必修一unit1语言点

1、Unit1 Cultural relicsLanguage Points1. Does a cultural relic always have to be rare and valuable?(1) rare adj. 稀罕的；稀有的；珍贵的eg. 熊猫是稀有动物，需要得到保护。 Pandas are rare animals, which need protectionIt is rare for sb. to do sth. 某人难得/很少做某事e.g 他很少不按时交作业。It is rare for him not to hand in his homework on time.(2)

2、.valuable adj. 贵重的；有价值的valueless adj. 无价值的；没用的be valuable to. 对有价值eg. 你的建议对我很有价值。Your advice is very valuable to me.value n. 价值；重要性Your advice is of value to me.2. Is it enough to have survived for a long time?survive vi. 幸存；生存；生还幸存；生存；生还eg. 昨天他遭遇了车祸，但幸运的是他活了下来。A car accident happened to him yesterd

3、ay, but luckily, he survived.短语：survive on.靠.生存 survive from. 从中留存下来eg. 许多奇怪的风俗从古代留存了下来。许多奇怪的风俗从古代留存了下来。Many strange customs have survived from earlier times. vt. 经历后依然存在着；幸免于 其宾语一般是表示事故、战争、疾病或灾难的名词e.g 这个六岁的女孩在地震中幸存了下来。The six-year-old girl survived earthquake.survivor n. 生还者，幸存者 survival u幸存，c残存物Ex

4、ercise:用survive的正确形式填空1. Only four passengers_ that ship accident.2. How many _ have been sent to hospital?3. His _ on such an island surprised all the people.4. -Is there anyone who _ the car accident that happened last month? -_.A. has survived; none B. survived from; noneC. survives; No one D. su

5、rvived; Nobody3. In search of the Amber Room. in search of 寻找 （of后面接寻找的目标或对象） eg. 这些科学家正在寻找一种新元素。 The scientists are in search of a new element.in search of, search, search for辨析in search of是固定短语，of后面所跟的名词或代词是“寻找的目标”。search 是及物动词，后面所跟的名词或代词是“被搜查的对象”search for是短语动词，后面所跟的名词或代词表示“寻找的目标” Exercise：1.The

6、boy went out _ something to eat,A. to search B. in search for C. in search of D. in the search of2. Instead of setting down and living a peacefu life, the farmers move from city to city_ work.A. in search of B. in return for C. in honour D. in praise of3. It was reported that many helicopters were s

7、ent there _ the missing passengers.A. in search of B. in need of C. in charge of D. in time of4. Frederick William I, the king of Prussia, could never have imagined that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history.(1) 在本句中用到“情态动词+have done”，用来表示对过去发生的事情的推测。needt have d

8、one 本不需要做却做了should (not) have done 本（不）应该做，却（没）做了would (not) have done 本来（不）会做may/might have done也许做过；本可以做may/might not have done 本来可能不做could have done 可能已经做过；本可以做must have done 表示对过去情况的肯定推测cant/couldnt have done 对过去情况的否定推测（2）amaze vt. 使吃惊；惊讶 e.g 他在英语方面取得了很大的进步，这让我很吃惊。He made great progress in Engli

9、sh, which amazed me.amazed 感到吃惊的，多用于修饰人amazing 令人吃惊的，多用来修饰事物amazement n. 惊奇；诧异to ones amazement 令某人惊讶的是in amazement 惊奇的to ones amazement/surprise 另人吃惊的是eg. 他们惊讶地看着我They looked at me in amazement.Exercise:1. We _ the difficulty together, but why didnt you tell me?A. should face B. might face C. could

10、 have face D. must have faced 2. We _ have bought so much food now that Suzie wont be with us for dinner.A. may not B. neednt C. cant D. mustnt3. 用amaze的正确形式填空It _ me that he always finishes his work in a short time. He is well-known for his working at an _ speed.amazedamazing5. The amber which was

11、selected had a beautiful yellow-brown colour like honey.select vt. 挑选；精选select sb. to do sth 挑选某人做某事select A as/ to be B 挑选A作为Beg. 老板挑选他来完成这个项目。 The boss selected him to finish the project. 我们挑选罗斯作为我们的班长 We selected Rose as/to be our monitor.派生词：selection n. 挑选，选拔 selective adj. 选择的，选择性的辨析select, ch

12、oose, elect, pick outselect 指在同类的许多东西中，进行有斟酌的精选，强调以客观标准进行选择，侧重于进行选择时的挑剔态度choose 是最普通的用语，侧重凭个人的意志或判断力在一些人、物或行为方式中选出一个elect 多指选举或用其他方法推选人，有时也指”决定（做某事，尤指做出某种选择）”，这种选择通常是深思熟虑后作出的决定。pick out 指从个人角度在众多人或物中进行挑选，通常用于不需要认真权衡，只需对此就能作出决定的场合。Exercise：1. She became the first black woman to be _ to the Senate.A.

13、selcted B. elected C chosen D. picked out2. Four skiers will be _ to represent each country.A. elected B. picked out C. selected D. voted6. The design of the room was in the fancy style popular in those days.(1) design n. 设计；图案；构思；意图make design for 为设计/规划by design= on purpose 故意地e.g 你应该规划你的未来。You sh

14、ould make design for your future. v. 设计；计划；构思 designer n. 设计师 be designed for 为而打算/设计be designed to do 目的是做e.g 这个项目目的是帮助老人This project is designed to help old people.(2) fancy adj. 奇特的，异样的 v. 想象；设想（用法与imagine一样）；以为；喜欢 n. 幻想；爱好；迷恋eg. 他俩都喜欢奇特的服装。 Both of them like fancy clothes.fancy (sb.) doing sth.

15、设想/喜欢(某人)做某事 fancy that+从句 想象/以为.eg. 我喜欢雨中漫步。I fancy walking in the rain.have a fancy for. 迷恋；喜欢e.g 我喜欢吃冰淇淋。I have a fancy for ice cream.（3）style n. 风格；风度；类型；文体in+adj.+style 以的风格 in the style of+n. 以的风格 in fancy style 以奇特的风格 eg. 他买了一副毕加索风格的画。He bought a painting in the style of Picasso.be in style=b

16、e popular 流行的；时髦的be out of style=be unpopular 过时的；不流行的Exercise:1. The referece books are mainly _ college students.A. designed for B. designed to C. designed of D. designing for2. 完成句子(1) 多么奇特的动物What a _ _!(2) 我想象不出他长得什么样子？I cant _ _ he is like.(3) 你能想象她竟说出那样的话来吗？Can you _ _ _ a thing like that?fanc

17、yanimalfancywhatfancy hersaying7. It was also a treasure decorated with gold and jewels, which took the countrys best artist about ten years to make.decorate vt. 装饰；装修decorate A with B 用B装饰Abe decorated with.用.来装饰e.g 我们用鲜花装饰圣诞树。We decorate the Christmas tree with flowers.授予（某人）殊荣be decorated for 因而获

18、得殊荣e.g 他因勇敢地与敌人斗争而获得荣誉He was decorated for fighting against enemy bravely.派生词：decoration n 装饰品；奖章decorative adj. 装饰的；作装饰用的 decorator n. 装饰者Exercise:用decorate的适当形式填空1. When will they finish the _ of the bathroom?2. Look, my friend. The coloured lights are very _.完成句子1. The room _ _ _ (被.装饰）fresh flow

19、ers。2. The soldier _ _ (被授予奖章) for his contribution to the country.is/wasdecoratedwithwas decorateddecorationdecorative8. However, the next king of Prussia,Frederick William I, to whom the amber room belonged decided not to keep it.belong vi. 属于;为的一员belong to 属于 注：to是介词；此短语不能用于现在进行时和被动语态e.g 这辆车是我爸爸的

20、。The car belongs to my dad.belongings n. （个人的）财产；所有物;随身携带物belong和介词in, under和with连用时，意思是“适合；应归于；跟.有同样的地位.Exercise:1. Im not sure whether he was the key that _ the door of the classroom.A. had belonged to B. belonging to C. belongs to D. is belonged to2. He took up my cellphone and made a long distan

21、ce call as if the phone _ him.A. belonged to B. was belonging to C. was belonged to D. had been belonged to单句改错I dont know whom this computer belongs.I havent seen the buildings belonged to you.9. In return, the Czar sent him a troop of his best soldiers.in return 作为报答；回报 =in reward in return for =i

22、n reward for 作为对的回报e.g 我们能做些什么来报答他们的帮助呢？ What can we do in return/ reward for the help.辨析 in return, in turn, in return forin return的意思是”作为报答；回报“， 后面不接宾语。in turn的含义是”依次；反过来“， 不接宾语。in return for 的意思是”作为对.的报答“，后接名词或代词等作宾语。Exercise：1. He is always helping people without expecting anything _.A. in charg

23、e B in turn C. in troube D in return用in return, in turn和 in return for填空2. I will go to help him with his work_ his kindness.3. He is ready to help others. _, others are willing to help him.4. He stayed with Mary till nealy midnight, comforting her and being comforted _.in return forIn returnin retu

24、rn10. This was a time when the two countries were at war.at war (with) (和）处于交战状态e.g 曾经有段时期中国和日本处于交战状态。There was a time when China was at war with Japan.“介词+名词”表状态的短语：at: at work在工作/ at table 在吃饭/ at play 在玩耍 on: on show 在展出 / on duty值班/ on sale 出售/ on holiday 在度假/on trial 在实验中 in: in trouble在麻烦中 / i

25、n danger 处于危险中/in secret 秘密地under: under discussion正在讨论 / under construction正在建造中 / under control 被控制住Exercise:1. In the 1930s, the two countries were at_ war, and his father was fighting at _front.A. the;/ B. /;the C. the; the D. /;/2. When I arrived in the country, it was _ another country.A. in w

26、ar with B. at war with C. in war D. at war11. Before the Nazis could get to the summer palace, the Russian were able to remove some furniture and small art objects from the Amber Room.remove vt. 搬开；去掉；消除；免职常与“from连用remove.from把.移开remove from.to.从.搬到.remove sb. from school 开除，勒令某人退学e.g 如果你再迟到的话，你将被学校

27、开除。If you are late again , youll be removed from school.Exercise：1. We tried to _ his doubts and let him tell the truth.2. The manager failed to undertake his responsbility to achieve the sales goal of the company and got _ from his position by the CEO.removeremoved12. In less than two days 100,000

28、pieces were put inside twenty-seven wooden boxes.less than 少于eg. 我在这个城市住了不到一年。 I have been in this city less than a year.考点延伸：(1) no less than 多达；.之多（该短语强调数量多）(2) not less than 至少；.以上（=at least）(3) more than 不仅仅；比.多(4) no more than 仅仅.(5) rather than 而不是(6) other than 除了Exercise：用more than，other tha

29、n，less than填空1. Why didnt you ask for help, _ trying to do it on your own?2. Mr Brown is _ a teacher to us; we look on him as our close friend.3. It is _ one kilometer to the post office. So I usually walk there.4. -Do you need any help, Lucy? -Yes. The job is _ I could do myself.rather thanmore tha

30、nless thanmore than13. There is no doubt that the boxes were then put on a train for Konigsberg, which was at that time a German city on the Baltic Sea.doubt n./ v. 怀疑；疑惑n. 常与of或about连用，表示“对的怀疑” eg. 我有些怀疑他的诚实。 I have some doubts about his honesty.in doubt 可疑的；未确定的There is/ was no doubt that 毫无疑问，eg.

31、 毫无疑问，他是我们班最优秀的学生。There is no doubt that he is the best student in our class.doubt vt.1. doubt被否定定时，其后的宾语从句用that引导。eg. 我们并不怀疑他能把这事做得很好。 We dont doubt that he can do a good job.2. 若doubt是肯定形式时，其后的宾语从句用if或whether引导。e.g 我怀疑他们能否按时来。 I doubt if/whether they will come on time.(3) 派生词：doubtful adj. 令人生疑的；不

32、确定的 doubtless adj. 无疑的；确定的；必定的Exercise:填空：1. There is no doubt _ you will be punished if you are caught _ in the exam.2. There is still some doubt _ he is the best man for the job.3. Do you doubt _ he will win?4. _ that one day a cure for cancer will be found by scientists.thatcheatingwhetherthatThe

33、re is no doubt that14. Is it worth rebuilding lost cultural relics such as the Amber Room or Yuanmingyuan in Beijng?worth n. 价值；作用 (=value) prep. 值得的；相当于的价值be worth+名词/代词 (当名词为金钱时,表示“值钱”）eg. 这幅画值500 美元。 The picture is worth $ 500. sth.+be worth doing 某事值得被做（主动表被动） worth前面可用well, really, certainly等词修

34、饰，不能用verye.g 这部电影值得一看。 This movie is worth seeing. 这个问题不值得讨论。 The question is not worth discussing.worth n. 价值；作用 (=value)eg. 这一研究项目很有价值。 This research project is of great worth. 布莱克先生是个重要的人。 Mr Black is a man of worth.考点延伸：worthy 表示“值得的”，构成短语be worthy of sth, be worthy of doing sth, be worthy to do

35、 sth. 若该不定式或动名词要表示被动意义，则应用被动形式。eg. 中国人为世界经济所做的一切值得赞扬。 What the Chinese have done for the world economy is worthy of praise.Exercise:填空：1. The exhibition is well worth _(visit) and you can see fancy vases of different dynasties on show there.2. The book is worth _(read).3. -How do you find the Britis

36、h Museum? - Great! Its _(good) worth _(visit).visitingreadingwellvisiting15. The old man saw some Germans taking apart the Amber Room and removing it.take apart 拆卸；拆开 （若为代词，放在take与apart之间）e.g 这个男孩把玩具汽车拆开了。 The boy took apart the toy car.apart adv. 分离地；分别地tell/know.apart 区别；辨认live apart 分开住fall apart

37、 崩溃；土崩瓦解；解散apart from 除了（=besides)Exercise：填空：1. Youd better not _ the radio, or youll not be able to put it back together again.2. 你能帮我拆开这台机器吗？ Can you help me _ _ this machine?3. 他们看起来一样，因此很难把他们区分开来。 They look the same, so its hard to _ _ _.take aparttakeaparttakethemapart16. Some people may not a

38、gree with this opinion but they also cannot prove that they are right.agree with 同意，一致，适宜于eg 我满以为他会同意我的话。 I have counted on him to agree with me.agree的短语：agree on/about sth 就某事达成协议agree to do sth 同意做某事agree to sth 应允或接受（意见、计划、安排等）agree that 同意、承认.Exercise:1. - Wed better do something to call on peop

39、le to protect wild animals. - Yes, _A. I couldnt agree more B. I dont agree with youC. Thats all right D. I dont think so填空：1. They say your report doesnt _ the fact. But I dont _ them _ this point.2. I quite agree _ him _ that point.改错：1. All the people agreed with the date.2. The food in your coun

40、try doesnt agree to me.agree withagree withonwithon17. In a trial, a judge must decide which eyewitness to believe and which not to believe.trial n. 审讯；审判；试验常见搭配： on trial 在审讯中；在试验中 by trial and error 反复试验；在失败中找出解决方法e.g 他通过反复试验获得了成功。 He succeeded by trial and error.18. In April 1945 I heard somethin

41、g explode at midnight.explode v.爆炸；爆破；爆裂(可指气球、炸弹、鞭炮等的爆炸)e.g 那个爆竹在他手里爆炸了。 The firecracker exploded in his hand.(指感情）迸发 ，常与介词with, in, into连用 explode with laughter 哄然大笑 explode with anger 勃然大怒注：explode无被动语态。explosion n. 爆炸（声）；迸发explosive adj. 爆炸性的；易爆的；暴躁的；猛增的Exercise:填空：The density（密度) of the star has

42、 become so great that it may _ sometime.完成句子1. 炸弹爆炸了，许多人受了伤。The bomb _ and many people were _.2. 老板听到这个消息时勃然大怒。When the boss heard the news, he _ _ _.explodeexplodedinjuredexplodedwithanger19. On the voyage, the ship_ and sank.sink vi. 下沉；沉下 过去式：sank 过去分词： sunkeg. 夕阳西下。 The sun was sinking in the we

43、st.考点延伸：sink 还有“情绪低沉下来”“倒下来” “下降” “变弱”等含义。eg. 听到这个消息时，他们的情绪低沉下来。When they heard the news, their spirits sank.Exercise:填空：1. Fred entered without knocking at the door and, very out of breath, sank _ a chair.2. Wood does not _ in osink20. I think highly of those who are searching for the Amber Room.think highly of 看重；器重；对评价很高/赞赏=think much/well/ a lot ofe.