(完整版)高级英语视听说2参考答案(1)

1、Chapter 1 The PopulationI 2 populous 3 race 4 origin 5 geographical distPrelisteningB 1 census ribution6 made up of 7 comprises 8 relatively progressively9 Metropolitan densely 10 decreased death rateII birth rate increasing 12 life expectancyDia 18.5 mill b 80% c 1/2 d 13.4 mill e 2:10f4%gl990h40%

2、i3/4 j 33.1%2a3 b 1 c2 ci 5 e4II First ListeningSTI population by race and originST2 geographical distributionST3 age and sexIII PostlisteningA 1. Peoples Republic of China, India2. 281 mill3. Hispanics(12.5%)4. Texas5. the South and the West6.20%7. by more than 5 million8. about 6 years9. 2.2 years

3、10. a decreasing birth rate and an increasing life expectancyChapter 2: Immigration: Past and PresentPRELISTENINGB. Vocabulary and Key Conceptsimmigratednatural disasters/ droughts/ faminespersecutionsettlers/ colonistsstageswidespread unempbyinentscarcityexpanding/ citizensfailure decreaselimitedqu

4、otassteadilytrendskills/ unskilledD Notetaking PreparationDates: Teens and Tens18501951The 1840sFrom 1890 to 1930Between 1750 and 18501776188213291860From approximately 1830 to 1930Language Conventions: Countries and NationalitiesCountryPeopleFranceFrenchGermanyGermansScotland; IrelandScotch-IrishGr

5、eat BritainBritons: the BritishDenmarkDanesNorwayNorwegiansSwedenSwedesGreeceGreeksItalyItalianSpainSpanishPortugalPortugueseChinaChinesePhilippinesFilipinosMexicoMexicansIndiaIndiansRussiaRussiansPolandPolesThe Scandinavian countries are Sweden, Norway and Denmark. The Southern European countries a

6、re Italy Greece, Spain, and Portugal The Eastern European countries are Russia and PolandLISTENINGFirst ListeningMajor SubtopicsSTI the Great ImmigrationST2 reasons for the Great Immigration and why it endedST3 immigration situation in the United States todayPOSTLISTENINGA. Accuracy Checkcofonists o

7、r settlersDutch, French, German, Scotch-Irish, BlacksThe third, 1890-1930Southern Europe and Eastern EuropeThe population doubled, there was widespread unemployment, and there was a scarcity of farmlandfree land, plentiful jobs, and freedom from religious and political persecutionthe failure of the

8、potato crop in Irelandlaws limiting immigration from certain area, the Great Depression, and World War IIThey are largely non-European.Industry doesnt need a large number of unskilled workers Chapter 3 American Trademarks1 B 1 statistics2 goods producing / service3 stricter / illegal4 per capita5 be

9、nefits / health insurance6 wages / workweek7 romanticize8 study / productive9 rising / opposite10 outproduce11 stressed12 matched13 stagnated14 CEOs / profits15 unions / favorDa 2ble 3d 4II A STI a historical bok at work in AmericaST2 how U.S. workers are doing todayIll A 1 38%2 3%3 service industri

10、es4 19% in 1900; 60% in 19995 $4,200 in 1900; $ 33,700 in 19996 health insurance7 U.S. workers8 They are less stressed (more vacation weeks)9 No10 to CEOs, the stock market, and corporate profitsChapter 4 Family in the United StatesI .PRELISTENINGB.Vocabulary and Key Concepts1 . disintegrating2 .dom

11、estic role3 .nature/drastically4.sensitive barometer 5.predominant configurationmitinent/reverence7.conformity/gender8.hck/liberation9.self-fulfillmentlO.cohabiting couplesll.tiipled/quadruppled12.decline/initial13.balance/individualism14.flexible/on-site15.mandate/albwancesD.Notetaking Preparation2

12、.Rhetorical Cuesa.2b.5c.3dle.4II. LISTENINGMajor SubtopicsSTI traditional familism: mid-1940s to mid-1960sST2 period of individualism: mid-1960s to mid-1980sST3 the new familism: mid-1980s to presentIII. POSTLISTENINGAccuracy CheckNo, they arent.declining birth rates, rising divorce rates, disconten

13、t of women with domestic rolea married couple with childrenIts cbser to self-reliance.sexual revolution, women s liberation., and the movement against the Vietnam Warthe idealization of career and the drive for self-expression and self-fulfillinentSingle-parent families tripled; cohabiting couples q

14、uadrupledin the second periodcommitment to family; equality of men and women, fulfilhnentquality day care, parental leave, family allowancesChapter 5 ReligionI . PRELISTENINGB. Vocabulary and Key Concepts1. mandatoiy92. surve/Protestant3. modernized4. values5. guaranteed6. establishes7. underestimat

15、ed8. role/played9. decline/revival10. conservative11. controversial/politicized12. phenomenon13.secular/authoritarianD. Notetaking Preparation1. Commonly Used Symbols and Abbreviations2. pop. of China India U.S.3. death rt. + birth bin pop.4. pop. in U.S. c.281milL5. some people imm. to U.S/ nat. di

16、saster; e.g., droughts, famines6. situation diff today / people from Latin Am.+ Asia imm toU.S. from Europe7. After WWII, most Am. Families still trad, i.e., w/ working fa the i;housewife, & children8. Today many child Raised w/o father in homeRhetorical Cues24135II. LISTENINGFirst ListeningMajor Su

17、btopicsSTI facts and figuresST2 United States compared to other modernized nationsST3 increasing role of religion in U.S. politics particularly in recent yearsIII. POSTLISTENINGAccuracy CheckThe media, e.g., television and movies, usually ignore this part of American cultureProtestants, 52%, Catholi

18、cs, 24%Immigrants to America came from many different countries and religious backgrounds.the United States, 60%; Italy, 7%; France, 4%iifreedom of worship (religion)that church and state must be kept separateconservativethe “rise of the religious right”abortion and prayer in public schoolsmore secu

19、larChapter 6 Passages: Birth Marriage and DeathI . PRELISTENINGB. Vocabulary and Key Concepts1. bewildering / ingrained2. shower/ expectant3. mother- to -be / pretext4. expressions of envy / reassured5. unheard of6. banished / delivery7. baptism8. observed / fiancees9. empowered / civil10. bride / g

20、room / superstitious11. banned / hazardous13. memorial / wake14. eubgy / deceased15. condolences / bereaved111. POSTLISTENINGA. Accuracy Check1. shortly before the baby is due2. baby showers not always a surprise, and men sometimes attend3. baptism4. the brides family5. a religious ceremony6. someth

21、ing old, something new, something borrowed, and something blue7. the groom8. in case of cremation9. a sympathy card and flowers10. whiteUnit 7 MulticulturalismPrelisteningB.l.skeptically/homogeneous2.cteny/impact3.melting/metaphor4.alby/myth5.excluded/discrimination6.viewed/prejudice7.mosaic/autono

22、mous8.1ntermarriage/adoption9.implied/exceptionlO.inherit/absorbll.assimihtion/ge Deration12.fragmentation/proponents13.cto minant/reflects14.Opponents/LatinosD.2. a. however; on the other handb. In fact;c. For instanced however; neverthelesse. Rather; Insteadf. On the other hand; However; Neverthel

23、essg. furthermore; alsoListeningAMajor subtopicsSTI the monoculturalist viewST2 the multicultualist viewST3 the pluralistic viewAccuracy checkNoharderthe monoculturalist viewAfrican, Asian,and Native Americans as well as each newly arrived group the patchwork quiltNo17%We inherit, absorb, and choose

24、 itfragmentation or destruction of U.S.cultureopen to changeChapter8 Crime and Violence in the United States1 PrelisteningB Vocabulary and key concepts1. violent/aggravated2. enforcement/stringent3. white-collar/embezzlement4. aggressive/predisposed to5. .to blame/shortcomings6. root/proliferation7.

25、 deprived of/strike out8. underclass/disproportionatedly9. curbs/socializing10. values/compassion11. conscience/bring up12. punishment/deterrent13. financiers/lacking14. takes over/leads to15. benefits/take for granted16D Notetaking Preparation1 Structuringa Crime statistics match publics perception

26、 of less crimeb Three secondary support ideas1 1994-2001:violent crime decreased 52%2 possible reasons for decrease3 statistics on white-collar crime(embezzlement, bribery, etc.)not as clearc Two details for each point1.1994:51 victims per 1000/in 2001, 24 victims per 10004 .stricter law enforcement

27、 in cities/ stringent penalties on repeat offenders3 statistics hard to get and/ It doesnt scare people2 Rhetorical cuesA2b5cld6 e3 f4 ListeningA first listeningMajor subtopicsSTI liberal theory of crimeST2conservative theory of crimeST3 some solutions to the crime problem in the U.SPostlisteningA A

28、ccuracy Check152%2 embezzlement, bribery, political corruption, and/or dangerous corporate policies3 racism, poverty; and injustice4No5 the liberal theory6 by giving them values, a conscience7 socialization by the family and fear of punishment8 Theyve enjoyed the benefits of society9 good education,

29、 health care, and empbyment10 conservativeUnit 9 Public Education: Phibsophy and FundingI PRELISTENINGB Vovabuhry and Key Concepts1 compulsory2 secular3 curriculum/standdardized4 fimds/handicapped5 exercised bcally6 elected7 fluctuates8 a great degree9 controversial10 nonsectarian/compete11 contra c

30、t/accountable12 supporters13 opponents/violates14 bill/ adequate yearly progress/1D Notetaking Preparation1 Structuring: OutliningSTI Three levels of controlA State department of education2 sets basic curriculum3 sets number of creditsB School district1 Numbers depend on size of population and state

31、2 ResponsibilitiesaSpecific content of coursesB Decides electivesC Operation of schookC Individual school1 TeachesresponsilitiesA Dediding how to teachB Preparing and giving examinations2 Rhetorical CuesAlB5C4D2E6F3II LISTENINGA First ListeningMajor SubtopicsSTI three levels of controlST2 how fundin

32、g contributes to bcal controlST3 three issues related to fiindingIII POSTLISTENINGA Accuracy Check1 no nationwide curriculum set by the government, no nationwide examination set by the government2 state department of education, the school districts individual schools3 basic curricuhn requirements/a

33、number of credits4 they are elected by the citizens of a school district.5 federal government-7%, stategovernment?49%/bcal school district-44%6 religious organizations7 nineteenth century8 charter schools9 private schools(usually religious schools)10 as a dangerous step away from bcal control of sch

34、oolsChapterlOI PrelisteningB. Vocabulary and Key ConceptsPostseconda ly/community/coeducationalaccredited/standardsprestigious/competitivetranscript/standardizedextracurricular/ethnic backgroundwere enrolledbreak down/proportionsupgrade/skillswell versed/well informedlenient/transferD. 1. ST3 Commun

35、ity colleges differ from four-year colleges.A. Admissions requirements are much more lenient.1. Enough to graduate from high schoolB. Cheaper to attend1. Tuition and fees are fewer2. Most students live at homeC. Two-year programs1. Lead to A.A. degree2. Many programs vocational but not allConclusion

36、: Different purpose-some part-time for interest, others full-time prior to transferII. ListeningSTI. facts and figuresST2. admissions requirements vary greatlyST3. community colleges differ from four-year collegesST4. makeup of student bodyIII. PostlisteningA. Accuracy Check4,182from less than 100 t

37、o more than 50,000from less than $5,000 to as much as 30 or 40 thousand dollarshigh school transcripts of grades and test results from a standardized exam such as the SATGRE, GMA1； and/or LSATextracurricular activities, ethnic background, and/or work experienceyesAssociate of Arts65.2% 42.6%Chapter

38、11 Distance EducationLPRELISTENING8. Vocabulary and Key Concepts1. setting foot2. instruction/separated3. correspondence4. accredited/community5. upgrade/continuous6. budget crunches7. access/technology8. modes/vary9. via mail/downbad10. residency11. dropout/traditional12. unscrupubus/alluring13. cr

39、edentialsD. Notetaking Preparation1. Deciphering Notes1. No, many distance education programs have residencyrequirements.2. No, admission requirements are the same as for on-campus programs.3. Three examples of computer requirements that online study might require are the latest version of Windows,

40、a microphone and a modem.(Answers may vary.)4. Students are more likely to complete traditional programs than distance education programs. (Dropout rate is higher for distance education.)2.Rhetorical Cuesa.2 b.5 c.l(16 e.3 f.4II .LISTENINGFirst ListeningMajor SubtopicsSTI reasons why distance educat

41、ion is growing so rapidlyST2 how distance education works, that is, what the modes of delivery areST3 some things people considering distance education need to be aware ofIII .POSTISTENINGAccuracy checkby time and by distanceby correspondence(by mail)189290%at the same time(Answers may vary)No(There

42、 are time limits)No(There are about the same)cable modem, DSLNo(The dropout rate is higher for distance courses and programs.)Unit 12 The Role of Government in the EconomyLPRELISTENINGB.Vocabulary and Key Conceptsl.ownership/property2.free erfere/laissez-faire4 .contracts/national def

43、ense5 .confrol/comply with6.income/public assistance/welfarepetitive/antifrust/monopoly8.stability9.taxation/inflationlO.unempbyment/balancell.expenditures/interest12.conservative/favor13.static/compositionD. Notetaking Preparation1 .Prefecture Readinga.No.They were suspicious of strong central gove

44、rnment.b.The Confederation was unable to solve many problems facing the new nation and needed a stronger central governmentc.None. In a laissez-faire economy; the government does not interfere with the economy.dThe government imposed an income tax for the first time. After the Civil Wai; the governm

45、ent had money fbr internal improvements to the country.e.The government usually took the side of big business.f.It provided employment for large numbers of unemployed people and welfare for others, and instituted the Security system.2. Rhetorical Cuesa.4b.5 c.l cL7 e.2f.6g.3II . ListeningFirst Liste

46、ningMajor SubtopicsSTI to protect the environmentST2 to help peopleST3 to keep the marketplace competitiveST4 to maintain economic stabilityIII .POSTLISTENINGAccuracy Checksongs,poems,books,inventionsThe freedom to produce, buy and sell goods and labor without government intervention.laws governing

47、contracts and property rights; national defense; and providing sunch things as roads and canals.greaterto protect itThey are too young old, or sicka good thingthe telephone company AT&Ttaxation,expenditure,and controlling the interest rate on money it lends to businessesIt raises itUnit 13 Governmen

48、t by ConstitutionLPRELISTENING8. Vocabulary and Key Concepts (Script)1 .division/checks/balances2 .branches/legishtive/judicial3 .enacting/e nfo reed4 .accused of breaking/legal dispute5 .Mals/consistent with6 .tasks/abuse7 .power ofveto8 .override/put an end to9.suspected/resignedlO.unconstitutiona

49、l/legal11 .civil rights/racial discrimination12 . desegregation13 .nominates a can di date/a p proveImbalance of powerD. Notetaking Preparationl.Prelecture Readinga Judicial review is the power of the judicial branch of government to examine and determine the constitutionality of hws passed by the l

50、egislative branch.b.No, it is not explicitly mentioned in the Constitution. The Supreme Court interpreted the Constitution to mean that it had this power in a famous case, Marbury v.Madison, in 1803.c. Britaind They exercise it less frequently. Although both countries have provisions for judicial review; they are reluctant to use it.II.LISTENINGFirst ListeningModel OrganizationThere branches of governmentPrinciples of the ConstitutionDivision of powersChecks and balancesl.(exanples)2. (etc.)HI.POSTLISTENINGAccuracy C