Therebe和介词短语PPT课件

1、一、There be 结构问题1： there be结构用在什么情况？ 表示“在某地 /某时有某物/某人” 等概念时就要用there be结构。问题2： there be结构是怎样的一种句型？ 它是一种倒装句。 副词there是引导词，无词义，后接动词be的各种形式，其主语是be动词后面的名词。主语之后是表示时间和地点的状语（通常用介词短语：介词 + the + 名词）。结构： There is / are + 主语（某物某人 ）+介词短语(某地某时) 第1页/共26页There be的各种句式： 1、肯定句： There is + a/an + 可数名词的单数 +某地某时 There is

2、+ 不可数名词 + 某地某时 There are + 可数名词的复数 + 某地某时 我家房前有个小花园。 There is a small garden in front of my house 瓶子里有些水。 There is some water in the bottle. 桌子下面有几个球。 There are some balls under the desk. 第2页/共26页 2、否定句： There isnt +a / an+可数名词的单数+某地/某时 There isnt (any) + 不可数名词 + 某地某时 There arent (any)+ 可数名词的复数+某地/某

3、时 树上没有鸟。 There isnt a bird in the tree. 盘子里没有面包。 There isnt any bread in the plate. 草地上没有兔子。 There arent any rabbits on the grass.第3页/共26页 3、一般疑问句 一般疑问句要把be提到there前，句末加问号。如果句中有some，要改为any。 结构：Be + there +（any）+主语+介词短语+？ 门后有支猫吗？ Is there a cat behind the door? 不，没有。 No，there isnt. 花园里有花吗？ Are there a

4、ny flowers in the garden？ 是的，有。 Yes，there are第4页/共26页4、特殊疑问句（1）对There be结构中作主语的名词提问，无论主语是单数、复数形式，习惯用 “Whats + 介词短语（介词+地点名词） + ？” 中间通常不用there，例如：1.There is a bike under the tree Whats under the tree ?2.There are many books on the table Whats on the table ?第5页/共26页 (2) 就There be结构中名词前表数量的词提问，习惯用法是 “Ho

5、w many + 可数名词(复数) + are there + 某地 (某时) ”，如果是不可数名词要用 how much。例如： 1 There is only a teacher in the classroom How many teachers are there in the classroom? 2There are twenty-four hours in a day How many hours are there in a day? 3 There is some milk in the fridge How much milk is there in the fridge？

6、第6页/共26页经典点拨 就划线部分提问 There are ten books on the desk. Whats on the desk? How many books are there on the desk? Where are ten books? （3）就there be结构中的地点状语提问要用where。第7页/共26页5、主谓一致 在There be结构中，be后若有多个主语，be (isare)的变化应根据靠近它的那个主语而定：若靠近它的是可数名词单数或不可数名词，则用is；若靠近它的是可数名词复数，则用are，这叫英语中的“就近原则”。如： 1.There a lamp

7、，a mirror，a computer and some books on the desk 2.There some rice and vegetables in the bowl 3.There some pencils，some rules and a pen in the pencil-boxesisisare第8页/共26页There be结构用法口诀There be放句前，主语跟在be后面。单数不可数用is，复数用are最明显。否定be后加not，疑问be在there前。介词短语表地点， “某处有某物”记心间。 教你一招第9页/共26页( ) 1. There a telepho

8、ne in the room. A. have B. has C. isnt D. arent( ) 2. There many places of interest in Beijing. A. are B. is C. have D. has( ) 3. There sugar in your coffee. A. are B. has C. is D. be( ) 4. There a car and two bikes in front of the house. A. are B. has C is D. lies 牛刀小试CACC第10页/共26页 ( ) 5. there any

9、 apples and milk in the fridge? Yes, there are some. A. Are B. Is C. Have D. Has ( ) 6. There arent dormitory buildings in our school. A. some B. a C. any D. an ( ) 7. in the basket? some bread and bananas AWheres；Therere BWhats；theres CWhatre；Theres DWhats；therere ( )8. Is there any milk in the bot

10、tle？ A. Yes, theres B. Yes, there are C. No, there is D. No, there isntACBD第11页/共26页6、There be 结构和have/has的区别 两者都表示“有”。 have /has表示“某人/某物拥有”， there is /are表示“某地或某时存在某人/某物”。例如： 1.我们有两个篮球。（篮球为我们拥有） We have two basketballs 2.这个房间有四个窗户。（窗户属房间所有） The room has four windows 3.屋里有三个学生。（表存在） There are three

11、students in the room第12页/共26页 在翻译“有”时，很多同学搞不清用have /has还是用there is /are。告诉大家一个小窍门： 在汉语句首加个“在”字句子仍通顺，就用there is /are。如不通顺就用have /has。例如： （在）我桌上有本书。加“在”句子仍通顺，用there is /are。 There is a book on my desk. （在）我有本书。加“在”句子不通顺，用have /has。 I have a book. 7、如何翻译“有”？第13页/共26页练习：将下列句子译成英语 1.树上有一只鸟。 There is a bi

12、rd on the tree. 2.她有一辆新自行车。 She has a new bike. 3.教室里有一些学生。 There are some students in the classroom. 4.我有一块漂亮的手表。 I have a nice watch.第14页/共26页5.这个女孩有一张圆脸。 The girl has a round face.6.你有小刀吗？ Do you have a knife? 7.他们有一座漂亮的房子。 They have a nice house.8.房间里有书桌吗？ Is there a desk in the room? 第15页/共26页二

13、、介词 1概念： 介词也称为前置词，用于名词或代词前。可以表示时间、地点、方位等。介词后面的名词或代词称为介词宾语。介词和介词宾语构成介词短语（介词+the+名词），表示“在某处”， the 不省略也不用翻译。 2分类： 简单介词：只是一个单词。 如： in，on，at， under，near，along等。 合成介词：由两个以上的单词合成。 如： next to ， fromto,in front of，across from，betweenand, on the corner of 等。第16页/共26页3、表示方位的介词用法图解第17页/共26页along / across第18页/共2

14、6页between / among / around第19页/共26页4、部分介词短语的区别(1 ) 在前面：我们的教室前面有块黑板。（在范围之内）There is a blackboard in the front of our classroom我们家的房前有些树。（在范围之外）There are some trees in front of our house第20页/共26页 在树上 看!树上有只鸟。（外来物） Look! Theres a bird in the tree 看！树上有很多苹果。（长在树上的） Look! Therere many apples on the tree第

15、21页/共26页 (3)在墙上 on the wall（在墙的表面上） in the wall 镶入墙内 (门、窗、洞) 墙上有一幅中国地图。 There is a map of China on the wall 墙上有两扇窗户和一扇门。 There are two windows and one door in the wall第22页/共26页5、用适当的介词填空 1. A big library is next my classroom. 2. How far is it here your school? 3. There are some apples the tree. 4. T

16、here is a ball the table. 5. There is a picture the wall. 6. There is a basketball match Class 1 and Class 2. 7. The blackboard is the classroom. 8. Excuse me. Can you tell me the way the shop? Go the road. Go the bridge. The shop is your right.tofromtoonunderonbetween in the front oftoalongacrosson

17、第23页/共26页 Review of this lesson 1. there be 结构 句型 There is / are + 主语 + 介词短语 There isnt / arent + 主语 + 介词短语 Is / Are there + 主语 + 介词短语 + ? Whats + 介词短语（介词+地点名词） + ？ How many + 可数名词(复数) + are there +介词短语+ ？ How much + 不可数名词+ is there +介词短语 + ？ 用法口诀 There be放句前，主语跟在be后面。 单数不可数用is，复数用are最明显。 否定be后加not，疑问