美国黑人作家ToniMorrison

1、 by me.american feminist writer美国女权主义作家toni morrison托妮莫里森 （1931 ） grandfather was born a slave howard university in 1949 novelist; editor; professorborn in lorain, ohio俄亥俄州 .works and awards morrisons works in her work toni morrison has explored the experience and roles of black women in a racist（种族

2、主义） and male dominated society （男权社会）. novels 1970 1970 the bluest eye the bluest eye 最蓝的眼睛最蓝的眼睛 19731973 sula sula 秀拉秀拉 1977 1977 song of solomon song of solomon 所罗门之歌所罗门之歌 1981 1981 tar baby tar baby 黑婴黑婴 1988 1988 belovedbeloved 宠儿宠儿 1992 1992 jazz jazz 爵士乐爵士乐 1999 1999 paradiseparadise天堂、乐园天堂、乐园

3、 1993 1993 love love 爱爱 2008 2008 a mercya mercy恩惠恩惠 the central theme of her novelsu is the black american experience;u in an unjust society ,her characters struggle to find themselves and their cultural identity. awards 1988 pulitzer prize for fiction for beloved 1989 mla commonwealth award in lit

4、erature 1993 nobel prize for literature 1993 commander of the arts and letters, paris 1994 condorcet medal, paris 1994 pearl buck award awards 1994 rhegium julii prize for literature 1996 jefferson lecture 1996 national book foundations medal of distinguished contribution to american letters 2000 na

5、tional humanities medal uua:frederic g. melcher book award morrison won several literary awards, including the 1988 pulitzer prize for fiction（普利策小说奖）. she received the 1993 nobel prize in literature, making her the first african-american woman to be selected for the award. awardsthe bluest eyesula

6、song of solomontar babybeloved morrisons best novel and won her the pulitzer prize for fiction（ 普利策小说奖）.the novel of beloved 用杀死自己亲生婴儿用杀死自己亲生婴儿 来拯救孩子的来拯救孩子的“疯狂疯狂” 的黑人母亲的黑人母亲 变成鬼魂不断侵扰变成鬼魂不断侵扰 亲人的黑人婴儿亲人的黑人婴儿 致人疯狂的美国致人疯狂的美国 种族主义的梦魇种族主义的梦魇the beloved (宠儿) 女黑奴女黑奴塞丝塞丝怀着身孕只身从肯塔基的奴隶怀着身孕只身从肯塔基的奴隶庄园逃到俄亥俄的辛辛那提

7、，奴隶主追踪庄园逃到俄亥俄的辛辛那提，奴隶主追踪而至。而至。为了不使儿女重复自己做奴隶的悲惨命运为了不使儿女重复自己做奴隶的悲惨命运，她毅然杀死了自己刚刚会爬的幼女，她毅然杀死了自己刚刚会爬的幼女宠儿宠儿。十八年后，奴隶制早已废除，而被她杀死十八年后，奴隶制早已废除，而被她杀死的女婴还魂归来，和的女婴还魂归来，和塞丝塞丝、塞丝的女儿、塞丝的女儿丹丹芙芙以及塞丝的以及塞丝的情人保罗情人保罗生活在同一幢房子生活在同一幢房子里。里。她以自己的出现日夜惩罚母亲当年的行为她以自己的出现日夜惩罚母亲当年的行为，不但加陪地向母亲索取着爱，甚至纠缠，不但加陪地向母亲索取着爱，甚至纠缠和引诱保罗，不择手段地扰乱

8、和摧毁母亲和引诱保罗，不择手段地扰乱和摧毁母亲刚刚回暖的生活。刚刚回暖的生活。往事的梦魇一刻也不曾停止过对塞丝的纠往事的梦魇一刻也不曾停止过对塞丝的纠缠缠 sethe(塞丝塞丝)beloved(宠儿宠儿) paul (保罗保罗)denver(丹芙丹芙)l“宠儿宠儿”是是sethesethe不堪回首的过去不堪回首的过去。l“宠儿宠儿”代表了黑人现实中仍就在遭受的代表了黑人现实中仍就在遭受的不平等的苦难，是过去苦难的延伸不平等的苦难，是过去苦难的延伸l“宠儿宠儿”是每个人的宠儿，是每个黑人心是每个人的宠儿，是每个黑人心目中那段目中那段惨痛的历史记忆惨痛的历史记忆。the theme of belovedu唤醒人们记忆、迫使人们重回历史场景。唤醒人们记忆、迫使人们重回历史场景。 虽是对历史的重现，但目的却是治愈历史虽是对历史的重现，但目的却是治愈历史创伤，从历史记忆中走出，面