(全)高考英语真题详解-阅读七选五-解题技巧与实例

1、高考英语真题详解阅读七选五解题技巧与实例七选五阅读是全国及各省市高考卷中常见的一类新型阅读题型，也是许多考生感 到棘手的一道阅读题。七选五阅读不仅仅是考查学生的语言知识,更侧重于考查 学生的逻辑思维能力，七选五阅读不只是考查句内语法关系，更侧重于考查句间 及跨句间的逻辑关系。句间关系是一种承前启后的横向逻辑关系，可分为承前关 系、启后关系和承前启后关系三种。跨句间关系是一种跨越多句，甚至跨越段落 的语篇结构关系。高考七选五阅读两种关系都有考查到，主要是以考查句间横向 关系为主。七选五阅读实例分析例：2016年全国一卷第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能

2、填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项 为多余选项。Secret codes （密码）keep messages private. Banks, companies, and government agencies use secret codes in doing business, especially whe n in formation is sent by computer.People have used secret codes for thousands of years. 36 Code breaking never lags（落后）far behind code making.

3、 The science of creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography.There are three main types of cryptography. 37 For example, the first letters of My elephant eats too many eels spell out the hidden message Meet me.38 You might represent each letter with a number. For example, let7 s number

4、 the letters of the alphabet, in order, from 1 to 26. If we substitute a number for each letter, the message Meet mez/ would read 13 5 20 13 5.A code uses symbols to replace words, phrases, or sentences. To read the message of a real code, you must have a code book 39 For example,bridge might stand

5、for meet and out might stand for me. The message bridge out would actually mean Meetme. 40 However, it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long. So codes must be changed frequently.A. It is very hard to break a code without the code book.B. In any language, some letters are used more than ot

6、hersC. Only people who know the keyword can read the message.D. As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them.E. You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spelled out.F. With a code book, you might write down words that would stand for other words.G. Another

7、 way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.解析 36 : D. As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them 本题为横向句间承前启后关系z As long as there have been codes承接前一 句的 People have used secret codes for thousands of years ; people have tried to break

8、 them 承接后一句的 Code breaking never lags far behind解析 37 : E. You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spelled out.本题为横向句间启后关系,开启后一句Foexample, the first letters of My elephant eats too many eels spell out the hidden message Meet me. 对第一种设密方式的举例说明。解析 38 : G. Another way to hide a

9、message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.本题来纵向跨句间关系，跨越四个句子,M句There are three main types of cryptography为总结概括设秘有三种类型，第二 三句说明了第一种设密方式, 第四句说明第二种设密方式Another way to hide a message。解析 39 : F. With a code book，you might write down words that would stand for other words.本题为横向句

10、间承前启后关系/ With a code book承接前一句的you must have a code book ; write down words that would stand for other words 开启后一句对第三种设密方式的举例说明。解析 40 : A. It is very hard to break a code without the code book.本题为横向句间启后关系,开启后一句it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long ,与之形成转折关系。例2016年全国二卷A garden that s ju

11、st right for youHave you ever visited a garden that seemed just right for you, where the atmosphere of the garden appeared to total more than the sum(总和)of its parts?坐.But it doesn1 t happen by accident. It starts with looking inside yourself and understanding who you are with respect to the natural

12、 world and how you approach the gardening process._37_Some people may think that a garden is no more than plants, flowers, patterns and masses of color. Others are concerned about using gardening methods that require less water and fewer fertilizers(BE4). 38 .However, there are a number of other rea

13、sons that might explain why you want to garden. One of them comes from our earliest yearsRecal 1（回忆）your childhood memoriesOur model of what a garden should be often goes back to childhood.Gran dmaz s rose garde nan d DacT s vegetable garde n might be good or bad, but that s not what s importa nt. 3

14、9 how being in those garde ns made us feel. If you d like to build a powerful bond with your garden.start by taking some time to recall the garde ns of your youth, 40 then go outside and work out a plan to translate your childhood memories into your grown-up garden. Have fun.A. Know why you gardenB.

15、 Find a good place for your own gardenC. It s our experience of the garden that mattersD. It s delightful to see so many beautiful flowersE. Still others may simply enjoy being outdoors and close to plantsF. You can produce that kind of magical quality in your own garden, tooG For each of those gard

16、ens, write down the strongest memory you have 解析 36 : F. You can produce that kind of magical quality in your own garden, too.本题为横向句间承前关系,承前回答了前一句疑问句,如果你想拥有这样一个花 园的话，你也可以拥有。解析 37 : A. Know why you garden本题为纵向跨句间关系,跨越了下一个自然段五个句子,统领整个自然段,说明 人们想拥花园的目的。解析 38 : E. Still others may simply enjoy being outd

17、oors and close to plants本题为横向句间承前关系Still others may simply enjoy承接前一句的Others are concerned about解析 39 : C. It s our experienee of the garden that matters本题为横向句间承前关系,承接前一句的that s not what s important.意思 是花园的好与坏不重要,重要的是我们经历。解析 40 : G. For each of those gardens, write down the strongest memory you have

18、本题为横向句间承前关系；承接前一句的taking some time to recall the gardens of your youth z意思是先回忆z然后把回忆的东西写下来。三.高考七选五阅读真题1.2016四川卷第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）Both men and women are living Ion ger these days in industrialized countries. 36 In generalz they can expect to live six or seven years more than men. One reason for th

19、is is biologicalOne important biological factor that helps women live longer is the difference in hormones between men and women. 37 Between the ages of about 12 and 50, women produce hormones that are involved in fertility （生育能力）.These hormones also have a positive effect on the heart and blood flo

20、w. In fact； women are less likely to have high blood pressure or to die from heart attacks.38 They help the body defend itself against some kinds of infections. This means that women generally gen sick less often and less seriously than men. The common cold is a good example: women, on average, get

21、fewer colds than men,39 Scientists are still not exactly sure how influence aging; but they believe that they do. Some think that a woman7 s body cells have a tendency （向）to age more slowly than a man s. Others think that a man1 s body cells have a tendency to age more quickly. 40A However, wome n,

22、on average, live Ion ger.B .The biological factor plays an important partC. Women are also helped by their female genesD. The female hormones also protect the body in another way.E. Recent research seems to support both of these possibilities.F. Therefore/ women are healthier than men and can live a

23、 better lifeG Hormones are chemicals which are produced by the body to control carious body functions.答案：AGDCE2. 2016全国三卷第二节（共5小题；每小题2分满分10分）Everyone knows that fish is good for health, 36 But it seems that many people dorf t cook fish at home. Americans eat only about fifteen pounds of fish per per

24、son per year, but we eat twice as much fish in restaurants as at home. Buying, storing, and cooking fish isrf t difficult 37 This text is about how to buy and cook fish in an easy way38 Fresh fish should smell sweet: you should feel that you7 re standing at the ocean s edge Any fishy or strong smell means the fish isnz t fr