(完整版)省略to的动词不定式用法归纳.docx

1、省略 to 的动词不定式用法归纳一、使役动词与to 的省略当不定式用于 let, make, have等使役动词后作宾语补足语，不定式必须省略to。如：Let me have another cup of tea给.我再来一杯茶。She had him dig away the snow她.让他把雪挖走。They made him tell them everything他.们强迫他把一切全告诉他们。但是，当使役动词用于被动语态时，其后的不定式则必须要带to。如：他被迫一天工作 20 小时。误： He was made work twenty hours a day.正： He was mad

2、e to work twenty hours a day.注意，表示使役意义的let 和 have很少用于被动语态。另外注意， force, oblige 等虽然也表示 “使 ”，但它们后用作宾语补足语的不定式必须带 to。如：They forced her to sign the paper他.们强迫她在文件上签字。The law obliged parents to send their children to school法.律要求父母送子女上学。考例：1.The teacher forbade _ our seats.A.us to leaveB.us leavingC.to leav

3、eD.to leaving2.Mary had her friend _ the best one.A.chooseB.chosenC.choseD.to choose3.The girl was made _ she didn t love at all.A.marry a manB.to marry a manC.to marry with a manD.married witha man二、感觉动词与to 的省略当不定式用于表示感觉的动词feel, hear, notice, observe, see, watch, look at,listen to 等作宾语补足语时，不定式必须省略t

4、o。如：We all felt the house shake我.们都感觉这房子在震动。I heard him go down the stairs我.听见他下楼了。Did you notice her leave the house?她离开屋子你注意到了吗 ?I watched her get into the car我.看着她上了车。但是，当 feel 后用作宾语补足语的不定式为to be 时，则不能省略to。如：They all felt the plan to be unwise他.们都认为这个计划不明智。注意，当这些动词变为被动语态时，不定式前的to 不能省略。如：They were

5、 heard to break a glass in the next door.听见他们在隔壁打破了一个玻璃杯子。另外，若用作宾语补足语的不定式为完成式，则通常应带to。如：I noticed her to have come early我.注意到她来得很早。考例：ShetoldthatsheheardsomeoneforhelplastnightA.to callB. callC.calledD.calling三、在 had better 、would rather 、maymight as well 、rather than 等搭配之后，动词不定式也不带 to。例如：If youdrat

6、her be alone，we1la11 leave here如果你宁愿独自呆着那我们都离开这儿。You might as well go without her你们还是小带她去为好。(考例 )1.You d better _ when youcome in.A.not to wake up meB.not to wake me upC.not to wake up meD.not to wake me up2.“ How about a drink?”“ I d rather _ something to eat.”A.haveB.to haveC.hadD.having四、在介词 but

7、，except 之后，如果其前有动词 do 的某种形式，其后不定式一般不带 to，反之则必须带 to，表示 “不得不，只能 ”。例如：He does nothing but watch TV all day long他整天除了看电视无所事事、I have no choice but to accept the fact我别无选择只有接受这个事实。(考例 )Sandy could do nothing but_to his teacher that he was wrongA.admitB.admittedC.admittingD.tO admit五、以 why 或 why not 开头引起的无

8、主语中，动词不定式要省略to。Why argue with him?为什么要和他争辩呢 ?Why not tell me aboutit in time?为什么不及时告诉我这个问题?(考例 )I usually go there by train.Why not_by boat for a change?A.to try goingB.trying to goC.to try and goD. try going六、在主语以 what 、a11、the only thing 等开头的包含行为动词 do 的句子中，作为主语补足语的不定式 常可省略 to。The only thing you ca

9、n do is wait and see，你唯 可做的只有等待和观望了：All l can do is help you finish the work on time 我能做的所有事情就是帮你按时完成工作。(考例 )At present the best thing you should do is_another job，A.1ook forB1ooks forC.Iooked forD.1ooking for七、为 -了避免重复， 由 and 或 or 连接两个不定式时， 般可以省略第二个不定式符号 to。 例如：工m really puzzled what to think or sa

10、y我真不知道该怎么想和怎么说。We want to swim and climb the hills next Saturday我们下个星期六想游泳、爬山。(考例 )Thecaptaindecidedtosendhiscarthereand_at once，A.pick them upB.pick up themC.picked them upD.picked up them注:如果前后两个不定式在意义上有对比关系时，不定式符号to 不能省略。例如：I came not to scold,but to praise you.我来不是批评你，而是表扬你的。八、一些含有 but 的固定搭配短语如c

11、anthelp but, can tchoose but, cannot but, can but等结构中，后面跟不带to 的动词不定式。 例如：It rained hard,so they couldn t choose but stay at home.雨下得很大，他们只得待在家里。The old lady could but walk slowly with a stick 。那个老太太人只能拄着拐杖慢慢地朝前走。(考例 )1.I cannot but_your decisionA.admireB.to admireC.admiredD.admires2Hearing theinspir

12、ing news, we couldnbuthelp.A.cheerB.cheeringCto cheerD cheered九、在 make believe(假装 )、make do( 将就 )，let go (放开 )、hear say tell( 听人说起 )、let fly( 发射 )、let fall (掉落 )、leave go(放开 )等固定搭配中，用不带 to 的动词不定式。 例如：The man made believe that he was a policeman，那个人装扮成 个警察。Have you ever heard tell of such things?你有没有

13、听说过这种事情 ?Don t let go of the rope别放开绳子。十、在动词 help 之后可用不带 to 的不定式，也可用带to 的不定式。 例如：Will you help me(to)carry the bag?你能帮我拿这个包吗 ?CustOoers cricitsms help(to) improve the service work of our shops。顾客的批评意见帮助我们的商店改进服务工作。(考例 )She can hclpt_ thehousebecause she s busy making a cake，A.cleanB.cleaningC.cleanedD.beinng cleaned特殊例解：1.She cant help _ the house because shes busy making