《句子成分讲解》ppt课件

1、Unit 3language in useTranslate the phrases未来_结果_3山地自行车运动_ 4出版_5例如_6试图做某事_7整理_8同.一样_9空闲时间_10照顾_ in the future as a resultmountain biking come out such as try to do sth. tidy up as well as free time look after句子成分 1. 组成句子的成分叫句子成分。组成句子的成分叫句子成分。2. 在句子中，词与词之间有一定的组合关系，在句子中，词与词之间有一定的组合关系，按照不同的关系，可以把句子分为不同的

2、按照不同的关系，可以把句子分为不同的组成成分。组成成分。3. 句子成分由词或词组充任。句子成分由词或词组充任。 4. 英语的根本成分有六种：主语英语的根本成分有六种：主语subject、谓语谓语predicate、表语、表语predicative、宾语宾语object、定语、定语attribute和状语和状语(adverbial)。 主语 1. 主语是一个句子的主题，也是句子的主体，表示句子主要阐明的人或事物。 2. 它的位置普通在句首。 普通由名词、代词或相当于名词或代词的词、短语或句子等充任。The meeting will begin at 9:00.(名词) We study in N

3、o. 1 Middle School.(代词) Smoking is bad for you.(动名词) 谓语 1. 谓语是阐明主语的动作或形状。普通放在主语之后。 2. 谓语普通是由动词或连系动词+表语担当。 3. 谓语必需和主语在“人称和“数上坚持一致。 We work hard.(动词 Mike likes his new book. His parents are teachers.(连系动词+表语) She is reading. 表语 1. 表语是表述主语的特征、形状或身份等。 2. 表语位于连系动词之后，二者构成系表构造，即合成谓语 3. 表语由名词、描画词或相当于名词或描画词的

4、词、短语或句子等充任。 Her brother is a driver.(名词) Are you ready?(描画词) We were at home last night.(介词短语) This book is mine, not yours.(代词) The film is exciting.(如今分词) 宾语 1.宾语表示动作、行为的对象。 2.只需及物动词可带宾语，有些不及物动词加上介词或副词也可带宾语。 3.由名词、代词或相当于名词的词、短语或句子担当。 He often helps me.(代词) We study English at school.(名词) If you ad

5、d 5 to 5, you get 10.(数词) Remember to buy some stamps.(动词不定式) He likes making you laugh.(动名词) He said, You are wrong.(句子) Do you understand what I mean?(从句) 宾语补足语：位于宾语之后对宾语作出阐明的成分。宾语与其补足语有逻辑上的主谓关系，它们一同构成复合宾语。1. 名词/代词宾格 + 名词： The war made him a soldier. 2. 名词/代词宾格 + 描画词： Please keep the room clean.3.

6、 名词/代词宾格 + 介词短语： I often find him at work.4. 名词/代词宾格 + 动词不定式： The teacher ask the students to close the windows.5. 名词/代词宾格 + 分词： I saw a cat running across the road. 状语：状语修饰动词、描画词、副词或全句，阐明方式、因果、条件、时间、地点、退让、方向、程度、目的等。用作状语的通常是副词。1副词短语作状语： The boy needs a pen very much.程度状语 The boy , now , needs a pen.

7、时间状语 2介词短语作状语： In the classroom, the boy needs a pen.地点状语Before his mother, Tom is always a boy.(条件状语) On Sundays, there is no student in the classroom.(时间状语) 3不定式作状语： The boy needs a pen to do his homework.目的状语4名词作状语： Come this way! 方向状语 定语 1.定语是用来修饰名词;代词或句子的成分2. 定语有前置定语,后置定语3. 充任定语的词有：描画词;名词;代词;数词

8、;名词一切格.方位副词;不定式;动词的ing方式;过去分词;从句等例如：Tom is a handsome boy. (描画词作定语 )His name is Tom. (代词作定语) The boy in blue is Tom. (介词短语作定语) There is nothing to do today(不定式作定语 )英语五种根本句型列式如下： 根本句型一： 主谓 根本句型二： 主谓表 根本句型三： 主谓宾 根本句型四： 主谓间宾直宾 根本句型五： 主谓宾宾补 I bought my mother a new book for her birthday.She showed me he

9、r stamp collection.I often watch sport on TV.Im a writer.I read a lot.My father wanted me to be a musician.I heard her sing.There are lots of fans in the museum. Im playing the piano.Id like to learn another language, _ I want to travel around the world one day.The Harry Potter stories were very pop

10、ular and _ more teenagers began to enjoy reading than ever before.Jane is good at singing _ dancing.At our school you can try lots of new activities, _ creative writing and playing the piano.5. We made a delicious cake this morning. Now we need to _ the kitchen.6. I asked my parents to buy me a dog. I would _ it. 7. Shall we _ some time _ playing table tennis on Saturday?8. I buy the magazines