Unit10therisksoflife新版

1、L/O/G/OUnit 10 the risks Unit 10 the risks of lifeof lifeBook 1-Unit 9List three things that you can do to keep fit or live longer. Compare your notes with the experts. “Activity is life; stagnation is death.” Activity is the law of life, and of health. Choose to do exercise that suits you well regu

2、larly. Try to mix in strength-building exercise (weight/strength training) with endurance-building (walking, jogging) activities. Book 1-Unit 9 Drink plenty of liquids before, during and after exercise. If you are feeling overtired or ill, dont push yourself to exercise. Practice alternative fitness

3、 exercises such as qigong, martial arts, and yoga. Lead a well regulated life, or a balanced life of work and leisure. Maintain a balanced and healthy diet; for example, more vegetables, fruits, whole-wheat flour, grain; less high fat food such as meat, cream, butter, oil, or high cholesterol diet.

4、Book 1-Unit 9 Deal with stress properly. Avoid smoking and drug abuse. Stay away as much as you can from chemicals such as pesticides, sprays. Do all you can to preserve the environment, such as not littering, not spitting. Clean up the workplace and home regularly. Maintain a good personal hygiene,

5、 such as washing hands before meals, brushing teeth twice a day. Seek advice on health from doctors or other medical professions. Book 1-Unit 91. What are the risks that we are born with?n We are born with certain risks of getting diseases such as lung cancer or heart diseases. n Every one is expose

6、d to the danger of getting disease from the moment of birth. The danger of getting disease is inherent in human beings. Comprehension work Book 1-Unit 92. What can people do to avoid the risks?n change/alter the way we live, the food we eat or stop doing things that are harmful to our healthn get mo

7、re exercise, dont smoke, drink less alcohol, etc.Book 1-Unit 93.What is the rule in the writers mind when he says “Exceptions dont break the rule”? And what is the exception he is referring to?n The rule implied in the passage: we should choose food wisely, dont smoke, and take some exercise regular

8、ly. (Dont be overweight, dont smoke, dont drink excessively, get plenty of exercise.)n The exception implied in the passage: the old man, even though he violated the principles of good habits, lived a long life. (Some people may live a long life without keeping healthy habits. If you happened to see

9、 a man of long life who has not had good habits, dont take it to be a universal truth.)4. If we cant change our genes, then what can we do to keep fit? n Eat wiselyn Maintain good habitsBook 1-Unit 95. What do people mean when they say “Its never too early/late to do a certain thing”? And why?For “n

10、ever too early to ” n Change your eating habits to a healthier diet. n Reason: once you realize you are following an unhealthy diet, a lot of damage may already have been done.For “never too late to ”n Switch to a healthier way of eating/ or change a bad habitn Reason: Good diet or habits may make a

11、 difference to restore health/may improve the condition. Book 1-Unit 9Book 1-Unit 96. What is the main idea of the last section “Individual variation”?n No two people are exactly aliken There is No universal formula for a good diet n Disease patterns are different from person to person.n No safe way

12、 to anticipate who will have what diseasen Certain diets or life habits are good for health. This is a scientifically proven fact.Book 1-Unit 9What we choose to eat can influence our healthfor better or worse.Although our life is more or less determined by the genes inherited from our parents, how w

13、e live can influence how long we live.2nd partExceptions dont break the rule3rd partNever too early4th partIndividual variation1st partIntroductionIts never too early to eat a good diet and live a healthier life. Changing to a good diet may improve the condition.As no two people are exactly alike, t

14、here is no fixed formula for a diet good for everyone. Besides, the disease patterns are different from person to person. However, doctors cant say that certain ways of eating will be good for health.Identifying the Main IdeasPart 1: Introduction - What we choose to eat can influence our healthfor b

15、etter or worse. for better or (for) worse: whether the situation or consequences be good or ill; whatever happens e.g. He promised to be with her, for better or worse.Each one of us is born with a certain risk of getting diseases such as lung cancer or heart disease.be born with: to come into being

16、with birthe.g. be born with a silver spoon in ones mouth 出生在富贵人家 出生在贫穷人家 be born with a wooden spoon in ones mouth such as / such . as: for examplecompare e.g. They exported fruits such as oranges and apples. They exported such fruits as oranges and apples.paraphrase It is potential (possible) for e

17、ach one of us to have the diseases like lung cancer or heart disease.1. risk: possibility of bad result; venturetake a risk/risksat risk: in danger e.g. You really are at risk if you do not wear a seat-belt.risk: v. to place sth. in dangere.g. Firefighters risk their lives to save people and their p

18、roperty.2. disorder: a situation things or people are untidy in order - in disorder e.g. Everything was in disorder, but nothing seemed to be stolen. Even the course of infectious diseases which doesnt seem to have anything to do with food can be affected by how well-fed people are. Key elements: co

19、urse, haveto do with, well-fedcourse: n. spread, directione.g. The course of the argument suddenly changed. 这幅地图标明了主要河流所经过的地区。这幅地图标明了主要河流所经过的地区。 The map shows the courses of the chief rivers. infectious: an infectious illness can be passed from one person to another high infectious n. infection v. i

20、nfect: to give sb. a diseasehave something to do with / not have anything to do with / have nothing to do with e.g. I have nothing to do with the party. Tom said he didnt want to have anything to do with the new boy. affect: v. to have an effect one.g. The crop was severely affected by the recent he

21、avy rain. Paraphrasing: It seems that some infectious diseases have nothing to do with food. However, the development of these diseases can be influenced by peoples diet. Translation: 即使有些传染病和饮食没多大即使有些传染病和饮食没多大关系，但人们的膳食好坏还是会对疾病过关系，但人们的膳食好坏还是会对疾病过程有一定的影响。程有一定的影响。Part 2: Exceptions dont break the rule

22、 - Although our life is more or less determined by the genes inherited from our parents, how we live can influence how long we live.Exceptions dont break the rule.paraphrase As a general rule, its a truth acknowledged by people. Every rule has some exceptions, but these exceptions are not the mainst

23、ream. For example, some people may live a long life without keeping healthy habits. So, if you happen to see a man of long life who has not had good healthy habits, dont take it to be a universal truth.exception: sb. or sth. that is not included in a general statement with the exception of: apart fr

24、om e.g. Everyone was tired, with the exception of John.overweight: over- is a prefix before a noun, a verb, an adjective with the meaning of too much. over-active; over-careful; over-confidence; overtime; over-emphasize; over-crowdedcelebrate: 1) to do sth. special for a particular event or occasion

25、 e.g. We celebrated the New Year with a party. 2) to praise sb. in speech or writing e.g.他给我们读了一首歌颂爱情的十四行诗。他给我们读了一首歌颂爱情的十四行诗。 He read us a sonnet that celebrates love. adj. celebrated: famousfortune: 1) a large amount of money 2) chance, good luck fortune smiles on sb.: sb. is very lucky, everything

26、 is good for sb.好运降临好运降临 with the sun of fortune smiling 万事大吉万事大吉adj. fortunatealter: change, modifye.g. Its still the same book. Only the cover has been altered. You can alter appearance of a room by moving the furniture. Same word, different translations: His intention is to alter the offer. 变更报盘

27、The Managing Director has altered the contract with that company. 修改合同 Sophistry (诡辩)wont alter facts.改变inherit: pass down from one generation to the nextinherit sth. from sb.:e.g. 他从他富裕的叔叔那继承了一笔财产。他从他富裕的叔叔那继承了一笔财产。 He has inherited a fortune from his rich uncle. For basically healthy people there i

28、s no certain way of anticipating who might have a heart attack or suffer from high blood pressure. Key elements: anticipate, there is no certain way of doing sth, suffer fromanticipate Anticipate means to imagine or expect that sth will happen, sometimes taking action in preparation for it happening

29、. The army anticipated (=took action in preparation for) the explosion by evacuating (疏散；撤离)the town.Book 1-Unit 9anticipate: expect (usu. followed by gerund or that-clause)l The police had anticipated trouble from the soccer fans and were at the ground in large numbers. (anticipate sth)l They antic

30、ipate that deaths from AIDS will have doubled by the end of next year. (anticipate + that-clause)l We anticipate running into problems in carrying out the medical welfare reform. (anticipate + gerund/-ing)Book 1-Unit 9 Translate the following sentences: 我们最好在问题出现之前就预测到它的我们最好在问题出现之前就预测到它的存在。存在。 他们预计会

31、有许多人申请这份工作。他们预计会有许多人申请这份工作。 Its always best to anticipate a problem before it arises. They anticipate having a lot of applicants for this job.there is no certain way of anticipating: There is no way of doing sth.e.g. There is no way of discovering the truth.other similar patterns: There is no need f

32、or sb. to do. There is no question of something /that.suffer (vt.): 遭受、蒙受、经历、忍受遭受、蒙受、经历、忍受 They suffered many hardships on their way. The enemy suffered heavy losses in the battle.suffer (vi.): 受苦、遭难受苦、遭难 He suffered terribly in those days. The bad man will suffer one day. (= will be punished)suffer

33、 from : 患（病），因患（病），因而受苦而受苦 He suffered from headache all day long. They suffered from cold and hunger. suffer/suffer fromBook 1-Unit 9 Paraphrasing: It is difficult to tell in advance to those healthy people who might have a heart attack or high blood pressure Translation: 对看上去很健康的人，没有一对看上去很健康的人，没有一

34、个可靠的办法能够预知谁以后会得心脏病，个可靠的办法能够预知谁以后会得心脏病，谁以后会得高血压。谁以后会得高血压。make sense: to make sth. reasonable ,justifiable or practical.e.g. This message doesnt make sense.make sense of: 了解了解的意义；懂得的意义；懂得 Make sense of the sentences/articlePart 3: Never too early - Its never too early to eat a good diet and live a hea

35、lthier life. Changing to a good diet may improve the condition.The implied meaning of the title Never too early: On the one hand, it is never too early to change to eat a good diet and live a healthier life; on the other hand, it is never too late to change to a healthier way of living.evident: obvi

36、ous The applause made it evident the play was a success. It is evident that Jane likes you.self-evident: clearly true and needing no more proofBook 1-Unit 9I assume it to be true. I assume that you always get up at the same time. This brand of wine is assumed to be the best. 这种牌子的葡萄酒被认为是最好的。这种牌子的葡萄酒

37、被认为是最好的。It is assumed that this brand of wine is the best. assume: supposel sth./sb. + to be l + that-clausel be d + to Vl be d + that-clause assume: to take or begin to have power or responsibility 承担（责任）to assume responsibilityto assume anothers debtsassume Translate the following sentences: 1.我们不

38、能仅仅因为嫌疑犯选择保持缄默我们不能仅仅因为嫌疑犯选择保持缄默就假定他们有罪。就假定他们有罪。 2.我还以为你们相互认识呢，因为你们上我还以为你们相互认识呢，因为你们上同一所学校。同一所学校。 We cannot assume the suspects to be guilty simply because theyve decided to remain silent. I assumed that you knew each other, because you went to the same school. If a lifetime of eating high-fat foods

39、has produced unhealthy arteries, changing to a low-fat diet can begin to alter the situation. Key elements: produce, alter Paraphrasing: Suppose a person eats high-fat foods throughout his life, which does a damage to his arteries. Then changing to a low-fat diet can begin to improve the condition.

40、Translation: 如果一个人一生都吃高脂肪食物，如果一个人一生都吃高脂肪食物，导致动脉血管不好，这时改吃低脂肪食物，健导致动脉血管不好，这时改吃低脂肪食物，健康状况就会改善。康状况就会改善。Part 4: Individual variation - As no two people are exactly alike, there is no fixed formula for a diet good for everyone. Besides, the disease patterns are different from person to person. However, do

41、ctors cant say that certain ways of eating will be good for health. alike:(1)adj. (常作表语常作表语) having close resemblance; similar: The twins are as alike as two peas in a pod. Friends are generally alike in background and tastes.(2) adv. in the same manner or to the same degree: They dress and walk ali

42、ke.just as . so .e.g. Just as I hate Mr. Green, so I dislike his wife. Just as they should throw away their prejudice, so we must be prepared to accept their good faith.Book 1-Unit 9exercisel It is quite possible for one woman to stay perfectly healthy by eating only half as much of the mineral as a

43、nother woman in similar health. X times as much/many as If the doctor had not told me to go on a diet, I could have eaten two times as much again.X times as adj./adv. as The train runs three times as fast as the bus.X times the n. of sth. The train runs at three times the speed of the bus.Book 1-Uni

44、t 91.My income is now _ _.(我两年前挣的两倍我两年前挣的两倍)2.I _ (只穿了平时一半的衣服只穿了平时一半的衣服) because of the warm weather. 3.If you _ _ (在学习上花在学习上花上你姐姐一半的时间上你姐姐一半的时间), you could have made the honor roll (优秀生名册优秀生名册).twice as much as I used toearn two years agoam wearing only half as much as I usually dohad spent half as much time on yourstudies as your (elder) sister didfind out sth. / find sth. out: to come to know find out sb. / find sb. out: to discover that sb. has done wronge.g. I need to find out exactly what went wrong.