Lecture5 Relative Clauses课件

1、Relative Clauses （1）关系从句 (Relative Clauses) 就是定语从句 (Attributive Clauses) This is the man who did the work.AntecedentRelative PronounKennedy was rushed to a hospital where he died immediately.In 1906, however, Tom, who was crossing a road, was run over and killed. Dr. Black, who was very tired on his

2、 arrival, set to work at once. We know that a cat, whose eyes can take in many more rays of light than our eyes, can see clearly at night. He would be a shortsighted commander who merely manned his fortress and did not look beyond. Contentsu关系代词u关系副词u非限制性关系分句之接续性关系分句接续性关系分句u非限制性关系分句之句子关系分句句子关系分句The

3、relative pronoun VS. Have you got anything that belongs to me? Borrow any book that interests you. This is the most detailed map that has ever been published. The first thing that came into my sight was a small hut half hidden among the trees. Its a book that will be very popular.The relative determ

4、iner VS. whose windows The house are broken is unoccupied. the windows of which He does a good deal of public work, whose nature he didnt specify. the nature of which he didnt specify.Art is the fruit of the crafts, whose germinating factor handiwork is. the germinating factor of which handiwork is.

5、uI can lend you five books, none of which are very good.The relative pronoun VS. He is the sort of man (who/that) will do anything to help people in trouble. The person (who/that) called yesterday wants to buy the house. Many (who/that) know him like him.The relative determiner VS. whose wifeTom, te

6、aches singing, is himself a teacher of the piano. the wife of whomThe eighty-nine passengers, four of whom were British, all escaped without serious injury. whose criticismBob is a naughty boy his mother often makes. the criticism of whom The relative adverb Ive reached the point where Im about to r

7、etire.The reason why/that we gave up the plan was Nonrestrictive Relative Clauses continuative relative clauses This is George, whose class you will be taking. We have arrived at the hotel, which we find very comfortable. That evening we went to the cinema, where we met a group of friends. You had b

8、etter call again at 12 oclock, when my father will be at home. Nonrestrictive Relative Clauses sentential relative clausesThe meeting was put off, which was exactly what he wanted.Sentential antecedentSentential relative clauseSentential relative pronoun Nonrestrictive Relative Clauses sentential re

9、lative clausesIt was raining hard, which kept us indoors.He married her, which he had hoped.He admired Mr. Brown, which fact I found strange.Robin hood replied that he had some two or three head of cattle, after which the sheriff said thatProfits has to be increased, to achieve which object becameTh

10、ere was a sudden increase in the readership of Sunday papers, after noticing which several editors Nonrestrictive Relative Clauses sentential relative clausesas 和和which作句子关系代词作句子关系代词She comes from London, which/as we perceived by her accent. He was late for school, which/as was/seemed usual with him

11、 She has married again, which/as (was) expected. She has married again, which/*as was unexpected/disgraceful.Relative Clauses （2） Endocentric ExocentricCoordinateconstructionSubordinate constructionFinite vs. Non-finite clausesContents the sameas引导限制性关系从句引导限制性关系从句 as作关系代词作关系代词与非人称先行词的意义具有一致性（identit

12、y）时Is this the same mosquito as/that bit you just now?She wore the same dress as/that she wore at Marys wedding.She is of the same height as/*that she was ten years ago.与非人称先行词的意义具有相似性（resemblance）时This is the same sum as/*that was spent on books last year.She has the same blue eyes as/*that her mot

13、her had.My briefcase is exactly the same as/*that yours is. the sameas引导限制性关系从句引导限制性关系从句 as作关系代词作关系代词如果先行词是人称名词时He is the same man who/that came to see me yesterday.Are these the same people whom/that we saw in the park?She is just the same person as she used to be. the sameas引导限制性关系从句引导限制性关系从句 as作关

14、系副词作关系副词A compromise was reached on the same day as/that the charterwas granted.John works in the same factory as/that Mary does.We came back in the same way (as)/that we had gone.at the same timein the same placesuchas引导限制性关系从句，引导限制性关系从句，as可作关系代词可作关系代词We were interested in such opinions as could be

15、 elicited by shortquestions.Such money as he earned was spent on tobacco.Metals are such things as iron, silver and gold (are).He was not such a coward as we took him for.The metal must be able to withstand very high temperatures such as are encountered in the pressure compressor.I havent seen many

16、specimens but I will send you such as I have. Relative Clauses of Double RestrictionThey murdered all they met whom they supposed to be gentlemen.Are there any jobs that men can do that women cant do?We salute you for what you gave them that made them great.第一个关系从句，同时也是第二个第一个关系从句，同时也是第二个关系从句的先行词关系从句

17、的先行词第二个关系从句第二个关系从句Push-down Relative ClausesHe is one of the men whom I feel I can trust.Do you know anyone (who) you think can lend me a hand?I asked for something that I knew they could not provide.I asked for something (that) I knew could not be provided.What引导的名词性关系从句引导的名词性关系从句What you need is a

18、 good sleep.They did not like what he wrote.Thats exactly what I hope.What引导的名词性关系从句引导的名词性关系从句She always says whatever come to her mind.Whichever you want is yours.Whoever wants to come is welcome.She can marry whomever she likes.Whichever of you comes first will receive a prize. What引导的名词性关系从句引导的名词

19、性关系从句I often think about when I was young.I cant see him from where I am. 介词在关系从句中的位置介词在关系从句中的位置 介词取决于关系从句中的词语介词取决于关系从句中的动词，未与动词形成介词动词Boston is the city to which I flew/which I flew to介词取决于关系从句中的动词，与动词形成介词动词I didnt buy the book which I came across/*across which I came.介词与关系分句中的动词有关，只能位于关系代词前He fough

20、t ten campaigns, in the course of which he never lost a battle. 介词在关系从句中的位置介词在关系从句中的位置 介词取决于关系从句中的词语介词取决于关系从句中的名词，这些名词可做主语、宾语或主补To the left is a door to which the key has been lost/*which the keyto has been lost.There are no problems in the production of such a domestic robot to which we do not have a solution./whicha solution to.He was going to show them a flask of which he was soon to be theowner/whichthe owner of.介词在关系从句中的位置介词在关系从句中的位置 介词取决于主要分句的名词或其