现在分词作状语演示幻灯片

1、现在分词作状语现在分词作状语选修六选修六 unit 5 grammar千万要注意千万要注意v-ingv-ing形式的规则哟！形式的规则哟！不能单独作不能单独作谓语谓语，没有没有人称和数人称和数的的变化，可以有自变化，可以有自己的己的宾语和状语宾语和状语。还有还有时态和语态时态和语态的变化的变化。分词作状语分词作状语分词作状语让步 原因 条件 结果 时间伴随方式 分词作状语功能表分词作状语功能表1.时间时间2.原因原因3.条件条件4.让步让步5.方式方式/伴随伴随时间状语从句时间状语从句原因原因 状状 语语条件条件 状状 语语让步状让步状 语语没有合适的状语没有合适的状语a.现在分词作状语学与练

2、现在分词作状语学与练 把划线部分改写成分词短语把划线部分改写成分词短语并说明其功能并说明其功能 1.1.when they saw their teacher, the students stood up. seeing their teacher, the students stood up. *现在分词动作的发出者是现在分词动作的发出者是( )句子主语句子主语*现在分词短语作现在分词短语作( )时间状语时间状语 -ing分词短语作分词短语作时间状语时间状语，代替一个，代替一个时间状语从句：时间状语从句：注意：注意：现在分词所表示的动作与主句现在分词所表示的动作与主句的动作一般是同时发生，有

3、时可由的动作一般是同时发生，有时可由连词连词when, while引出。现在分词一引出。现在分词一般位于句首。般位于句首。 如：如： when he read the book, he nodded from time to time. when she saw those pictures, she remembered her childhood. seeing those pictures, she remembered her childhood. when reading the book, he nodded from time to time. 1.after they had

4、finished their homework, they went home.having finished their homework, they went home.* *现在分词短语作现在分词短语作( ( )*having finished their homework表现的动表现的动作在作在went home( ),故用分词的故用分词的( ).( ).时间状语时间状语之前之前完成式完成式2.because he was ill, he couldnt go to school.being ill, he couldnt go to school.* *现在分词短语现在分词短语 作原

5、因状语作原因状语3.if you work harder at english, you will make greater progress.working harder at english, you will make greater progress.* *现在分词短语现在分词短语 作条件状语作条件状语4.although they felt very tired，they kept running.*feeling very tired, they kept running. 现在分词短语现在分词短语 作让步状语作让步状语5.the children came into the cl

6、assroom, and they laughed and talked.(并列句并列句)*the children came into the classroom, laughing and talking. * *现在分词短语现在分词短语 作伴随或方式状语作伴随或方式状语*laughing and talking, the children came into the classroom.*不可改成相应状语从句不可改成相应状语从句-ing分词作状语代替状语从句可以表示分词作状语代替状语从句可以表示 现在分词作状语代替状语从句现在分词作状语代替状语从句时间、原因、结果、条件、时间、原因、结果

7、、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等，让步、方式或伴随情况等，注：注：从句的主语从句的主语和和主句的主语主句的主语必须必须一致一致。即即-ing-ing分词作状语时，它的逻辑主语就分词作状语时，它的逻辑主语就是整个句子的主语，并表示是整个句子的主语，并表示主动主动的关系。的关系。 现在分词的时态和语态现在分词的时态和语态doingbeing donehaving donehaving been donedoing 作状语，表示分词的动作与谓作状语，表示分词的动作与谓语动作同时发生语动作同时发生having done 作状语，表示分词的动作先作状语，表示分词的动作先于谓语的动作发生于谓语的动作发生he

8、 came into the classroom, talking and laughing.having finished his work, he went home.把下列划线部分改写成分词短语把下列划线部分改写成分词短语, 并并说明其功能说明其功能b.过去分词作状语学与练过去分词作状语学与练1.when she was asked why she did it, she began to cry.*asked why she did it, she began to cry. *过去分词短语作时间状语过去分词短语作时间状语*从句的动词用的是被动语态从句的动词用的是被动语态*过去分词的动

9、作由主语承受过去分词的动作由主语承受2.because he was moved by her words, he decided to help the poor boy. *moved by her words, he decided to help the poor boy. *过去分词短语作原因状语过去分词短语作原因状语3.if i were given one more chance, i would like to tell the girl, “i love you.”.*given one more chance, i would like to tell the girl ,

10、 “ i love you.”.*过去分词短语作条件状语过去分词短语作条件状语4.although they had been defeated many times， they continued to fight.*having been defeated many times, they continued to fight. =although defeated many times, they continued to fight.*过去分词短语作让步状语过去分词短语作让步状语*分词作状语时，为使状语含义更为使状语含义更加明确，有时在过去分词加明确，有时在过去分词(现在分现在分词）前

11、词）前可加上适当连词可加上适当连词如：while，when，once，if，unless，as if，though*once used, the car will never be sold again. (once “一旦一旦”) =once it is used, the car will never be sold again.*when heated, water turns into steam. =when water is heated, water turns into steam.heated, water turns into steam5.the teacher stoo

12、d there and he was surrounded by many students.*the teacher stood there (,)surrounded by many students= surrounded by many students, the teacher stood there. *过去分词短语作伴随或方式状语过去分词短语作伴随或方式状语having been criticized by the teacher, he gave up smoking. _ from the top of the building, we saw the house like

13、a match box._from the top of the building, the house looks like a match box.seeingseensee分词（短语）做状语时，分词前面可以分词（短语）做状语时，分词前面可以加上加上连词连词，但是分词和句子之间不能用但是分词和句子之间不能用并列连词并列连词(如如but，and，so)，因为并列连因为并列连词接的是两个并列成分，而分词短语只词接的是两个并列成分，而分词短语只是全句的一个状语部分，是全句的一个状语部分，分词和主句之分词和主句之间可用逗号。间可用逗号。注意注意1：例如例如:误误: having been told

14、 many times, but he still couldnt understand it.正正: he was told many times, but he still couldnt understand it. 或或 having been told many times, he still couldnt understand it.对比练习对比练习1. _many times , but he still couldnt understand it .2. _many times , he still couldnt understand it .a. having been

15、told b. told c. he was told d. he been told 3. _from space , the earth looks blue .4._from space , we can see the earth is blue .a. seen b. seeing c. to see d.see ca/babbutthe earthwe 1. as he had eaten too much for supper, he couldnt go to sleep. 2.this book became well known all over the world aft

16、er it had been translated into many different languages.having eaten too much for supper, he couldnt go to sleep.having been translated into many different languages, this book became well known all over the world . not knowing his address, i could do nothing but stay at home and wait.- ing形式（短语）的否定

17、形式形式（短语）的否定形式常在其（常在其（ ）加）加not /never等。等。前面前面注意注意2：有些分词短语可以做独立成分，用来解释整个句子，有些分词短语可以做独立成分，用来解释整个句子，不受句子主语的限制。常见的分词短语有：不受句子主语的限制。常见的分词短语有：generally(frankly,honestly) speaking, supposing (假设假设), judging from(从从判断判断), talking of（谈到（谈到), speaking of（谈到）（谈到）,considering(考虑到，鉴于）等。考虑到，鉴于）等。generally speaking,

18、 girls are more careful than boys. supposing you lose, what will you do?judging from his accent, he must be from the north.talking of travel, have you ever been to beijing? 现在分词的独立成分现在分词的独立成分 task 4 现在分词的独立主格结构现在分词的独立主格结构 独立结构可以表示伴随动作或情况独立结构可以表示伴随动作或情况, , 表示时间、原因、条件等表示时间、原因、条件等 as the boy led the wa

19、y, we had no trouble finding the strange village. if weather permits, well go for an outing tomorrow. leading the way, we had no trouble finding the strange village. permitting, well go for an outing tomorrow. practice:the boythe weather as there was no further problems to discuss, we ended the meet

20、ing at last.there being no further problems to discuss, we ended the meeting at last.1 1、分词、分词 ( (短语短语) ) 作状语时作状语时, , 前后两个动作前后两个动作的主语是一致的。的主语是一致的。2 2、分词短语做状语时，前面可以加上连词、分词短语做状语时，前面可以加上连词或介词，但是分词短语和句子之间不能用并或介词，但是分词短语和句子之间不能用并列连词列连词( (如如butbut，and)and)，分词和主句之间可用分词和主句之间可用逗号。逗号。 使用使用- ing- ing形式需注意的形式需注意

21、的4 4个问题个问题. .3 3、用、用v+ingv+ing一般式一般式 还是还是having+donehaving+done完成式，完成式，要看前后两个动作有没明显的先后顺序，在要看前后两个动作有没明显的先后顺序，在可能引起误解的场合应该用完成式现在分词可能引起误解的场合应该用完成式现在分词表示先发生的动作。表示先发生的动作。4 4、分词的否定形式是在分词短语前面加上、分词的否定形式是在分词短语前面加上 not, nevernot, never等否定词构成。等否定词构成。 after he heard a strong sound, he went out of the room for a

22、 look.= hearing a strange sound, he went out of . as the girl was seriously ill, she was taken to hospital immediately.being seriously ill, the girl was taken to .be - being as she didnt know any french, she couldnt get any one to help her.not knowing any french, she couldnt get any one to help her.巩固练习：巩固练习： the secretary w