超分子光化学分子器件PPT学习教案

1、会计学1超分子光化学分子器件超分子光化学分子器件第1页/共26页v引 言 第2页/共26页u “器件”是指各种具有不同功能的元件经组装后用来完成特定复杂功能的组合件，概念延伸到分子水平，就形成了分子器件u分子器件的研究最近十几年才得到迅速的发展，主要得益于以下各科学领域的研究突破： n 分子器件v分子器件与超分子光化学第3页/共26页第4页/共26页n 超分子光化学p超分子与大分子的区别p超分子体系的种类p超分子光化学与分子器件的关系第5页/共26页Fig.1 Schematic representation addressing the difference between supermol

2、ecules and large molecules according to the photochemical approachp 超分子与大分子的区别第6页/共26页LLLLM笼状化合物(cage type system)HHG主客体系(host-guest system)旋转体(rotaxanes system)联锁体(catenanes system)ABCD共价键联结的四元体系(covalently-linked molecular components)p 超分子体系的种类第7页/共26页受体底物络合或分子间键超分子识别催化传递分子器件多分子有序集合体化学调控光化学调控电化学调控

3、超分子光化学分子器件Fig.3. Schematic representation of relationship between supramolecule and molecular devicesp 超分子光化学与分子器件的关系第8页/共26页v超分子光化学分子器件n光能转换分子器件n荧光分子传感器n分子开关n分子机器第9页/共26页u超分子光化学分子天线或导线：具有光电转换或光致电子转移功能的分子器件u其主要是通过电子给体光敏剂电子受体三元或多元体系超分子在光的作用下发生电荷分离来实现u这也是光合作用机理中最基本的过程n 光能转换分子器件第10页/共26页hQPCe-e-Q.-PC.+

4、Fig.4. Q-P-C triad supramolecular system and schematic diagram of trimer charge separation第11页/共26页Fig. 5. Schematic representation of an artificial photosynthetic membrane. The lipid bilayer of a liposome vesicle contains thecomponents of a light-driven proton pump: a vectorially insertedtriad lead

5、s to transport of hydrogen ions into the liposome interior,establishing a proton motive force. The membrane also contains avectorially inserted ATP synthase enzyme. The flow of protons out of the liposome through this enzyme drives the production of ATP.第12页/共26页超分子光化学荧光分子传感器在各种离子检测技术中具有突出的优点：n 荧光分子

6、传感器第13页/共26页Fig. 6. Main aspects of fluorescent molecular sensors for cation recognition.Fig. 7. Schematic illustration of various structures of fluoroionophores.第14页/共26页Fig. 8. Principle of cation recognition by fluorescent PET sensors.Fig. 9. various structures of fluoroionophores.第15页/共26页u光控磁开关

7、u基于电子转移的光控开关u基于光诱导分子构型变化的开关n 分子开关第16页/共26页u光控磁开关Fig. 10. Photoswitch of magnetic interaction.（diarylethene)第17页/共26页Fig. 11. Light-driven dethreading of pseudorotaxanes by excitation of a photosensitizer P as (a) an external reactant (MeCN or H2O, roomtemperature), (b) a stopper in the wire-type com

8、ponent (EtOH, room temperature), and (c) a component of the macrocyclic ring (H2O, roomtemperature).第18页/共26页Fig.12. The photoinduced inclusion of 4,4-bipyridine(45) inside the cavity of the azobenzene-capped cyclodextrin derivative 44(H2O, pH 7.2, 298K).The 4,4-dicarbonylazobenzene unit is attached

9、 to two of the primary oxygen atoms of the cyclodextrin derivative 第19页/共26页n 分子机器第20页/共26页Fig. 13. The light-fueled rotary motor 19 undergoesunidirectional rotation in n-hexane at 333K upon irradiation at appropriate wavelengths. 第21页/共26页Fig. 14. Rotaxane 76+ and schematic representation of the intramolecular mechanism for the photoinduced abacus-like movement ofmacrocycle R between the two stations A1 and A2.第22页/共26页Fig. 15. The shuttling of the macrocyclic com