现在分词用法

1、The ing form 用法讲练用法讲练 宝鸡石油中学宝鸡石油中学 雷扬雷扬objectiveTo learn to use the verbs ing form correctly【2011全国卷全国卷II,18】Sarah pretended to be cheerful, _ nothing about the argument. A. says B. said C. to say D. saying【解析解析】句意为句意为“Sarah假装开心，对那假装开心，对那次争论什么也没说。次争论什么也没说。”A和和B项是谓语动项是谓语动词形式，句中没有连词，故排除；词形式，句中没有连词，故排除

2、；C项是项是作目的状语，而句中是伴随状态，故选作目的状语，而句中是伴随状态，故选D。【2011四川卷四川卷,2】Linda doesnt feel like _ abroad. Her parents are old.A . s t u d y B . s t u d y i n g C. studied D.to study【解析解析】句意为句意为“Linda不愿意去国外留学，不愿意去国外留学，因为她的父母年纪大了。因为她的父母年纪大了。”feel like doing sth.想要做某事，习惯表达法。因此选想要做某事，习惯表达法。因此选B。1.v-ing分词名词性功能；分词名词性功能；2.

3、v-ing分词形容词性功能；分词形容词性功能；3.v-ing分词副词性功能；分词副词性功能；4.过去分词与现在分词一般式的区别；过去分词与现在分词一般式的区别；5.过去分词与现在分词主动完成式的区别；过去分词与现在分词主动完成式的区别；6.过去分词与现在分词一般被动式的区别过去分词与现在分词一般被动式的区别 非谓语动词非谓语动词 The ing form考查要点考查要点非谓语动词动名词动名词分词分词现在分词现在分词过去分词过去分词动词不定式动词不定式1.谓语动词：谓语动词：概述：概述：2. 非谓语动词：非谓语动词：在句子中担任谓语的动词在句子中担任谓语的动词 是动词的特殊形式，在句是动词的特殊

4、形式，在句中可以作除谓语外的所有成中可以作除谓语外的所有成分分动名词（动名词（gerund）I hope you dont mind my saying it.Have you finished reading the book?Looking after the patients is a nurses job.When my father heard the news, he couldnt help laughing.Marys coming late made her teacher angryFind out the gerund from the sentences.一一. 动名词

5、的基本构成动名词的基本构成主动语态主动语态被动语态被动语态一般式一般式doingbeing done完成式完成式having donehaving been done动名词既具有动词的特点又具有名词的动名词既具有动词的特点又具有名词的特点，具体表现为：特点，具体表现为：1.动名词可以被定冠词和物主代词修饰动名词可以被定冠词和物主代词修饰I hope you dont mind my saying it.2. 动名词可带有自己的宾语和状语动名词可带有自己的宾语和状语Are you for or against having the meeting.I insisted on leaving at

6、 once.二二. 动名词的性质动名词的性质三三.动名词的功用动名词的功用1.可作主语可作主语Seeing is believingReading newspapers can increase our knowledge. no use no good no fun Its + a shame + doing a waste of time/money useless dangerous There is no + doing.It is no use (cry).It is no good (object).(Look) after the patients is a nurses job

7、.Its dangerous (play) with fire.Its a waste of time (copy) others homework.There is no (joke) about the matter.2.可作宾语可作宾语 S. + vt.+ doingHave you finished reading the book?I suggest doing it in a different way.在某些动词后要求用动名词作宾语，不在某些动词后要求用动名词作宾语，不能用不定式，常见的这类动词有：能用不定式，常见的这类动词有：避免错过避免错过 (少少) 延期延期 avoid m

8、iss delay/postpone建议完成建议完成 (多多) 练习练习 suggest / advise finish practise喜欢想象喜欢想象 禁不住禁不住 enjoy/appreciate/ imagine/ resist/cant help承认承认 否定否定 (与与) 嫉妒嫉妒 admit deny envy逃脱逃脱 冒险冒险 (莫莫) 原谅原谅 escape / envy /risk /pardon / excuse忍受忍受 保持保持 (不不) 在意在意 stand keep / keep on mind People are not allowed to fish here

9、. 人们不准在这儿钓鱼。人们不准在这儿钓鱼。 We dont allow people to fish here. 我们不准人们在这儿钓鱼。我们不准人们在这儿钓鱼。注：在动词注：在动词advise, allow, advise, allow, forbid(forbid(禁止禁止) )，permitpermit（允许）（允许）等后，如果没有人称宾语，后跟等后，如果没有人称宾语，后跟动名词；如果有人称宾语则后跟动名词；如果有人称宾语则后跟不定式。例如不定式。例如 prefer.to. look forward to be used to put off give up S. + keep on

10、+ doing succeed in cant help feel like be busy be worth have difficulty/trouble/problem (in)作介词作介词/短语动词的宾语短语动词的宾语:S. + v. + prep. + doinge.g.She sat there without (speak)I look forward to (see) him again.Are you used to (live) there alone?When my father heard the news, he couldnt help (laugh).I dont

11、 feel like (go) to see the film.He was busy (prepare) his lessons.主动表被动主动表被动: want (需要需要) need (需要需要) sth + require (需要需要) + doing使用动名词使用动名词作宾语时，作宾语时，用主动形式用主动形式表达被动含表达被动含义义to be done使用不定式作宾语使用不定式作宾语时，依然用被动形时，依然用被动形式表达被动含义式表达被动含义 The room wants (clean). The method needs (improve). This pair of shoes

12、require (mend). The problem needs (work out). The question is well worth (discuss)be worth (值得值得)+ doingd）动词）动词 “like, love, hate, prefer”后接动后接动名词表示名词表示“习惯性动作习惯性动作”，后接不定式，后接不定式表示表示“心理或一次具体动作心理或一次具体动作”。当用在当用在 should, would之后时，只跟不定式之后时，只跟不定式。I like swimming, but I dont like to swim this afternoon.我喜欢游

13、泳，但今天我不愿去游泳。我喜欢游泳，但今天我不愿去游泳。What would you like to eat tonight?你今晚上想吃什么？你今晚上想吃什么？动名词的复合结构动名词前可以加一个动名词前可以加一个 物主代词或物主代词或 名词所有名词所有格来表示格来表示 这个动名词逻辑上的主语这个动名词逻辑上的主语 ，构成，构成动名词的复合结构或动名词短语动名词的复合结构或动名词短语1).物主代词物主代词 / 名词所有格名词所有格 + 动名词动名词 在句中作主语在句中作主语: Marys coming late made her teacher angry. Do you mind my sm

14、oking? Do you mind my reading your paper?Their coming to help was a great encouragement to us.2).人称代词宾格人称代词宾格 / 名词名词 + 动名词动名词 在句中作宾语在句中作宾语:Im sure of him coming on time. He has never heard of a woman being a pilot. I dont mind Jack (him) going.She hates young people (them) smoking.1) The soldier wou

15、nded in the war has become a doctor.2) He is a promising young man. 3) The man, having been disturbed so badly, almost lost his memory4) We found the boy sleeping.分词：分词：ParticiplesFind out the participles.一一 分词的概述分词的概述1. 分词是分词是“非谓语动词非谓语动词”的另一种形式，的另一种形式，它有两种形式：现它有两种形式：现 在分词（在分词（Present Participle）和过去

16、分词（）和过去分词（Past Participle）。）。 2. 现在分词：现在分词：doing 过去分词：规则动词过去分词：规则动词 V+ed 不规则动词不规则动词 3.分词在句中起形容词和副词的作用。在分词在句中起形容词和副词的作用。在句中作表语、定语、状语和宾语补足语。句中作表语、定语、状语和宾语补足语。现在分词与过去分词的区别：现在分词与过去分词的区别：1.语态上：语态上：现在分词表主动，过去分词表现在分词表主动，过去分词表 被动被动Do you know the woman talking to Tom?The soldier wounded in the war has becom

17、e a doctor.2. 时态上：时态上：现在分词表进行，过去分词现在分词表进行，过去分词表完成表完成Developing country boiling waterDeveloped country boiled water二、分词的作用二、分词的作用1 作定语作定语分词作定语有两种形式。它可以放在分词作定语有两种形式。它可以放在被修饰的名词之前，称为前置定语。被修饰的名词之前，称为前置定语。有的放在被修饰的名词之后，称为后有的放在被修饰的名词之后，称为后置定语。置定语。（1）前置定语）前置定语He is a promising young man. Make less noise. Th

18、eres a sleeping child. We only sell used books. 我们只卖用过的书。我们只卖用过的书。（2）后置定语）后置定语The young man sitting between John and Mary is the editor of the campus newspaper. 现在分词作定语表示动作。如果是单词，现在分词作定语表示动作。如果是单词，放在被修饰的名词前；如果是短语，就放放在被修饰的名词前；如果是短语，就放在被修饰的名词之后。在被修饰的名词之后。（3）分词短语作定语必须置于被修饰）分词短语作定语必须置于被修饰词之后，词之后， 相当于一个定

19、语从句。相当于一个定语从句。Those who wish to join the club should sign here(Those wishing to join this club should sign here. )The man, who had been disturbed so badly, almost lost his memory.)(The man, having been disturbed so badly, almost lost his memory. 2、作表语、作表语现在分词作表语表示主语的某种性质或状态。现在分词作表语表示主语的某种性质或状态。What

20、you said is really inspiring. 你所说的真令从鼓舞。你所说的真令从鼓舞。3、作宾语补足语、作宾语补足语可以跟宾语补足语的谓语动词有可以跟宾语补足语的谓语动词有 see, watch, hear, set, keep, find, have, get 等词。等词。I saw him walking in the street. 我看见他在街上走。我看见他在街上走。 I heard them singing in the classroom.我听见他们在教室里唱歌。我听见他们在教室里唱歌。 We found the boy sleeping. 我们发现小孩睡着了。我们发

21、现小孩睡着了。现在分词与过去分词在作状语的区别现在分词与过去分词在作状语的区别四、作状语四、作状语现在分词表主动进行，过去分词表被动完成现在分词表主动进行，过去分词表被动完成1. (Seeing/seen) from the top of the tower, we can see a beautiful factory. (Seeing/seen) from the top of the tower, the factory looks beautiful.2. (Hearing/heard) the bad news, they couldnt help crying.3. (Giving

22、/Given) more time, we could do it better. followingfollowedLookingSeen 实战高考1. The next thing he saw was smoke _ from behind the house. (2011全国全国)A.rose B.rising C. to rise D.risen2. The island, to the mainland by a bridge, is easy to go to. (2011 全国全国)A. joining B. to join C. joined D. having joined

23、3. Sarah pretended to be cheerful, _ nothing about the argument. (2011全国全国) A. says B. said C. to say D. saying4. Sit down, Emma. You will only make yourself more tired, on your feet. (2011北京北京)A. to keep B. keeping C. having kept D. to have kept5. Passeagers are permitted only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane. (20