AP考试Statistics专业词汇中英文对照

1、AP 考试 Statistics 专业词汇中英文对照据 360 教育集团介绍：以下是对 AP 的探索性数据、抽样和实验设计的词汇中英文对照。Part 1 exploring data （探索性数据分析 ）Frequency- 频数 relative frequency- 相对频数cumulative frequency- 累积频数symmetric distribution- 对称分布left-skewed distribution-左偏分布right-skewed distribution-右偏分布clusters and gaps- 集群和缺口 outlier- 异常值mean-均值 me

2、dian- 中位数 range- 极差quartiles - 四分位数 interquartile range- 四分位差percentile- 百分位数 standard deviation- 标准差standardized scores（z-scores）- 标准计分correlation coefficient- 相关系数Pearson s correlation coefficient-皮尔逊相关系数 （ 这只是两种说法，实际等价 ）Least squares regression line-最小二乘回归线Dependent variable- 因变量 independent vari

3、able-自变量Predicted value- 预测值 the coefficient of determination-判定系数Influential observation- 有影响的观测值Residual plot- 残差图Part 2 sampling and experimentation（抽样和实验设计 ）Population- 总体 sample- 样本 sample survey- 抽样调查Census- 普查experiment - 实验设计 observational study-观测研究biased sampling- 有偏抽样judgmental sampling-判

4、断抽样samples of convenience-方便样本volunteer samples-自愿样本simple random sampling- 简单随机抽样systematic sampling-系统抽样stratified random sampling-分层抽样proportional sampling-比率抽样cluster sampling-整群抽样sampling error- 抽样误差 response bias- 回答偏差 nonresponse bias- 无回答偏差undercoverage bias-覆盖不全偏差wording effect bias-措辞偏差exp

5、erimental unit-实验单位 observational unit-观测单位confounding variable -混淆变量factor- 因子 treatment- 处理control group- 控制组 placebo group- 安慰剂组single-blind experiments-单盲实验randomization- 随机化blocking(block)-区组replication-复制，重复completely randomized design-完全随机设计randomized block design-随机区组设计matched-pairs design-

6、配对设计Part 3 anticipating patternsProbability- 概率 sample space- 样本空间Tree diagram- 树形图Impossible events- 不可能事件Sure events- 必然事件Complement of an event- 事件的补事件Disjoint or mutually exclusive events-互斥事件Conditional event-条件事件 independence- 独立Random variable- 随机变量Discrete random variable-离散型随机变量Continuous r

7、andom variable-连续性随机变量离散型随机变量的概率分布离散型随机变量的概率分布Probability distribution of a discrete random variable-Cumulative distribution function-累积分布函数Expected value- 期望值，数学期望Probability distribution of a continuous random variable-Sampling distribution-抽样分布Central limit theorem-中心极限定理Part 4 statistical infere

8、nce统计推断Estimation process- 估计过程 estimate- 估计值Point estimation-点估计 interval estimation-区间估计Margin of error-误差界限Confidence interval-置信区间 confidence level-置信水平Significance- 显著性Statistical hypothesis-统计假设Null hypothesis-零假设，原假设Alternative hypothesis-备择假设Test statistics-检验统计量Type I error- 第一类错误 type II error-第二类错误Rejection region-拒绝域 nonrejection region-非拒绝域Critical value-临界值Left-taile