Language Learning Strategies 4-5PPT课件

1、Chapter Three Strategies for Pronunciation Learning第1页/共43页 I The importance of pronunciation learning / phonetic study 第2页/共43页 “to speak any language a person must know nearly 100% of its phonetics, while only 50-90% of its grammar and 1% of the vocabulary may be sufficient” (Gimson, 1970:3). 第3页/

2、共43页 (1). better communication. (2). the basis of good listening and speaking abilities. (3). influence on the students writing and reading abilities. (4). develop good sense of language.第4页/共43页 II What is a good pronunciation? 第5页/共43页 to pronounce correctly all the individual speech sounds in Eng

3、lish; to pronounce correctly the speech sounds in their combinations in isolated words as well as in sentences; to speak fluently with correct rhythm, including the correct placement of stresses and pauses and the transition of sounds according to the context; to speak with appropriate intonation ac

4、cording to the context.第6页/共43页 III Questionaire on English pronunciation learning strategies 第7页/共43页下面是人们常用的一些英语语音学习策略，请根据数字所代表的意思，选择其一。所选数字一定要能如实描述你的学习情况，代表你的实际做法而不是你的想法或其他人的想法。1= 这种做法完全不符合我的情况2= 这种做法偶尔符合我的情况3= 这种做法有时符合我的情况4= 这种做法通常符合我的情况5= 这种做法完全符合我的情况第8页/共43页Part I （共7小题）1、 记一个音素时，我会想到相近的其它音素。

5、1 2 3 4 52、 记一个音素时，我会想到含有这个音素的单词。 1 2 3 4 53、 记一个音素时，我会联想到汉语拼音中相近的 音素。1 2 3 4 54、 我用归类法来记所学的音素。1 2 3 4 55、 我用音标标记单词的发音，以便记住所学音素。 1 2 3 4 56、 我读绕口令来强化记忆某些音素。1 2 3 4 57、 我课外有规律地复习已学的语音知识。 1 2 3 4 5第9页/共43页Part II（共16小题）8、 我注意倾听老师或英语母语者的发音。1 2 3 4 59、 我模仿老师或英语母语者的发音。1 2 3 4 510、我听磁带模仿国际音标的发音。1 2 3 4 51

6、1、我观察老师或英语母语者的口型。1 2 3 4 512、我注重对自己口腔发音部位的感觉和观察（利用镜子）。 1 2 3 4 513、我看英文电视节目或英文电影来改善自己的语音。 1 2 3 4 514、我跟读并模仿录音材料进行语音练习。1 2 3 4 515、我大声朗读进行语音练习。1 2 3 4 5第10页/共43页16、我反复练习发音不准的音素或单词。1 2 3 4 517、我先读出单词中较难的的音素或音节，再读出整个单词。 1 2 3 4 518、我先读出句子中较难的单词，再读出整个句子。 1 2 3 4 519、我在张嘴发音或读单词前先在心里默默地演示一遍。 1 2 3 4 520、

7、我放慢英语口语表达速度以发准每一个音。1 2 3 4 521、我对英语和汉语的发音进行对比。1 2 3 4 522、老师讲解英语语音知识时我做笔记。1 2 3 4 523、我对所学的英语语音知识进行总结。1 2 3 4 5第11页/共43页Part III（共3小题）24、我根据英语发音规律猜测单词的发音。1 2 3 4 525、我用近似的发音代替正确的发音。1 2 3 4 526、我尽量在交际中学习英语语音。1 2 3 4 5第12页/共43页Part IV（共12小题）27、我制定英语语音学习计划。1 2 3 4 528、我对英语语音学习有明确的目标。1 2 3 4 529、我很好地安排学

8、习日程，使自己有足够的时间学习英语 语音。1 2 3 4 530、我阅读和英语语音知识相关的资料。1 2 3 4 531、我选择合适的英语语音练习材料。1 2 3 4 532、我在准备口头发言时，会把发音较难的单词写下来并用 音标标注。1 2 3 4 5第13页/共43页33、我尽可能地利用身边所有可以练习语音的机会。 1 2 3 4 534、用英语交际时，我能意识到自己的发音错误并进行适当 的纠正。1 2 3 4 5 35、我评价自己的英语语音水平，从而找出存在的问题和解 决方法。1 2 3 4 536、我评价自己的英语语音学习效果，总结出有效的学习方 法。1 2 3 4 537、我与教师和

9、同学交流英语语音学习的体会和经验。 1 2 3 4 5 38、我借鉴成功的学习经验，进而改进自己的语音学习。 1 2 3 4 5第14页/共43页Part V（共7小题）39、我努力培养对英语语音学习的兴趣。1 2 3 4 540、我参与到各种语音学习活动中，以激发自己的学习 动机。1 2 3 4 541、我能正确对待英语语音学习过程中的困难和挫折， 保持自信。1 2 3 4 542、当英语语音学习有进步时，我适当地奖励自己。 1 2 3 4 543、在语音学习中，我努力克服害羞和焦虑心理。 1 2 3 4 544、我与同学或他人在语音学习中的相互鼓励。 1 2 3 4 5 45、我与同学或他

10、人交流语音学习中的情绪变化。 1 2 3 4 5 第15页/共43页Part VI（共5小题）46、英语语音学习中遇到困难时我及时寻求帮助。1 2 3 4 547、我请同学或他人纠正我的英语发音。1 2 3 4 548、我请同学或他人示范正确的英语发音。1 2 3 4 549、我和同学或他人一起练习英语发音。1 2 3 4 550、我教授或辅导他人英语语音知识。1 2 3 4 5第16页/共43页第17页/共43页 一、直接策略（direct strategies） 认知策略（cognitive strategies） 记忆策略（memory strategies） 补偿策略（compensa

11、tion strategies） 第18页/共43页1. Adequate knowledge of phonetic theoryOrgans of speech (发音器官) A. 咽喉 pharynx cavity 1. 气管 windpipe 2. 声带 vocal cords 3. 会餍软骨 epiglottis B. 口腔 mouth cavity 4. 舌分为四部分: a. 舌端 the blade of the tongue b. 前舌 the front of the tongue c. 后舌 back of the tongue d. 舌根 root of the tong

12、ue 5. 硬腭 hard palate 6. 软腭 soft palate 7. 齿龈 alveolar ridge 8. 上/下齿 upper/lower teeth 9. 上/下唇 upper/lower lip 10. 小舌 uvular C. 鼻腔 nasal cavity第19页/共43页2. Grouping（归类）and Summarising（小结） There are 44 phonemes in English. They are divided into vowels and consonants. 第20页/共43页Vowels are sounds produced

13、 without obstraction of the air passage in the mouth but with the vibration of the vocal cords.Consonants are sounds produced with a complete or partial obstruction which prevents the air from going freely through the mouth. They are either voiced or voiceless. 第21页/共43页Classification of vowels A. a

14、ccording to the height of the raised part of the tongue: close vowels i: u: half close vowels i、:、u half open vowels e、: open vowels 、a: B. according to the part of the tongue raised:front vowels i:、i、e、central vowels :、 back vowels u:、u、:、a:第22页/共43页 C. according to the length of the vowels, they a

15、re divided into long vowels and short vowels. D. According to the shape of the lips, the vowels can be divided into rounded vowels, unrounded vowels (spread vowels) and neutral vowels.第23页/共43页第24页/共43页The eight diphthongs can be divided into closing Closing Diphthongsei、ai、i、au、u and Centering Diph

16、thongsi、u. 第25页/共43页 第26页/共43页 3. Imitating（模仿）1）听44个音素的国际音标并模仿i:、i、e、:、 、u:、u、:、a:ei、ai、i、 u、 au、i、up、b、t、d、k、g、f、v、 、 s、z、 h、 t、d 、 r、 l、 m、n、 、w、j 第27页/共43页 Rain The rain is raining all around, It falls on field and tree. It rains on the umbrellas here, And on the ships at sea.第28页/共43页 A Private

17、 Conversation Last week I went to the theatre. I had a very good seat. The play was very interesting. I did not enjoy it. A young man and a young woman were sitting behind me. They were talking loudly. I got very angry. I could not hear the actors. I turned round. I looked at the man and the woman a

18、ngrily. They did not pay any attention. In the end, I could not bear it. I turned round again. “I cant hear a word!” I said angrily. “Its none of your business,” the young man said rudely. “This is a private conversation!”第29页/共43页4. Comparison（比较）and Elaboration（联想）i: ieat itfeel fillheat hitleap l

19、ipmeal millseen sinwheel willread ridpeak pig i: emeet met feed fedbleed bledlead ledleave leftfeel feltsleep sleptkeep kept 第30页/共43页 /i:/ is usually read in the following letters or letter groups : e ea ee ei i ie achieve agree appreciate believe cheap dream eager feel extremely succeed lead secre

20、t free need meet 第31页/共43页5. Imagery（利用视觉形象）第32页/共43页第33页/共43页第34页/共43页 i 第35页/共43页6. Read tongue twisters 1）A big black bug bit a big black bear, made the big black bear bleed blood. A big black bug bit a big black bear. Wheres the big black bear the big black bug bit? 2）All I want is a proper cup

21、of coffee made in a proper copper coffee pot, you can believe it or not, but I just want a cup of coffee in a proper coffee pot. Tin coffee pots or iron coffee pots are of no use to me. If I cant have a proper cup of coffee in a proper copper coffee pot, Ill have a cup of tea!第36页/共43页 3）A writer na

22、med Wright was instructing his little son how to write Wright right. He said: It is not right to write Wright as rite-try to write Wright aright! 4）A tall eastern girl named Short long loved a big Mr. Little. But Little, thinking little of Short, loved a little lass named Long. To belittle Long. Sho

23、rt announced She would marry Little before long. This caused Little shortly to marry Long. To make a long story short, did tall Short love big Little less because Little loved little Long more? 第37页/共43页 5）Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers. Did Peter Piper pick a peck of pickled peppers?

24、If Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers, wheres the peck of pickled peppers Peter Piper picked? 6）Fuzzy wuzzy was a bear. Fuzzy wuzzy had no hair. Fuzzy wuzzy wasnt fuzzy. Was he? 7）How much wood would a woodchuck chuck if a woodchuck could chuck wood? He would chuck, he would, as much as he

25、 could, and chuck as much wood as a woodchuck would if a woodchuck could chuck wood.第38页/共43页 8）She sells seashells by the sea shore. The shells she sells are surely seashells. So if she sells shells on the seashore, Im sure she sells seashore shells. 9）If you notice this notice you will notice that

26、 this notice is not worth noticing. 10）Moses supposes his toeses are roses, but moses supposes erroneously. For moses, he knowses his toeses arent roses as moses supposes his toeses to be! 11）Of all the felt I ever felt, I never felt a piece of felt which felt as fine as that felt felt, when first I

27、 felt that felt hats felt.第39页/共43页 12）A flea and a fly were trapped in a flue, and they tried to flee for their life. The flea said to the fly Lets flee! and the fly said to the flea Lets fly! Finally both the flea and fly managed to flee through a flaw in the flue. 13) A tree toad loved a she-toad who lived up in a tree. He was a two-toed tree toad