocean transportation. The Seller shall be liable for any damage and loss of the goods attributable to the inadequate or improper packing. The measure

16、ment, gross weight, net weight and the cautions such as “Do not stack up side down”, “Keep away from moisture”, “Handle with care” shall be stenciled on the surface of each package with fadeless pigment. 20n货物应具有货物应具有防防潮、潮、防防锈蚀、锈蚀、防防震并适合于震并适合于远洋运输的包装，远洋运输的包装，由于由于货物包装货物包装不良不良而造而造成的货物残损、成的货物残损、灭失灭失应由卖

17、方应由卖方负责负责。卖方。卖方应在每个包装箱上用不褪色的颜色应在每个包装箱上用不褪色的颜色标明标明尺尺码、包装箱号码、码、包装箱号码、毛重毛重、净重净重及及“此端向此端向上上”、“防潮防潮”、“小心轻放小心轻放”等等标记标记。 21n8. Shipping Marks：唛头：唛头：n9. Time of Shipment：装运期限：装运期限n10. Port of Loading：装运口岸：装运口岸n11. Port of Destination：目的口岸：目的口岸22四. 责任与义务n本部分是相对固定的本部分是相对固定的，其内容基本符合同，其内容基本符合同类型合同。如：类型合同。如：n责任与

18、义务部分责任与义务部分 违约、解除合同、索赔、违约、解除合同、索赔、仲裁、起诉等仲裁、起诉等n(1) “责任限制（责任限制（Limited Liability or Limitation of Liability）”条款条款 n该条款是合同双（各）方对其在本合同项该条款是合同双（各）方对其在本合同项下的责任上限进行的约定。下的责任上限进行的约定。23n(2) “保密（保密（Non-disclosure or No Publicity）”条款条款 n根据该条款，合同双根据该条款，合同双(各各)方对本合同内容以方对本合同内容以及在本合同协商、签订、履行过程中所得及在本合同协商、签订、履行过程中所得

19、知的其他各方的信息要承担保密义务。知的其他各方的信息要承担保密义务。n(3) “合同终止（合同终止（Termination）”条款条款 n该条款是合同双（各）方对本合同在何种该条款是合同双（各）方对本合同在何种情况下可以提前终止进行约定。情况下可以提前终止进行约定。 24n(4) “权利放弃（权利放弃（Waiver）”条款条款 n在该条款中，合同双（各）方声明任何一在该条款中，合同双（各）方声明任何一方如果没有行使其权利，并不意味着其放方如果没有行使其权利，并不意味着其放弃该权利。弃该权利。 n(5)“合同变更（合同变更（Amendment or Modification）”条款条款 n在该条

20、款中，合同双（各）方可以约定合在该条款中，合同双（各）方可以约定合同不得修改或者合同修改的方式。同不得修改或者合同修改的方式。 25n(6) 转让转让 (Assignment or Successors and Assignment）条款条款 n在该条款中，合同双（各）方可约定合在该条款中，合同双（各）方可约定合同不可转让或者合同转让的程序，同时，同不可转让或者合同转让的程序，同时，还可以约定，如果合同转让，则合同对还可以约定，如果合同转让，则合同对受让方有完全约束力。受让方有完全约束力。 26n(7) (7) 通知（通知（Notice）条款）条款 n该条款是对合同双该条款是对合同双( (各各

21、) )方在履行合同过方在履行合同过程中相互送达信息的方式以及视为送达程中相互送达信息的方式以及视为送达的条件进行约定。一般来讲，要写明合的条件进行约定。一般来讲，要写明合同双同双( (双双) )方的通信地址方的通信地址、传真号传真号、联系电联系电话、联络人以及送达成功的具体条件。话、联络人以及送达成功的具体条件。27n(8) “适用法律（适用法律（Governing Law or Applicable Law）”条款条款Submission to Jurisdiction n该条款是有关合同解释、争议解决所适用该条款是有关合同解释、争议解决所适用法律的约定。法律的约定。 n(9) “争议解决争

22、议解决(Dispute Resolution)”条款条款 n该条款是有关合同相关或与合同有关的争该条款是有关合同相关或与合同有关的争议解决方式的约定，可以选择诉讼，也可议解决方式的约定，可以选择诉讼，也可以选择仲裁。以选择仲裁。 28n(10) “条款效力独立（条款效力独立（Severability or Survival of terms）”条款条款 n根据该条款的约定，合同的任一条款如果无效，根据该条款的约定，合同的任一条款如果无效，也不影响其他任何条款的效力。也不影响其他任何条款的效力。 n(11) “没有其他业务关系没有其他业务关系”条款条款 n在该条款中，合同双（各）方声明彼此之间除

23、在该条款中，合同双（各）方声明彼此之间除了合同关系之外没有其他任何法律关系。了合同关系之外没有其他任何法律关系。 n(12) “不可抗力（不可抗力（Force Majeure）”条款条款 n该条款是有关不可抗力构成要件及其具体情形该条款是有关不可抗力构成要件及其具体情形, ,以及在发生不可抗力事件的情况下如果处理的以及在发生不可抗力事件的情况下如果处理的约定。约定。 29n12. Insurance：保险保险nInsurance shall be covered by the Party A for 110% of the invoice value against All Risks and

24、 With Particular Average（W.P.A.）Additional Risks. n由由甲方甲方按按发票金额发票金额110%110%投保投保一切险一切险和和水水渍险附加险渍险附加险。 30n13. Terms of Payment：付款条款n(1) Letter of Credit: The Buyer shall, 30 days prior to the time of shipment/after this Contract comes into effect, open an irrevocable Letter of Credit in favor of the S

25、eller. The Letter of Credit shall expire 60 days after the completion of loading of the shipment as stipulated. n信用证方式信用证方式：买方买方应在装运期前应在装运期前/ /合同合同生效生效后后3030日，开出日，开出以以卖方卖方为受益人为受益人的不可撤销的信的不可撤销的信用证用证, , 信用证在装船完毕后信用证在装船完毕后6060日内日内到期到期。31n(2) Documents Against Payment: (兑现兑现; ;提取提取) nAfter shipment, the

26、 Seller shall draw a sight bill of exchange on the Buyer and deliver the documents through Sellers bank and Bank of China to the Buyer against payment, i.e D/P. The Buyer shall effect the payment immediately upon the first presentation of the bill (s) of exchange. n付款交单付款交单：货物发运后货物发运后，卖方卖方出具出具以以买方为付

27、买方为付款人款人的的付款跟单汇票付款跟单汇票，按按即期付款即期付款交单交单(D/P)(D/P)方式方式，通过卖方银行及中国银行向买方转交单通过卖方银行及中国银行向买方转交单证证, ,换取货物换取货物，以，以换取货款换取货款。 32n(3)Documents against AcceptancenAfter shipment, the Seller shall draw a bill of exchange, payable 30 days after the Buyers delivers the document through Sellers bank and Bank of China

28、to the Buyer against acceptance (D/A 7 days). The Buyer shall make the payment on date of the bill of exchange. n承兑承兑交单交单：货物发运后，卖方：货物发运后，卖方出具以买方为付款人出具以买方为付款人的付款跟单汇票的付款跟单汇票，付款期限为提示的话、提示单证付款期限为提示的话、提示单证文件后文件后3030日日，按，按即期承兑交单即期承兑交单(D/A 7(D/A 7日日) )方式，通过方式，通过卖方银行及中国银行，经买方承兑后，向买方转交卖方银行及中国银行，经买方承兑后，向买方转交单

29、证，买方单证，买方在汇票期限到期时支付货款在汇票期限到期时支付货款。 33n(4) Cash on delivery (COD): The Buyer shall pay to the Seller total amount within 7 days after the receipt of the goods (This clause is not applied to the Terms of FOB, CFR, CIF). n货到付款货到付款：买方在收到货物后：买方在收到货物后7天内将全部天内将全部货款支付卖方（本条款不适用于货款支付卖方（本条款不适用于 FOB、CRF、CIF支付方式

30、支付方式）。）。 34n14. Documents Required：(所需所需)单据单据 The Seller shall present the following documents required to the bank for negotiation/ collection: n卖方应将下列单据卖方应将下列单据提交提交银行议付银行议付/ /托收：托收：35n(1) Full set of clean on board Ocean/Combined Transportation/Land Bills of Lading and blank endorsed marked freigh

31、t prepaid/ to collect; n标明通知收货人标明通知收货人/ /受货代理人的受货代理人的全套全套清洁清洁的、已装船的的、已装船的、空白背书空白背书并注明并注明运费付讫运费付讫/ /到付到付的的海运海运/ /联运联运/ /陆运提单陆运提单。36n(2) Signed commercial invoice in three copies indicating Contract No. L/C No. (Terms of L/C) and shipping marks; n标有合同编号标有合同编号、信用证号信用证号( (信用证支付条件信用证支付条件) )及及装运唛头装运唛头的的商业

32、发票商业发票正本正本一式三份一式三份; ;37n(3) Packing list/weight memo in three copies issued by Party A；n由甲方出具的装箱单或重量单一式三份；由甲方出具的装箱单或重量单一式三份； n(4) Certificate of Quality in three copies issued by Party A； n由甲方出具的质量证明书一式三份；由甲方出具的质量证明书一式三份； n(5) Certificate of Quantity in three copies issued by Party A； n由甲方出具的数量证明书一式

33、三份；由甲方出具的数量证明书一式三份； 38n(6) Insurance policy in one copy (Terms of CIF)；n保险单保险单正本一式一份正本一式一份 (CIF 交货条件交货条件)； n(7) Certificate of Origin in three copies issued by Party A； n甲方签发的甲方签发的原产地证原产地证一式三份；一式三份； 39n(8) Shipping Advice:nThe Seller shall, within 48 hours after shipment effected, send by courier ea

34、ch copy of the above-mentioned documents No. 1 to 7. n装运通知装运通知：卖方应在：卖方应在交运交运后后4848小时内以小时内以特快专递方式特快专递方式邮寄给买方上述第邮寄给买方上述第1-71-7项单项单据副本一式一套。据副本一式一套。 4015. Terms of Shipment 装运条款装运条款n(1) FOB交货方式交货方式 nThe Seller shall, 30 days before the shipment date specified in the Contract, advise the Buyer by courier

35、 of the Contract No., commodity, quantity, amount, packages, gross weight, measurement, and the date of shipment in order that the Buyer can charter a vessel/book shipping space. In the event of the Sellers failure to effect loading when the vessel arrives duly at the loading port, all expenses incl

36、uding dead freight and/or demurrage charges thus incurred shall be for the Sellers account. nThe Seller shall, 30 days before the shipment date specified in the Contract, advise the Buyer by courier of the Contract No., commodity, quantity, amount, packages, gross weight, measurement, and the date o

37、f shipment in order that the Buyer can charter a vessel/book shipping space. In the event of the Sellers failure to effect loading when the vessel arrives duly at the loading port, all expenses including dead freight and/or demurrage charges thus incurred shall be for the Sellers account.42n卖方应在合同规定

38、的装运日期前卖方应在合同规定的装运日期前3030天天，以以特快专递方式特快专递方式通知通知买方合同号买方合同号、品名品名、数数量量、金额金额、包装件包装件、毛重毛重、尺码及装运港可尺码及装运港可装日期装日期，以便买方安排以便买方安排租船租船/ /订舱订舱。装运船装运船只只按期按期到达装运港后到达装运港后，如如卖方卖方不能按时不能按时装装船船，发生的空船费或滞期费发生的空船费或滞期费由卖方负担由卖方负担。43n卖方应在合同规卖方应在合同规定的装运日期前定的装运日期前3030天，天，以以特快专特快专递方式递方式通知通知买方买方合同号、品名、合同号、品名、数量、金额、包数量、金额、包装件、毛重、尺装

39、件、毛重、尺码及装运港可装码及装运港可装日期，以便买方日期，以便买方安排安排租船租船/ /订舱。订舱。The Seller shall, 30 days before the shipment date specified in the Contract, advise the Buyer by courier of the Contract No., commodity, quantity, amount, packages, gross weight, measurement, and the date of shipment in order that the Buyer can cha

40、rter a vessel/book shipping space.44n装运船只装运船只按期按期到到达装运港后，达装运港后，如如卖方卖方不能按时不能按时装装船船，发生的空船发生的空船费或滞期费费或滞期费由卖由卖方负担方负担。In the event of the Sellers failure to effect loading when the vessel arrives duly at the loading port, all expenses including dead freight and/or demurrage charges thus incurred shall be

41、 for the Sellers account.45n(2) CFR： CFR交货方式交货方式 nThe Seller shall ship the goods duly within the shipping duration from the port of loading to the port of destination. Under CFR terms, the Seller shall advise the Buyer by fax of the Contract No., commodity, invoice value and the date of dispatch tw

42、o days before the shipment for the Buyer to arrange insurance in time. n卖方须卖方须按时按时在装运在装运期限内期限内将货物由装运港装船至目将货物由装运港装船至目的港。以的港。以CFRCFR交货方式时，卖方应在装船前交货方式时，卖方应在装船前2 2天以传天以传真方式通知买方合同号、品名、发票价值及真方式通知买方合同号、品名、发票价值及开船日开船日期期，以便买方安排保险。，以便买方安排保险。 46n16. Shipping Advice：装运通知装运通知nThe Seller shall, immediately upon t

43、he completion of the loading of the goods, advise the Buyer of the Contract No., names of commodity, loading quantity, invoice values, gross weight, name of vessel and shipment date by fax within 48 hours. n卖方应在卖方应在装载完毕装载完毕4848小时内以传着方式通知买方小时内以传着方式通知买方合同编号、品名、已发运数量、发票总金额、毛合同编号、品名、已发运数量、发票总金额、毛重、船名及启程

44、日期等。重、船名及启程日期等。47n17.Quality Guarantee：质量保证质量保证nThe Seller shall guarantee that the commodity must be in conformity with the quality, specifications and quantity specified in this Contract and Letter of Quality Guarantee. The guarantee period shall be three months after the arrival of the goods at t

45、he port of destination, and during the period the Seller shall be responsible for the damage due to the defects in designing and manufacturing of the manufacturer. 48n货物品质规格必须货物品质规格必须符合符合本合同及质量保证本合同及质量保证书之规定，书之规定，品质保证期品质保证期为货到目的港三个为货到目的港三个月内。在保证期限内，月内。在保证期限内，因因制造厂商在设计制造厂商在设计制造过程中的缺陷造成的货物损害应由卖制造过程中的缺

46、陷造成的货物损害应由卖方负责赔偿。方负责赔偿。 49n18. Inspection：检验：检验： n（1）The Seller shall have the goods inspected by 7 days before the shipment and have the Inspection Certificate issued by American Inspection Bureau. The Buyer may have the goods reinspected by China Inspection Bureau after the goods, arrival at the d

47、estination. n卖方须在装运前七日委托卖方须在装运前七日委托美国检验检疫局美国检验检疫局对本合对本合同之货物进行检验并出具同之货物进行检验并出具检验证书检验证书，货到目的港，货到目的港后，由买方委托中国检验检疫局后，由买方委托中国检验检疫局进行检验进行检验。 50n(2) The manufacturers shall, before delivery, make a precise and comprehensive inspection of the goods with regard to its quality, specifications, performance and

48、 quantity/weight, and issue inspection certificates certifying the technical data and conclusion of the inspection. After arrival of the goods at the port of destination, the Buyer shall apply to China Commodity Inspection Bureau (hereinafter referred to as CCIB) for a further inspection as to the s

49、pecifications and quantity/weight of the goods. If damages of the goods are found, or the specifications and/or quantity are not in conformity with the stipulations in this Contract, except when the responsibilities lies with Insurance Company or Shipping Company, the Buyer shall, within 30 days aft

50、er arrival of the goods at the port of destination, claim against the Seller, or reject the goods according to the inspection certificate issued by CCIB. In case of damage of the goods incurred due to the design or manufacture defects and/or in case the quality and performance are not in conformity

51、with the Contract, the Buyer shall, during the guarantee period, request CCIB to make a survey. n(2) The manufacturers shall, before delivery, make a precise and comprehensive inspection of the goods with regard to its quality, specifications, performance and quantity/ weight, and issue inspection c

52、ertificates certifying the technical data and conclusion of the inspection. After arrival of the goods at the port of destination, the Buyer shall apply to China Commodity Inspection Bureau (hereinafter referred to as CCIB) for a further inspection as to the specifications and quantity/weight of the

53、 goods. 52n发货前，制造厂应对货物发货前，制造厂应对货物的的质量、规格、质量、规格、性能和数量性能和数量/ /重量作精密全面的检验，重量作精密全面的检验，出出具具检验证明书检验证明书, ,并说明检验的技术数据和并说明检验的技术数据和结论。货到目的港后，买方将申请中国商结论。货到目的港后，买方将申请中国商品检验局品检验局( (以下简称商检局以下简称商检局) )对货物的规格对货物的规格和数量和数量/ /重量进行检验，重量进行检验，53nIf damages of the goods are found, or the specifications and/or quantity are

54、not in conformity with the stipulations in this Contract, except when the responsibilities lies with Insurance Company or Shipping Company, the Buyer shall, within 30 days after arrival of the goods at the port of destination, claim against the Seller, or reject the goods according to the inspection

55、 certificate issued by CCIB. 54n如发现货物残损或规格、数量如发现货物残损或规格、数量与与合同规定合同规定不符不符，除保险公司或轮船公司的责任外，除保险公司或轮船公司的责任外，买方得在货物到达目的港后买方得在货物到达目的港后3030日内凭商检日内凭商检局出具的检验证书向卖方索赔或拒收该货。局出具的检验证书向卖方索赔或拒收该货。55nIn case of damage of the goods incurred due to the design or manufacture defects and/or in case the quality and perfor

56、mance are not in conformity with the Contract, the Buyer shall, during the guarantee period, request CCIB to make a survey.56n在保证期内，如货物由于设计或制造上的在保证期内，如货物由于设计或制造上的缺陷而发生损坏或品质和性能与合同规定缺陷而发生损坏或品质和性能与合同规定不符时，买方将委托中国商检局进行检验。不符时，买方将委托中国商检局进行检验。57n发货前，制造厂应对货物发货前，制造厂应对货物的的质量、规格、性能和质量、规格、性能和数量数量/ /重量作精密全面的检验重量

57、作精密全面的检验，出具出具检验证明书检验证明书, ,并说明检验的技术数据和结论。货到目的港后，并说明检验的技术数据和结论。货到目的港后，买方将申请中国商品检验局买方将申请中国商品检验局( (以下简称商检局以下简称商检局) )对对货物的规格和数量货物的规格和数量/ /重量进行检验，如发现货物重量进行检验，如发现货物残损或规格、数量残损或规格、数量与与合同规定合同规定不符不符，除保险公司，除保险公司或轮船公司的责任外，买方得在货物到达目的港或轮船公司的责任外，买方得在货物到达目的港后后3030日内凭商检局出具的检验证书向卖方索赔或日内凭商检局出具的检验证书向卖方索赔或拒收该货。在保证期内，如货物由

58、于设计或制造拒收该货。在保证期内，如货物由于设计或制造上的缺陷而发生损坏或品质和性能与合同规定不上的缺陷而发生损坏或品质和性能与合同规定不符时，买方将委托中国商检局进行检验。符时，买方将委托中国商检局进行检验。 n19. Claim：索赔：索赔nThe Buyer shall make a claim against the Seller (including replacement of the goods) by the Further Inspection Certificate and all the expenses incurred therefrom shall be borne

59、 by the Seller. The claims mentioned above shall be regarded as being accepted if the Seller fail to reply within 7 days after the Seller received the Buyers claim. n买方凭其买方凭其委托的检验机构出具的复检证明书委托的检验机构出具的复检证明书向卖向卖方方提出索赔提出索赔( (包括换货包括换货) )，由此引起的全部费用应，由此引起的全部费用应由卖方负担由卖方负担。若卖方收到上述索赔后七天未予答。若卖方收到上述索赔后七天未予答复，则复

60、，则认为认为卖方已接受买方索赔卖方已接受买方索赔。 59n20. Late delivery and Penalty 迟交货与罚款迟交货与罚款nShould the Seller fail to make delivery on time as stipulated in the Contract, with the exception of Force Majeure causes specified in Clause 21 of this Contract, the Buyer shall agree to postpone the delivery on the condition t