初中定语从句讲解ppt课件

1、 The Attributive Clause定语从句定语从句 定语可以由描画词、代词、数词、名词、分词、定语可以由描画词、代词、数词、名词、分词、不定式、介词短语等来担任，修饰名词。不定式、介词短语等来担任，修饰名词。(以介词短语、以介词短语、分词为例分词为例 例：例： The girl behind the tree is Kate. The man driving too fast was drunk喝醉的喝醉的. 定语从句定语从句在英语中，修饰名词或代词的句子叫定语从句。在英语中，修饰名词或代词的句子叫定语从句。 例：例：The girl who is behind the tree

2、is Kate. The man who was driving too fast was drunk.关系代词如何引导定语从句关系代词如何引导定语从句普通代词与关系代词的区别普通代词与关系代词的区别I have a sister.She works in Shanghai. 替代替代 sister普通代词：只起替代的作用如上普通代词：只起替代的作用如上例例she)I have a sister who/that works in Shanghai.关系代词：关系代词： 如上例如上例who/that 1.替代先行词替代先行词; 2.它还在定语从句中担任一定的成分它还在定语从句中担任一定的成分;

3、 3. 同时衔接先行词与它引导的定语从句。同时衔接先行词与它引导的定语从句。 把主句和从句连起来把主句和从句连起来 The building is our school. The building stands by the river.v 关系代词的运用取决于先行词，它们的关系非常亲密，由关系代词的运用取决于先行词，它们的关系非常亲密，由于关系代词在定语从句中替代主句中的先行词，所以它在普通于关系代词在定语从句中替代主句中的先行词，所以它在普通情况下都跟在先行词之后，而且它的情况下都跟在先行词之后，而且它的 人称、数必需和先行词人称、数必需和先行词一致。一致。The building whi

4、ch/that stands by the river is our school. 先行词先行词 关系词关系词 定语从句定语从句vwhich/that which/that 是关系代词，它在从句中替代先是关系代词，它在从句中替代先行词行词the building, the building, 同时担任从句中的主语，同时担任从句中的主语，也起连词的作用，把两个简单句衔接也起连词的作用，把两个简单句衔接 起来。起来。 关系词判关系词判 断断 步步 骤骤 : 首先，要看先行词。首先，要看先行词。 假设先行词是指人假设先行词是指人,关系代词关系代词 可用可用 who,that,whom,whose。

5、假设先行词指物。假设先行词指物,关系关系 代词可用代词可用which或或that;v 然后，要确定关系词在从句中的成分。请看下表然后，要确定关系词在从句中的成分。请看下表先行词先行词 主格主格 宾格宾格 一切格一切格 人人who,thatwho(m),that whose 物物which,thatwhich,thatwhose,of which关系词关系词先行词所指先行词所指关系词在句中作用关系词在句中作用关系关系代词代词that人人/物物主、宾、表主、宾、表which物物主、宾、表、定偶主、宾、表、定偶who人人主、宾主、宾whom人人宾宾whose人人/物物定定关系关系副词副词when时间

6、时间时间状语时间状语where地点地点地点状语地点状语why缘由缘由缘由状语缘由状语 最后，定语从句谓语动词和先行词一致最后，定语从句谓语动词和先行词一致. 注注:定语从句的时态不受主句的限制。定语从句的时态不受主句的限制。 The woman who/that spoke at the meeting yesterday is my mother. (主句主句)The woman is my mother.(表达客观现实表达客观现实 用普通如今时用普通如今时) (从句从句)The woman (who/that) spoke at the meeting yesterday. (句中句中ye

7、sterday表示过去时间表示过去时间)the tallthe strong the cleverboyThe boy is Tom.The boy who is tall is Tom.The boy who is strong is TomThe boy who is clever is Tom The boy is Tom. The boy is smiling. The boy is Tom. The boy has a round face. The boy who is smiling is Tom. (主语主语)The boy who has a round face is To

8、m. The boy is Tom. He sits in front of me.The boy who sits in front of me is Tom. The man is kind. Everyone likes him. The man (whom) everyone likes is kind. (宾语宾语) The woman got the job. We saw her on the street.The woman (whom) we saw on the street got the job. The teacher will give us a talk. We

9、met the teacher yesterday. The teacher (whom) we met yesterday will give us a talk.关系代词关系代词 1.who1.who指人指人, ,作主语或宾语作主语或宾语( (作宾语可省略作宾语可省略The man( who) I talked with is our teacher.A person who steals things is called a thief.2.whom2.whom指人指人, ,作宾语作宾语 ( (作宾语可省略作宾语可省略, ,如如 介词提早那么不能省介词提早那么不能省) ) The man

10、 (whom/who) I talked to is Mr. Li.The man to whom I talked is Mr. Li.关系代词关系代词 3.whose 3.whose 是代词的一切格方式是代词的一切格方式, , 它既可以它既可以代人也可以代物。代人也可以代物。 Please show me the book . Its cover is red. Please show me the book whose cover is red.I saw a woman . Her bag was stolen .I saw a woman whose bag was stolen.a

11、pplethe redthe greenthe smallthe bigThe apple which is red is mine.The apple which is green is yours.The apple which is red is smallThe apple which is green is big.Can you find the pen? I wrote with it just now.Can you find the pen with which I wrote just now?Can you find the pen (which) I wrote wit

12、h just now? 4.which 4.which 指物，作主语或宾语指物，作主语或宾语 ( (作宾作宾 语可省略语可省略, ,如介词提早那么不能省如介词提早那么不能省) ) These are the trees which were planted last year.The TV set (which) he bought yesterday is made in Japan. Is this the library (which) you borrow books from?Is this the library from which you borrow books?1)This

13、 is the hero( whom) we are proud of. This is the hero of whom we are proud . This is the hero(that) we are proud of .2)The room (that) I live in is very big. The room (which) I live in is very big. The room in which I live is very big.留意: 固定动介词组不可分割,介词不能提早.例如:look after,look at 关系代词与介词关系代词与介词: 介词放在关

14、系代词的前介词放在关系代词的前面时面时,介词宾语只能用介词宾语只能用which代物代物, 用用whom代人。代人。(介词在末尾时介词在末尾时,关系词可以省略关系词可以省略)The room where I live is very big. 定语从句中需本卷须知定语从句中需本卷须知 有些情况下只用关系词有些情况下只用关系词that,而不宜用而不宜用which1.从句所修饰的词又被描画词最高级或从句所修饰的词又被描画词最高级或序数词修饰时序数词修饰时 This is the most interesting story( that )I have ever heard. The first me

15、eting( that) we will take part in will be held in the afternoon. 2.先行词是先行词是 something, nothing, anything等不定代词时等不定代词时 Here is something( that) I will tell you.3.先行词既有人也有物时先行词既有人也有物时,只能用只能用that I can remember well the persons and some pictures (that) I see. 4.先行词是先行词是one of,the one, 或用或用 little, much,

16、 few, no, all, some, any, the only, the very, the same, the last 作修饰时作修饰时 Is it the one that you want ? I havent got much that I can offer you. 5.当主句已有疑问词当主句已有疑问词 who或或which时，用时，用that Who is the woman that was praised at the meeting? 注注: who、that在指人可以通用，但以下宜用在指人可以通用，但以下宜用 who,不用不用that 1).先行词是先行词是any

17、one, someone, those时，时，关系词运用关系词运用who Those who want to go to the Great Wall sign up here. Is there anyone who wants to go there? 2).在在there be 句型中，先行词指人句型中，先行词指人,关系词关系词用用who There is an old man who wants to see you. There are many young men who are against him. 关系副词关系副词 关系副词是用来引导定语从句的，它和关系关系副词是用来引导定

18、语从句的，它和关系代词一样代词一样,在从句中替代先行词在从句中替代先行词,在句中作状语。在句中作状语。 where:在从句中作地点状语在从句中作地点状语,指代地点指代地点. when: 在从句中作时间状语在从句中作时间状语,指代时间。指代时间。1.The hotel wasnt clean. + We stayed at the hotel.The hotel where we stayed wasnt clean.The hotel at which we stayed wasnt clean.The hotel (which) we stayed at wasnt clean.2.Ill

19、never forget the day. I joined the Party on that day. Ill never forget the day when I joined the Party. Ill never forget the day on which I joined the Party . 单项选择。 1. This is the job _they laughed at. A.which B.as C.it D.who 2. Beihai Park is a beautiful park_built about 300 years ago. A.where was

20、B.that were C.which was D.where3. Who was the grey-haired man _at yesterdays meeting?A.we saw him B.we saw C.we saw who D.she was seen4. The man _is painting the house is my uncle. A.he B.whom C.whose D.who5. What is the animal _baby is sleeping in its pocket? A.who B.whose C.its D.whichACBDB6. This

21、 book is for the students _mother language isnt English. A.that B.of whom C.whose D.whos7. The robbers shouted, “Hands up!Ill shoot anyone _moves! A.whom B.that C.who D.whose8.The dictionary_he paid 50 yuan for is very useful. A.which B.for which C.on which D.about which9The boy_parents died two yea

22、rs ago lives with his grandpa now. A.whose B.who C.his D./10.The man_ is smoking is a bus driver. A. whom B.who C. which D. whatCCAAB1. This is the bag _ my mother bought yesterday. A. thatB. who C. whom D. this2. The man _ lives next to us is my English teacher. A. whom B. which C. whoD. /3. The gi

23、rl _ you saw in the street is Mary. A. thatB. whose C. whichD. as定语从句练习定语从句练习4. Is this the factory _ a lot of students visited yesterday? A. the oneB. which C. who D. whom5. Is this factory _ a lot of students visited yesterday? A. the one B. that C. which D. /6. The only language _ is easy to lear

24、n is the mother tongue. A. whichB. that C. /D. it定语从句练习定语从句练习7. The girl handed everything _ she had picked up in the street to the police. A. whichB. in which C. thatD. all8. _ cleans the blackboard should be praised. A. That B. Who C. The one who D. The students who9. Please show me the book _ you

25、 bought yesterday. A. whichB. whom C. whose D. this定语从句练习定语从句练习10. This is the best book _ I have been looking for all this year. A. whoB. whom C. which D. /11. This is the only article of these that _ written by him. A. wasB. were C. isD. are12. The man _ was here just now is a doctor. A. whomB. wh

26、o C. /D. he定语从句练习定语从句练习13. The boy _ has two lovely dogs. A. who live next door B. which lives next door C. whom lives next door D. that lives next door14. Those _ made no mistakes in todays exercises please raise your hands. A. whichB. whom C. thatD. who15. The farm _ we stayed last week is a lovel

27、y place for a holiday. A. when B. where C. that D. at that定语从句练习定语从句练习16. He is the most careful boy _ I know. A. whatB. which C. as D. ./ 17. This is the school _ Mr. Smith once taught. A. in thatB. when C. whereD. there18. Have you visited the house _ the famous scientist was born? A. whereB. in t

28、hat C. that D. which定语从句练习定语从句练习19. The factory _ Mr. Li used to work was closed last week. A. whenB. where C. thatD. which20. Do you still remember the day _ we first met? A. thatB. when C. what D. on that定语从句练习定语从句练习21. October 1,1949 is the day _ well never forget. A. when B. that C. whereD. in which22. October 1,1949 was the day _ the Peoples Republic of China was founded. A. whichB. when C. whereD. in which23. Is this the shop _ sells childrens clothing? A. whichB. where