上海市杨浦区2020_2021学年高三英语上学期期中统考试题含解析

1、上海市杨浦区2020-2021学年高三英语上学期期中统考试题（含解析）考生注意：1. 考试时间120分钟，试卷满分140分。2.本次考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。3. 务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上。i.listening comprehensionsection adirections: in section a, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. at the end of each conversa

2、tion, a question will be asked about what was said. the conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. after you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. a. at the

3、 construction site. b. in the playground.c. in the office. d. at the central station.2. a. leave the office immediately.b. prepare the office for the typhoon.c. protect the furniture from the typhoon.d. shut down all the electric appliances.3. a. she wont be fooled by the low prices.b. she likes the

4、 european brands most.c. the items are too expensive for her.d.the top brands are unbelievably cheap.4. a. he asked everyone to look for his phone.b. he forgot to put his phone in the backpack.c. he had a serious mental breakdown:d. he thought he had lost his phone.5. a.worried. b.confident. c. conf

5、used d.reluctant.6. a.at 7:30. b.at 8:30. c. at 8:00. d.at 7:00.7. a. windy. b. snowy. c.rainy. d.foggy.8. a. jenny needs time to get ready for the job.b. jenny doesnt like her new assignment.c. the appointment surprises jenny greatly.d. the appointment requires being on guard.9. a. eric is taking a

6、 two-day leave from work.b. erics company allows a flexible working mode.c. eric has gone to new york for holiday.d. erics company has an overseas office in new york.10. a. he is crazy about pop culture.b. he used to support the band.c. he never stopped loving the band.d. he wrote anti-climate chang

7、e songs.section bdirections: in section b, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. the passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. when you he

8、ar a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. a. pretending to be a batman helps you get through tough times.b. pretending to be someone else hel

9、ps you forget your trouble.c. imagining yourself to be a strong figure makes you feel powerful.d. believing in your own strength gives you batmans power.12. a. it requires specialized training.b. it is most useful in exams.c. it mainly applies to children.d. it works better with real life figures.13

10、. a. a tip on how to overcome anxiety.b. a suggestion on how to deal with strangers.c. an outline of psychological applications.d. a discussion about a social phenomenon.questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. a. 55 b. 3,000 c. 33,000 d. 23015. a. he has kept a record of the m

11、ovements of blue whales since 1966.b. he introduced the ban on the hunting of blue whales in 1966.c. he thought the population growth of blue whales was real and significant.d. he thought the high number of blue whales was a one-time occurrence.16. a. the reason for blue whales extinction.b. the pro

12、blems facing blue whales existence.c. the historic survey of endangered species.d.the surprise comeback of blue whales.questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. a. the it department had lately received a report.b. miras computer was found to have been infected with a virus.

13、c. some unusual online activity was traced to miras computer.d.the it department was inspecting the computer office by office.18. a. she updated the operating system.b. she stored some important files.c. she deleted some downloaded stuff.d. she fixed the external storage device.19. a. colleagues. b.

14、 boss and employee.c. friends. d. technician and client.20. a. it usually attacks junk e-mails and pop-up ads.b. it can be detected by the new anti-virus software.c. it is difficult and takes much time to remove.d. it slows down the recording of online activity.【答案】1-5 cbddb 6-10 dacbb 11-13 cca 14-

15、16 bcd 17-20 cbabii. grammar and vocabularysection a directions: after reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. for the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word

16、 that best fits each blank. foreign accent syndrome(综合症)31-year-old emilys life changed greatly in january, when a mysterious condition left her unable to speak for two months. she (21)_ (complain) about headaches for two weeks before one day her colleagues then noticed that her speech had become sl

17、ow and unclear, both indicators of a stroke. (22)_ _ _ she was rushed to the hospital, emily had lost her ability to speak completely. after running some tests, doctors ruled out the stroke, instead (23)_ (blame) her voice loss on some sort of brain injury. after spending three weeks in the hospital

18、, emily was still unable to speak and relied solely on basic sign language she had picked up at work and a text-to-speech app on her phone (24)_(communicate). encouraged by her doctor, emily went on a vacation in thailand. a few days into the vacation, she started to speak again.how (25)_ (shock) it

19、 was when emily originally noticed her eastern european accents, but even more so when she noticed that sometimes her accent would change out of the blue, to polish, italian and even french. although she doesnt know the reason (26)_ may help explain her condition, she has noticed that it has somethi

20、ng to do with how tired she is. in march of 2020, she was officially diagnosed with (27)_ was commonly called foreign accent syndrome.“i was so excited when my voice started coming back but now i dont even recognize the voice that comes out of my mouth, it doesnt sound (28)_ me,” emily told the repo

21、rters.now her voice is back, but unfortunately she has to deal with discrimination(歧视) from people who think she is an immigrant, and has taken time off work because stress (29)_ only make her condition worse.emilys case sounds shockingly similar to (30)_ of michelle myers, an arizona woman who neve

22、r traveled outside of the united states, but woke up to speaking in multiple accents-british, irish and australian- after experiencing severe headaches. she too was diagnosed with foreign accent syndrome.【答案】21. had complained / had been complaining 22. by the time 23. blaming 24.to communicate 25.

23、shocking 26. which/that 27. what 28. like 29. can 30. that【解析】21. 考查动词。此句含有before的时间状从，故考虑主句动作发生在过去的过去。故填had complained / had been complaining22. 考查连词。从句为一般过去时，主句为过去完成时，可知动作发生有先后，可联想到by the time，此空较难，该三空连词较少出现23. 考查动词。此处非谓语表伴随，instead为副词，对句子无影响，故填blaming24. 考查动词。主句已有谓动，故考虑非谓语。因为此处表目的，故填to communicat

24、e25. 考查动词。此处为非谓语的现在分词做表语，故填shocking26. 考查连词。此处为定从修饰先行词reason，故填which/that均可27. 考查连词。此处为介词宾语从句缺少主语，故填what28. 考查介词。根据句意可知“声音听起来不像我”故填like29. 考查情态动词。由stress作主语但谓语make为原形可知此处填情态动词。再根据句意压力会使她的情况更加恶化。故填can30. 考查代词。指代前面的case，故填thatsection bdirections: complete the following passage by using the words in th

25、e box. each word can only be used once. note that there is one word more than you need.a. lowered b. administering c. supports d. scientifically e. diagnosedf. originally g. access h. gaps i. expanding j. ranging k. ballooncan food replace medicine?if food is indeed medicine, then its time to treat

26、it that way. in his upcoming book, eat to beat diseases, dr william li, a heart expert, pulls together years of stored data and processes specific doses（剂量） of food that can treat diseases (31) from a mild cold to cancer. not all doctors agree that the science supports (32) food like drugs, but he i

27、s hoping the idea will motivate more researchers to study food in ways as (33) strict as possible and generate stronger data in coming years. we are far away from prescribing（开处方） diets to fight diseases, he says. and we may never get there. but we are looking to fill in the (34) that have long exis

28、ted in this field with real science. this is the beginning of a better tomorrow. and talking about food in terms of doses might push more doctors to focus on patients grocery lists instead. so far, several hundred people who rely on the fresh food program have had their risk of serious diabetes（糖尿病）

29、 complications (35) by 40% and hospitalizations cut by 70% compared with other diabetic people in the area who lack (36) to the program. this year, on the basis of its success so far, the fresh food program is doubling the number of patients it (37) .shicowich knows firsthand how important that will

30、 be for people like him. when he was first (38) , he lost weight and controlled his blood sugar, but he found those changes hard to maintain and soon saw his weight (39) and his blood-sugar levels skyrocket. he has become one of the programs better-known success stories, and now works part time in t

31、he produce section of a supermarket and cooks nearly all his meals. hes (40) his cooking skills to include fish, which he had never tried preparing before. i know what healthy food looks like, and i know what to do with it now, he says. without this program and without the support system, i will pro

32、bably still be sitting on a couch with a box of biscuits.【答案】31-40 jbdha gceki【解析】41.考查现在分词。由语法可知这里需要填写一个现在分词，而且句意为这种食物能够治疗的范围是从普通感冒到癌症，range的用法是sth ranges from a to b范围从a到b，符合文意，故选j。42.考查形容词。根据语法可知，这里需要一个形容词来修饰food like drugs，administering food，固定搭配，可理解为可服用的食物，而且后面说的是药物，可服用，故选b。43.考查副词。这里选择一个副词来修饰s

33、trict这个形容词，意思是研究人员需要用尽可能严格的方式去研究食物，scientifically strict科学方面严格的，符合文意，故选d。44.考查名词。根据语法可知，这里需要填写一个名词，fill in the gaps填满缝隙，固定搭配，意为我们正在找办法填补长期以来存在的空缺，故选h。45.考查谓语动词。这里需要一个谓语动词，根据句意可知，患糖尿病的风险降低了40%，所以用lowered，选a。46.考查名词。这里需要名词，have/lack access to有/没有途径，根据文意可知，这个地区的糖尿病患者没有途径去接近这个项目，故选g。47.考查谓语动词。这里需要一个谓语动词

34、，根据句意可知，fresh food program使得它资助的病人数量翻倍了，support资助，符合文意，故选c。48.考查动词。这里需要一个动词-ed形式，根据文意可知，当他第一次被诊断的时候，他体重下去了，diagnose诊断，故选e。49.考查名词。weight balloon，固定搭配，可理解为因长胖身体像球一样，比较形象的表达，故选k。50.考查名词。由语法可知这里一个动词-ing形式，expand拓展，意为他正在拓宽自己的做饭技能，包括做鱼，这是他以前从来没有做过的，故选i。iii.reading comprehensionsection adirections: for ea

35、ch blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked a,b,c and d. fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.trackers on icejust because a scientist puts a gps tracking collar on a wild polar bear does not mean the animal will willingly keep it on. (41)

36、 _, these huge collars are purposefully loose so that if one becomes annoying, a bear can (42)_it. but scientists have now found a way to use signals from the discarded(丢弃的）devices.“these dropped collars(43)_would have been considered garbage data,” says natasha klappstein, a polar bear researcher a

37、t the university of alberta. she and her colleagues instead used(44)_from such collars, left on sea ice in canadas hudson bay, to track the ice itself. for their study, published in june in the cryosphere, the researchers (45)_twenty collars that sent movement data consistent（与一致的）with ice drift rat

38、her than polar bear (46)_between 2005 and 2015. the resulting records of how melting ice typically drifts in hudson bay are unique; there are no easily (47)_on-the-ground sensors, and satellite observations often cannot (48)_capture the motion of small ice sheets.the team compared the discarded coll

39、ars movements with widely used ice-drift modeling data from the u.s. national snow and ice data center (nsidc). collar data indicated that the nsidc model underestimates the speed at which ice moves around in hudson bay-as well as the overall (49)_of drift. over the course of several months the mode

40、l could drift away from an ice sheets location by a few hundred kilometers, the researchers say.this means the bears may be working harder, when moving against the direction of the ice, than scientists had (50) _:“since were underestimating the speed of drift, were likely underestimating the energet

41、ic effort of polar bears, says natasha klappstein. the research reveals(51)_insight (洞悉) into how highly mobile ice moves. as melting increases in coming years, such ice will likely become more (52)_farther north, in the central arctic. scientists had known nsidc data could underestimate drift speed

42、s, but “any time we can find a data (53)_,it is a good thing.”plus,such data could improve predictions about how oil spills or other pollutants may spread in seas (54)_ with drifting ice, says walt meier, a senior nsidc research scientist,who was not involved in the study. the findings may even (55)

43、_future nsidc models:“its a really nice data set,” meier says.and certainly one well take consideration.41. a.in factb. in a way c.in addition d.in the end42.a.destroyb.removec.resistd.reject43. a.particularlyb.relevantlyc.intentionallyd.potentially44. a.estimatesb.subjectsc.measurementsd.patents45.

44、 a.displayedb.identifiedc.justifiedd.preserved46.a.behaviorb.habitatc.mannerd.motion47.a.flexibleb.favorablec.accessibled.changeable48.a.internallyb.accuratelyc.securelyd.independently49.a.extentb. damagec.trendd.limit50. a.agreedb.promisedc.provedd.assumed51. a.immediateb. superiorc.entired.timely5

45、2.a.evidentb.uniquec.common d.realistic53.a.gapb.scanc.boomd.fit54.a.replacedb.litteredc.packedd.matched55.a.reverseb.resemblec.influenced.motivate【答案】41-45abdcb 46-50 dcbad 51-55 dcabc【解析】41. 考查连词。根据上下文，in fact：实际上，表示轻微转折。仅仅因为科学家将gps跟踪项圈放在野生北极熊身上并不意味着北极熊会愿意继续使用它。“实际上”，这些巨大的项圈是很松的，如果它变得很烦人，北极熊可以摘下它。

46、b. in a way 在某种程度上 c.in addition此外，另外 d.in the end最后。42. 考查动词。根据文意，这些巨大的项圈是很松的，如果它变得很烦人，北极熊可以摘下它。a.destroy摧毁b.remove移掉，脱下，摘下c.resist抵抗，抵制d.reject拒绝43. 考查副词。a.particularly尤其b.relevantly相关地c.intentionally有意地d.potentially有可能地。这些被抛弃的项圈本来很有可能被当作是垃圾数据。44. 考查名词。a.estimates估计 b.subjects主题 c.measurements测量 d

47、.patents专利。相反，她和她的同事利用遗留在加拿大哈德逊湾的冰块上留下的项圈上的测量数据来追踪冰块本身。45. 考查动词。a.displayed展示 b.identified识别，辨认 c.justified证明合法 d.preserved保护。此处为出于研究目的科学家去xxx二十个项圈，从四个选项来看只有鉴定识别最符合搭配习惯，a侧重于陈列展示，此处语义不通。46. 考查名词。词汇复现。第48空所在的句子：satellite observations often cannot accurately capture the “motion” of small ice sheets 出现了

48、motion。47. 考查形容词。句意为，没有那么容易得到的地面传感器。48. 考查副词。根据句意，卫星观测通常不能精确捕获小冰块的运动。49. 考查名词。the overall extent of drift，译为，总体的漂移范围。50. 考查动词。a.agreed同意 b.promised保证 c.proved证明 d.assumed假设。根据后文的underestimating可知为d。51. 考查形容词。a.immediate立刻的b. superior更好的，上级的 c.entire 整体的d.timely及时的，此题难度较大，容易在误选a；从文章后面对于近年冰盖变化的描述来看，此处

49、是表达科学家对于冰盖漂移发现的“及时性”，故选d。52. 考查形容词。根据句意，由于冰川融化在未来几年会增加，这样的冰块在更往北边的地方可能会变得更常见。a.evident清晰可见的b.unique独一无二的c.common 普通的，常见的 d.realistic现实的。53. 考查名词。数据缺口：data gap。54. 考查非谓语。littered散放的，littered with drifting ice 修饰ocean。冰浮在水面上，不能用packed。55. 考查动词。根据句意，这样的发现也许会影响未来的nsidc模型。a.reverse逆转b.resemble类似，像 c.infl

50、uence影响d.motivate激励。上文有提到模型和实际的差距，因此这项研究只能“影响”到新的模型（做出调整和改进）。section bdirections: read the following three passages. each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. for each of them there are four choices marked a, b, c and d. choose the one that fits best according to the in

51、formation given in the passage you have just read（a）the term bird brain isfrequentlyused to describe a persons lack ofintelligenceand good decision-making ability. however, some scientists believe it should be considered acompliment, given that many birds can perform tasks that were once considered

52、solely by humans. these include manufacturing and using tools, solving problems, and planning for future needs. now, griffin, an african grey parrot, has proved that birds may evenpossessbettervisualmemories than human adults and children.the study, led by harvard professor hrag pailian , had the pa

53、rrot compete in the shell game against twenty-one undergraduate students and twenty-one 6-to 8-year-old children. the popular challenge involves hiding a small object under one of three, or more, inverted cups or nutshells, which are moved around. participants are required toaccuratelyidentify the c

54、up under which the object lies.the harvard team began by placing different-colored balls under four cups and moving them around. to make the task more challenging, the researchers required participants to track two, three, and four ballsat the same time. the cup positions were moved between zero to

55、four times for each of thecombinations.ananalysisof the results showed that griffin outperformed the 6-to 8-year-olds across all levels on average. even moreimpressive, the bird brain performed as well as, or slightly better than, the 21 harvard students on 12 of the 14 trials! it was only in the fi

56、nal two tests, which had the most balls and most movement, that the parrot fell behind the adults. however, griffins performance never fell below that of the children. the fun experiment was conducted to test the brains ability torecallmemories of things that are no longer in view and then update them when faced with new information, like a change in location. thevisual working memory, is one of the foundations for intelligent behavior.griffin was th