初中英语现在完成时PPT学习教案

1、会计学1初中英语现在完成时初中英语现在完成时主菜单上一页下一页现在完成时的构成现在完成时的构成现在完成时的主要用法现在完成时的主要用法现在完成时的时间状语现在完成时的时间状语短暂性动词与时间段的关系短暂性动词与时间段的关系have been 与与have gone 比较比较与一般过去时的用法比较与一般过去时的用法比较第1页/共46页主菜单上一页下一页have (hashave (has）+ + 过去分词过去分词第2页/共46页present(now)futurepast 现在完成时现在完成时( present perfect tense)do my homework 第3页/共46页Mothe

2、r: John, clean your teeth please.John: Mum, I them.第4页/共46页第5页/共46页第6页/共46页上一页下一页- Its so dark.- Its so dark.-Someone has turned off the light.-Someone has turned off the light.(有人刚把灯关了有人刚把灯关了,对现在造成的结果是对现在造成的结果是:现在很黑现在很黑)- Are you free?-I have finished my homework. I am free-I have finished my homew

3、ork. I am free( (我已我已经经完成了家庭作完成了家庭作业业,对现在造成的结果是很有空对现在造成的结果是很有空)主菜单1.1.表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 第7页/共46页1. 1.表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。结果。 2.2.表示表示过去过去已经开始已经开始, , 持续到持续到现在的动作或状态现在的动作或状态, ,第8页/共46页第9页/共46页第10页/共46页2. yet在现在完成时中的用法在现在完成时中的用法 否定句否定句:句末句末 “还还(没没)”疑问

4、句疑问句: 句末句末 “己经己经” Eg. I havent had breakfast yet. Have you had breakfast yet?第11页/共46页第12页/共46页第13页/共46页上一页下一页I have ever been to the Summer Palace?I have ever been to the Summer Palace?(我曾去过颐和园我曾去过颐和园) I have never had a car.I have never had a car. (我从未有过汽车。我从未有过汽车。)主菜单第14页/共46页上一页下一页主菜单第15页/共46页上一

5、页下一页I have learnt English for more than I have learnt English for more than ten years. ten years.我已经学了我已经学了10多年的英语。多年的英语。(从从10年前开始年前开始,持续到现在还在学持续到现在还在学)She has swum since half an hour ago.我已经游泳了半个小时我已经游泳了半个小时(半个小时前已经开始游泳半个小时前已经开始游泳,到现在还在游到现在还在游)主菜单2.2.表示表示过去过去已经开始已经开始, , 持续到持续到现在的动作或状现在的动作或状态态. .常与常

6、与since + since + 过去的时间点，过去的时间点，for + for + 一段时一段时间，间，so far so far 等时间状语连用。等时间状语连用。第16页/共46页1.for +Eg. I have been here for 5 weeks. Hes studied English for 3 years.一段时间一段时间第17页/共46页2. since +从句(一般过去时) 单词 词组 (表示过去某一时间的)时间时间点点Eg. I have been here since 2000. I have been here since 5 years ago. I have

7、 been here since I graduated in 2000.第18页/共46页第19页/共46页 注1): since 也可单独使用, 表示“自那时起”; 另外since前也可加上ever,以加强语气.Eg. I have been here (ever) since. I have been here (ever) since I graduated in 2000.第20页/共46页注2): 对for或since引导的时间状语提问 必须用how long, 决不能用when.Eg. I have lived here for 10 years.How long have yo

8、u lived here?She has stood here since 2 hour ago.How long has she stood here?第21页/共46页短暂性动词与延续动词间的转换第22页/共46页leave-come/go (to) -arrive (at/in)- get (to)-reach-buy-borrow-finish-join-start/begin-die-close-open-return-marry-become- be away (from) be (in/at) be (in/at) be (in/at)be (in/at)havekeepbe o

9、verbe in/be a/anbe onbe deadbe closedbe openbe backbe married be第23页/共46页上一页下一页为了表述这种意思为了表述这种意思, ,我们常用相应的我们常用相应的来代替短暂性动词。来代替短暂性动词。主菜单第24页/共46页下一页上一页主菜单第25页/共46页上一页下一页主菜单第26页/共46页 翻翻 译译 练练 习：习： 1. 1.我买了这块手表五年了。我买了这块手表五年了。 2. 2.这位老人已经死了十年了。这位老人已经死了十年了。 I I have boughthave bought this watch for five ye

10、ars. this watch for five years. I I have hadhave had this watch this watch forfor five five years/years/sincesince 5 years 5 years ago.ago. The old man The old man has diedhas died for ten years. for ten years. The old man The old man has been deadhas been dead for ten for ten years/since 10 years/s

11、ince 10 years ago.years ago.WW下一页上一页主菜单第27页/共46页 3.3.他已经回来三天了。他已经回来三天了。 4. 4.自从六点钟他就来这儿了。自从六点钟他就来这儿了。 5. 5.我离开家乡已十年了。我离开家乡已十年了。 He He has come backhas come back for 3 days. for 3 days. He He has been backhas been back forfor 3 days/ 3 days/sincesince 3 3 days days agoago. . He He has come herehas co

12、me here since 6 oclock. since 6 oclock. He He has been herehas been here since 6 oclock. since 6 oclock. I I have lefthave left hometown for 10 years. hometown for 10 years. I I have been away fromhave been away from hometown for 10 hometown for 10 years. years.WWW下一页上一页主菜单第28页/共46页上一页下一页主菜单第29页/共46

13、页上一页下一页主菜单第30页/共46页上一页下一页主菜单第31页/共46页四四)It is +一段时间一段时间 +since+句子句子(一般过去时一般过去时) =一段时间一段时间+has passed +since + 句子句子(一般过去时一般过去时) Eg. It is five years since I joined the army.=Five years has passed since I joined the army.第32页/共46页上一页下一页第一句用现在完成时时态，想表达意为：第一句用现在完成时时态，想表达意为：“He He bought an English-Chine

14、se dictionary. And bought an English-Chinese dictionary. And he still has ithe still has it” ” “ “过去他买了一本英汉字典，过去他买了一本英汉字典，现在他还有这本字典现在他还有这本字典” 。第二句用过去时只叙述过去他买过一本英汉字第二句用过去时只叙述过去他买过一本英汉字典这一事实，至于现在他是否有这本字典并未强典这一事实，至于现在他是否有这本字典并未强 调说明。调说明。主菜单第33页/共46页上一页下一页eg: I saw the film on television yesterday . 但但s

15、ince(since(自自以来以来)+)+某一过去时间或某一过去时间或叙述过去事情的从句总是与现在完成叙述过去事情的从句总是与现在完成时连用。时连用。eg： They have known each other since 1950 . Since he was a child ,he has lived in England.主菜单第34页/共46页上一页下一页yesterday(yesterday(昨天昨天), the day before yesterday(), the day before yesterday(前天前天), ),just now(just now(刚才刚才) )， 时

16、间时间+ ago, + ago, last +last +时间时间 等等; ; eg: The plane took off ten minutes ago. We finished our task last week .主菜单第35页/共46页上一页主菜单第36页/共46页动动 词词 填填 空：空： 1._ you _(clean) the room?1._ you _(clean) the room? Yes, we _(do) that Yes, we _(do) that alreadyalready. . When _ you _(do) it? When _ you _(do)

17、it? We _(do) it We _(do) it an hour agoan hour ago. .2._ he _(see) this film 2._ he _(see) this film yetyet? Yes.? Yes. When _ he _(see) it? When _ he _(see) it? He _ it He _ it last weeklast week. . 3. How many times _you_(be) there? 3. How many times _you_(be) there? HaveHavecleanecleaned dhave do

18、nehave donediddiddododiddidHasHasseenseendiddidseeseesawsawhavehavebeenbeen下一页上一页主菜单第37页/共46页4. I _ (read) the novel twice. Its interesting.4. I _ (read) the novel twice. Its interesting.5. She _(go) to Pairs, hasnt she? Yes.5. She _(go) to Pairs, hasnt she? Yes. How _ she _(go) there? How _ she _(g

19、o) there? She _(go) there by air. She _(go) there by air.6. So far, many countries _(develop) 6. So far, many countries _(develop) their software programs. their software programs.7.Mr Chen _(give)up smoking 7.Mr Chen _(give)up smoking last yearlast year. .8.Mr Chen _(give) up smoking 8.Mr Chen _(gi

20、ve) up smoking since last yearsince last year. .have readhave readhas has gonegonediddidgogowentwenthave developedhave developedgavegavehas has givengiven下一页上一页主菜单第38页/共46页选用选用 forfor和和 sincesince填空填空: :1.We havent seen each other _ a long time.1.We havent seen each other _ a long time.2.His father

21、has been in the Party _ 10 years 2.His father has been in the Party _ 10 years ago.ago.3.The film has been on _ 20 minutes.3.The film has been on _ 20 minutes.4.Mr Green has worked here _ he came to 4.Mr Green has worked here _ he came to China.China.5.His grandparents have been dead _ several 5.His

22、 grandparents have been dead _ several years.years.6. Its five years _ we met last time.6. Its five years _ we met last time.forforsincesinceforforsincsince eforforsincesince下一页上一页主菜单第39页/共46页have been inhas gone tohave beenHave beenhas been has gonehave been下一页上一页主菜单第40页/共46页studiedkeptbeengonebeen

23、下一页上一页主菜单第41页/共46页1. The house is dirty. We _it for weeks. A didnt clean B hadnt cleaned C dont clean D havent cleaned2. -_the sports meeting might be put off. -Yes, it all depends on the weather. A Ive been told B Ive told C Im told D I told3. - Im sorry to keep you waiting. -Oh, not at all. I _her

24、e only a few minutes. A have been B had been C was D will be 4. You dont need to describe her. I _ her several times. A. had met B have met C met D meet 5. -Will you go to Beijing for vacation ?-I _ to go , but I dont know if I can go . A was planning B have planned C had been planning D have been planning 第42页/共46页6. -When will they leave ?-They _very soon .A do leave B are leaving C have left D leave 7 -Was he studying for an exam ? -Yes , hes _ it last week.A doing B to take C making D to give8.The teacher told the pupils that the earth _ round.A is B would C was D were9. Sh