2021高考英语一轮复习第一编必修2Unit3Computers学案含解析新人教版

1、 unit 3computers晨背分钟 填词并背记computersthe goal of early calculating machines was to simplify difficult sums. but with the help of new technology, electronic chips replaced tubes and a revolution of artificial intelligence has arisen. from then on, the appearance of computers totally changed our lives.

2、they can not only download information from the web when connected by the network or mobile phone signals, but also solve different types of logical problems. with operators as their coaches, they can even control rockets to explore the moon and instruct androids with the human races characters to m

3、op floors and watch over your naughty niece. anyhow, computers are so helpful that they do bring happiness.however, computers are easily attacked by viruses. this reality has become a hardtodeal withproblem. as a result, computers are dangerous in a way. so, personally, i worry about their universal

4、 applications in some fields, such as finance. 电脑早期计算机器的目的是简化比较难的算术。但是在新技术的帮助下，电子芯片代替了电子管，一场人工智能革命由此掀起。从那时起，电脑的出现完全改变了我们的生活。它们不仅能在网络或移动电话信号的连接下从网上下载信息，而且可以解决各种类型的逻辑问题。在操作员的指导下，它们甚至还可以控制火箭探索月球，指导具有人类性格的机器人擦洗地板和照顾你调皮的侄女。不管怎么说，电脑都是如此的有用，以致的确给人们带来了快乐。然而，电脑很容易受到病毒的攻击，这一现实已经成为一个难以处理的难题，结果，电脑在某种程度上是很危险的。因此

5、，就个人而言，我很担心电脑在某些领域，例如金融方面的广泛应用。1calculate (vt.) 计算calculation (n.) 计算2universal (adj.) 普遍的；通用的；宇宙的universe (n.) 宇宙；天地万物3simplify (vt.) 简化simple (adj.) 简单的simply (adv.) 仅仅；只；不过4operator (n.) (电脑)操作员；接线员operate (v.) 运转；工作operation (n.) 手术；运作5intelligence (n.) 智力；聪明；智能intelligent (adj.) 智能的；聪明的6reality

6、 (n.) 真实；事实；现实real (adj.) 真正的；真实的really (adv.) 真正地；确实地7personal (adj.) 私人的；个人的；亲自的personally (adv.) 就个人而言；亲自personality (n.) 个性；人格；名人8application (n.) 应用；用途；申请apply (v.) 应用；申请applicant (n.) 申请人；求职者applied (adj.) 应用的；实用的9finance (n.) 金融；财经financial (adj.) 金融的；财政的10explore (vt.& vi.) 探索；探测；探究explorer

7、(n.) 探险家；勘探者exploration (n.) 探索11happiness (n.) 幸福；快乐happy (adj.) 高兴的；快乐的12type (n.) 类型(vt.& vi.) 打字typist (n.) 打字员13electronic (adj.) 电子的electricity (n.) 电；电学14make up 弥补；编造；打扮；构成15have sth. in common 有共同之处16after all 毕竟；终究17go by (时间)过去18of high quality 高质量的重点知识分钟solve vt. 解决；解答(p18)单句语法填空with mos

8、t of the problems (solve), i felt a great weight taken off my mind.it may take a long time to find a (solve) to the problem.答案：solvedsolution(1)solve a problem 解决一个问题(2)solution n. 解决办法；处理手段a/the solution to sth. 的解决方法totally adv. 完全地；整个地(p18)(1)单句语法填空i (total) agree with what susan says about the b

9、est present.答案：totally(2)单句写作上周共有300人来参观少林寺。last week 300 people came to visit the shaolin temple.总计24%的人相信这次改革对他们个人和国家来说都是有益的。 24% believe that the reform will be beneficial to the country and good for themselves.答案：in totala total oftotal adj. 总的；整个的n. 总数；合计v. 总计；共计a total of 总共in totalin all 总计；总

10、共signal vi.& vt. 发信号n. 信号(p23)(1)单句语法填空the policeman signalled the driver (stop) his car by raising his hand.he stood up, (signal) to the police officer that he had finished talking with his client.答案：to stopsignalling/signaling(2)单句写作树上叶子颜色的改变发出秋天到来的信号。the changing colour of the leaves on the trees

11、 that it will soon be autumn.答案：sends out the signal(1)signal (to) sb. to do sth. 示意某人做某事signal (to) sb. that . 示意某人(2)a traffic signal 交通信号send out a signal 发出信号arise vi. (arose, arisen) 出现；发生；起身(p23)(1)写出下列句中arise的含义unexpected difficulties arose in the course of their experiment. mistakes often ar

12、ise from carelessness. they arose at sunrise to get an early start to the park. seeing their teacher come into the classroom, all the students arose from the chairs. 答案：出现；产生由引起起床起身(2)单句语法填空a number of high buildings (arise) where there was nothing a year ago but ruins.答案：have arisen(3)单句写作你开车时越小心越好

13、，事故往往是由疏忽大意引起的。you cant be too careful while driving; accidents often carelessness.太阳东升西落。the sun in the east and sets in the west.半导体的故事这本书激发了这个男孩对物理的兴趣。the book, the story of semiconductors, the boys in physics.他提高了嗓音，以便所有学生都能听见。he so that he could make himself heard by all the students.答案：arise f

14、romrisesarouses; interestraised his voice(1)arise表示“出现；发生”之意时，其主语多为problem, argument, quarrel, danger, movement, question等抽象名词，多指不好的事情发生或出现。(2)arise from/out of 由而引起；由而产生易混辨析原形词性词义过去式过去分词现在分词arisevi. 出现；发生；起身arosearisenarisingrisevi. 升起；增长；上升roserisenrisingraisevt. 举起；抚养；饲养raisedraisedraisingarousev

15、t. 唤醒；引起arousedarousedarousing一言辨异one of the problems arising from the present economic situation is that the price is rising sharply, of course, partly because some illegal businessmen raise it on purpose, which has aroused some objections.当前经济形势产生的问题之一是价格迅速上涨，当然，部分原因是一些不法商贩故意提高价格；这种现象已经引起了一些反对之声。a

16、s a result 结果；因此(p18)单句写作我们花很多钱为旅游业做广告。结果，越来越多的游客来到我们的家庭宾馆。weve spent a lot of money on advertising tourism. ， more and more visitors come to our family hotel.由于政府的支持，乡村变得越来越宜居。 the support from the government, the villages become more and more comfortable to live in.定期锻炼会减少压力。regular exercise can r

17、educing stress.他行走困难是因为小时候的病症。his difficulty in walking a childhood illness.答案：as a resultas a result ofresult inresults from(1)as a result表示“结果；因此”，引出结果，在句中充当状语as a result of表示“作为的结果；由于”，引出原因，是介词短语(2)result from 由造成；因而产生，后跟原因result in 导致，后跟结果in a way 从某种意义上；在某种程度上(p23)用way相关短语的适当形式填空 ， he has made

18、great progress this term.her social life got of her studies.he decided that he would drive home instead of putting up at a hotel for the night. ， i found that book you were looking for.all the goods were transported the netherlands.only can we grow up to be independent and become truly successful. s

19、hould you lose heart when you are faced with difficulties.答案：in a wayin the wayall the wayby the wayby way ofin this wayin no way名师点津(1)表达“在某种程度上”时，还可用in a sense, to a/some degree及to an/some extent三个短语。(2)in no way置于句首时，句子要部分倒装。deal with 处理；安排；对付；涉及；讨论；与交易(p24)(1)写出下列句中deal with的含义there are too many

20、 difficulties for us to deal with. he has learnt to deal properly with all kinds of complicated situations. it is an attempt to deal with a set of weighty topics. they have learnt to deal with various persons. 答案：处理应付涉及与打交道(2)单句语法填空ive dealt this company for 20 years.if youll knock down the price by

21、 another 5 dollars, its deal.答案：witha(3)句型转换i dont know how they will deal with the problem.i dont know they will do with the problem.答案：whatdo with sth. 处理/对付某事have something/nothing to do with 与有关/无关deal in sth.做生意；经营；买卖；对某事感兴趣make a deal 达成协议；做成交易its a deal! 成交/一言为定！a good deal 合算的买卖名师点津deal with

22、常与疑问词how连用，而do with常与疑问词what连用，二者均表示“如何/怎么处理/对付”。as time went by, i was made smaller. (p18)(1)单句写作入乡随俗。when in rome, do .她虽然长得这么高，却仍够不着那些橙子。tall ， she couldnt reach the oranges.你可以看出，由于作业繁多，将近10%的学生缺乏睡眠。 ， nearly 10% of students lack sleep because there is much homework to do.答案：as the romans doas s

23、he wasas you can see(2)一句多译随着时间的推移，我逐渐适应了学校生活。 ， i gradually adapted myself to the school life. (as) ， i gradually adapted myself to the school life. (with)答案：as time went bywith time going by(1)as引导时间状语从句，译为“随着”，也可以表达“一边，一边”的意思。(2)as还可以引导原因状语从句、让步状语从句、方式状语从句、比较状语从句及定语从句。(3)as也可作介词，意为“作为”，经常构成短语，如wo

24、rk as, serve as, describe . as . 等。名师点津as作为连词，意为“随着”，引导时间状语从句；with作为介词，意为“随着”，后跟v.ing形式作宾补，构成with的复合结构，作时间状语。over time my memory has developed so much that, like an elephant, i never forget anything i have been told! (p18)(1)单句语法填空at that time i loved basketball much that i played all day long.dalia

25、n is an attractive place that lots of tourists visit the city every year.it is lovely weather that we all want to go out for a walk.the washing machine (repair) for two hours. i dont know how long i will continue to wait.this book (translate) into many languages up to now.答案：sosuchsuchhas been repai

26、redhas been translated(2)单句写作句式升级我们做得那么好以至于被邀请与全校同学分享观点和经验。a普通表达：we did we were invited to share our idea and experience with all the students of our school.b高级表达： we were invited to share our idea and experience with all the students of our school.(倒装句)答案：a.so well thatbso well did we do thatso/suc

27、h . that 引导结果状语从句，意为“如此以至于”。(1)so . that . 句型的常见形式：(2)such . that . 句型的基本结构：(3)当so ./such . 放在句首时，主句要用部分倒装。现在完成时的被动语态(1)现在完成时的被动语态的句式结构肯定式主语have/has been done . 否定式主语have/has not been done . 一般疑问式have/has主语been done .？特殊疑问式疑问词have/has主语been done .？(2)现在完成时的被动语态的用法表示被动的动作在说话之前已经完成，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或产生的

28、结果，通常与already, yet, never, recently等副词及时间状语so far, by now, up till now, since, before等连用。表示一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去，持续到现在，并有可能持续下去，常与for或since引导的时间状语连用，或用于“how long .？”句型中。课文语法填空分钟the history of computers began in 1642 in france. they were first built only as 1 (calculate) machines, and it took nearly two hu

29、ndred years 2 it was built as an analytical machine that could “think” 3 (logic) and produce an answer quicker than any person. still later, 4 “universal machine” was built to solve mathematical problems, 5 made computers huge! as the years 6 (go) by, computers were made smaller, quicker 7 cleverer.

30、 later, computers were connected by a network and brought into common peoples homes to deal 8 information and help communication between people around the world. since 9 (they) birth, computers have always 10 (design) to serve the human race. now many people think its impossible to live without comp

31、uters!1 2. 3. 4. 5. 6 7. 8. 9. 10. 答案：1.calculating2.before3.logically4.the5.which6.went7.and8.with9.their10.been designedthe history of . 意为“的历史”。. was built to solve mathematical problems中的不定式作目的状语。information为纯不可数名词，即任何情况下都没有复数形式。before “之后才”，引导时间状语从句。it isadj.to do sth.结构，意为“做某事是的”。随堂检测分钟.单句语法填空

32、1if you are not (total) satisfied, return it at our expense.答案：totally2i saw a person (signal) for help by the shore.答案：signaling/signalling3with many problems (arise), he didnt know what to do next.答案：arising4 (person) speaking, i am satisfied with all the work you have done.答案：personally5money doe

33、s not always bring (happy), but without it people often cant live well.答案：happiness6this question is too difficult for the children. i think wed better find a way to (simple) it.答案：simplify7after graduating from the college, he made an (apply) to the school for a job as a teacher.答案：application8alth

34、ough more advanced equipment can provide you more choices, it cannot take the place of practice and experience.答案：with9the students are looking forward to having an opportunity (explore) society for reallife experience.答案：to explore10with global warming becoming more and more serious, it wont be lon

35、g some coastal cities disappear.答案：before.教材微写作a根据提示完成句子1近来，高智商的机器人出现了。(intelligent; arise) 答案：highly intelligent robots have arisen recently.2有些可以打字和发信号。(type; signal) 答案：some can type and signal.3有些能处理一些重要事情。(deal with) 答案：some can deal with some important things.4在某种程度上，电脑改变了我们的生活。(in a way) 答案：i

36、n a way, computers have changed our life.5许多学生对电脑如此着迷以至于在电脑上花费了太多的时间。(so . that .) 答案：many students become so crazy about computers that they spend too much time on them.6结果，一些学生在考试中失败。(as a result) 答案：as a result, some of the students fail in the exam.7不管怎么说，电脑在我们的日常生活中起很重要的作用。(anyhow) 答案：anyhow, computers play an important part in our daily life.b将以上句子连