初中定语从句精心完全版改PPT课件

1、2021/7/231 2021/7/232什么是定语从句呢？什么是定语从句呢？答案：修饰前面某一名词或代词答案：修饰前面某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。的从句叫定语从句。结构：结构： 先行词先行词 + 关系词关系词 + 句子句子2021/7/233 The man who lives next to us is a policeman.先行词先行词_ 关系词关系词_ 定语从句定语从句2021/7/234the tallthe strong the cleverboyThe boy is Tom.The boy who is tall is Tom.The boy who is strong i

2、s TomThe boy who is clever is Tom2021/7/235 The boy is Tom. The boy is smiling. The boy is Tom. The boy has a round face. The boy who is smiling is Tom. (主语主语)The boy who has a round face is Tom. The boy is Tom. He sits in front of me.The boy who sits in front of me is Tom. 2021/7/236 The man is kin

3、d. Everyone likes him. The man (who) everyone likes is kind. (宾语宾语) The woman got the job. We saw her on the street.The woman (whom) we saw on the street got the job. The teacher will give us a talk. We met the teacher yesterday. The teacher (whom) we met yesterday will give us a talk.2021/7/237appl

4、ethe redthe greenthe smallthe bigThe apple which is red is mine.The apple which is green is yours.The apple which is red is smallThe apple which is green is big.2021/7/238Can you find the pen? I wrote with it just now.Can you find the pen (which) I wrote with just now? 2021/7/239This is a dream.The

5、dream will never come true.This is a dream which/that will never come true.The dog has been found.The dog was lost.The dog which was lost has been found.Practise: This is the house _ is for sale.2. The book _ is lying on the floor is mine.which / that 作主语作主语. (不能省不能省)（作主语）（作主语）whichwhich2021/7/2310w

6、hich / that 作宾语作宾语 ： （可省略）可省略）This is the card.Ive just received the card.This is the card（ which / that Ive just received.Practise: This is the mistake _I always make. I still keep the letters _ she wrote to me.1. I lost the pen _which my father bought me. ) （作宾语）（作宾语）which /thatwhich which 2021/7/

7、2311关系代词关系代词who, that, whom引导的定语从引导的定语从句句: 如果如果先行词先行词是表示人的名词或代词，是表示人的名词或代词，关系代词应用关系代词应用who, that (作作主语主语或或宾语宾语)whom (作作宾语宾语)2021/7/2312who / that 作主语作主语. (不能省不能省)This is the film star.The film star is very popular in China.This is the film star who is very popular in China. (作主语作主语) The boy _broke t

8、he window is called Roy. Do you know the man _spoke at the meeting yesterday? The girl _is watering the flowers is my cousin./ thatwhowhowho2021/7/2313who / whom / that 作宾语：作宾语：( 可省略可省略)The man is a famous writer. He described the man just now.The man _he described just now is a famous writer. (作宾语）

9、作宾语） The boy_ I m looking for is my friend.whose 作定语作定语,表示所属关系。表示所属关系。The boy is my classmate. The boys father is a policeman.The boy whose father is a policeman is my classmate.( who/ whom/ that ) (who(m) 2021/7/2314例题分析例题分析A child _ parents are dead is called an orphan( 孤儿孤儿).A. who B. whose C. wh

10、os D. which2021/7/2315关系词关系词关系代词关系代词: that, which, who, whom, whose关系副词关系副词: when, where, why关系代词的用法关系代词的用法： 关系代词关系代词指代指代充当成分充当成分 that that人/物主语 宾语 which which物主语 宾语who who 人主语 宾语 whom whom人宾语 whose whose人/物定语注意注意：在定语从句中充当宾语的关系词可以省略在定语从句中充当宾语的关系词可以省略小结小结：2021/7/2316有时只能用有时只能用 that , 不用不用 which, 常见的情

11、况有常见的情况有5种：种： 当先行词是当先行词是 all, any, few, little, none, anything, everything, nothing , everybody,nobody, everyone, no one 或被它们修饰时。或被它们修饰时。 Thats all that I know. Is there anything that I can do for you? He answered few questions that the teacher asked.2. 当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时 That is t

12、he most interesting book that I have ever read.2021/7/2317The first thing that I should do is to review my lessons.3. 当先行词有当先行词有the very, the only, the same等修等修饰时。饰时。Thats the only thing that I can do now.These are the very words that he used.4. 当主句以当主句以 who 或或 which开头时，定语从句的开头时，定语从句的关系词用关系词用 that,

13、而不用而不用 which 或或 who.Who is the girl that spoke to you just now?Which is the pen that you lost ?2021/7/23185. 先行词同时包括人或物时，关系词用先行词同时包括人或物时，关系词用that.The man and his dog that I always meet are standing by the gate.2021/7/2319 例句赏析例句赏析2021/7/2320Its an invention which /that is used for keeping off the ra

14、in .2021/7/2321飘飘Its a book that/which was written by Margaret Mitchell. Gone with the wind2021/7/2322Its the Wall that /which was built by Chinese people.2021/7/2323Its an animal that/which.2021/7/2324Its an animal that / which has big nose.2021/7/2325Match the two sentences1.Im reading a book. The

15、 book is about Bill Gates. _2.He is a teacher. The teacher teaches us Chinese._ 3.I dont like the man. He is smoking._4.Where is the picture? You bought it last week._ Im reading a book that/which is about Bill Gates.He is a teacher who/ that teaches us Chinese.I dont like the man who is smoking.Whe

16、re is the picture that you bought last week?2021/7/2326Exercise 1 :用关系代词填空用关系代词填空 The boy _ is playing ping-pong is my classmate. The e-mail _ I received yesterday was from my sister. I hate people _ talk much but do little. The car _ my father bought last month is very beautiful.who / thatwhich/ th

17、atwho / thatwhich / that2021/7/23275. The man _ hair is white is his grandfather.6. Is there a student _ father is a business man?7. This is the house in _ we have lived for 10 years.8.Ive never heard of the people and things _ you talked about just now.whosewhosewhich that当先行词同时指人和物时，关系代词只能用当先行词同时指

18、人和物时，关系代词只能用that.2021/7/2328Exercise 2. My father and his teacher talked a lot about the persons and things _ they couldnt remember. Say all _ you know. Is there anything _ I can do for you?thatthatthat当先行词是当先行词是something, anything, nothing, all 等词时，关系代词只能用等词时，关系代词只能用that.2021/7/23294.This is the fi

19、rst play _ I have seen since I came here.5. This is the best novel _ I have read.thatthat当先行词被当先行词被序数词，最高级序数词，最高级等词修饰时，关系等词修饰时，关系代词只能用代词只能用that.6.Who is the girl _is standing under the tree?7. Which is the machine _ we used last Sunday.当主句是当主句是who或或which 引导的特殊疑问句引导的特殊疑问句，而中心词指人或物时，关系代词只能用而中心词指人或物时，关

20、系代词只能用that.thatthat2021/7/2330关系副词：关系副词：when/ where/why2021/7/2331 when 作时间状语作时间状语:She will never forget the day.She was married on that day.She will never forget the day when (=on which)she was married.It was the year.The World War I broke out in the year.It was the year when (= in which) the World

21、 War I broke out.When = 介词介词 + which 2021/7/2332where 作地点状语作地点状语I want to know the place.I was born there.I want to know the place where (= in which) I was born.The table where (= at which ) she is sitting is a new one.where = 介词介词 + which2021/7/2333why 作原因状语作原因状语, 其先行词常常是其先行词常常是the reason.That is t

22、he reason why(= for which) Im late.I know the reason why he said it.why = for which2021/7/2334Exercise1.October 1,1949 is the day _ the PRC was founded.which B. when C. that D. on that2.Is that the reason _ you are for the plan. which B. what C. why D. for that 2021/7/2335 3. Is this the place _ you

23、 were born? A. which B.where C.what D.that 4.The boy _ has two lovely dogs. A. who live next door B. which lives next door C. whom lives next door D. that lives next door2021/7/2336挑战高难度！挑战高难度！2021/7/2337 1. Is this the place _ you were born? A. which B.where C.what D.that 2. Is this the place _ som

24、e German friends visited last year? A. which B.where C.what D. why2021/7/2338 3.The house _ the famous writer wrote his works is a museum now. A. which B.where C.what D.that 4.The house _ the famous writer bought many years ago is a museum now. A. that B.where C.what D. why2021/7/2339 5.He told her

25、the reason_ why he is unhappy, but she doesnt believe the reason _ he gives her. A. why; why B. why; which C. that; why D. which; why2021/7/2340定语从句易错点定语从句易错点易错点一易错点一：关系代词和关系副词的混用：关系代词和关系副词的混用例例 1. Ill never forget the days when I spent in New York with you. 将将when 改为改为which/that例例 2. Ill never forg

26、et the days which I visited New York with you.将将which改为改为when易错点二易错点二：固定句式出差错固定句式出差错 例例 3. Mary is so lovely a girl as everybody loves her.将将as改为改为that例例 4. Mary is so lovely a girl that everybody loves.将将that 改为改为as2021/7/2341易错点三易错点三：主谓不一致主谓不一致例例 5. Tom is one of the students who likes swimming.将将

27、likes改为改为like例例 6. Tom is the only one of the students who like swimming.将将like改为改为likes易错点四易错点四：与强调句型及其他句型的混合：与强调句型及其他句型的混合例例 7. Was it in the shop that you bought the recorder that you lost your pen？将第一个将第一个that改为改为where例例 8. Youd better make a mark at where you have any questions.将将at去掉或者在去掉或者在at

28、后面加上后面加上the place2021/7/2342易错点五易错点五：对先行词概念不明确：对先行词概念不明确例例 9. Is this library that you visited yesterday？在在that前面加上前面加上the one例例 10. Is this the library where you visited yesterday？将将where改为改为which/that易错点六易错点六：特殊名词作先行词时关系词的选取错误：特殊名词作先行词时关系词的选取错误例例 11. I dont like the way which you speak to her.将将wh

29、ich改为改为in which/that/省略省略例例 12. I dont care for pay. I just want to get a job that I can be greatly valued.将将that改为改为where2021/7/2343易错点七易错点七：介词前置出差错：介词前置出差错例例 17. The two things with which Marx was not sure were the grammar and some of the idioms.将将which改为改为about/of 例例 18. Tell him all the things t

30、o which he should pay attention.将将to移到移到attention后面后面注意注意：在定语从句中前置的介词必须和后面的动词或形容词构成固定搭配在定语从句中前置的介词必须和后面的动词或形容词构成固定搭配但并不是所有的固定搭配中的介词都可前置但并不是所有的固定搭配中的介词都可前置2021/7/2344易错点八易错点八：which 和和whose 的意义不明确的意义不明确例例 19. The book which cover is broken is of great help to all of us.将将which改为改为whose例例 20. The book of whose cover is broken is of great help to all of us.将将whose改为改为which小结：小结：whose+n.(