全优课堂2017版高考英语一轮复习第二部分核心语法项项破专题2代词介词和介词短语课件

1、专题二代词、介词和介词短语专题二代词、介词和介词短语 一、 both，all，either，any，neither，none代词分类都任何(一者)都不两者botheitherneither三者或三者以上allanynone 用上面表格中的适当代词填空 1. Niki is always full of ideas, but _ is useful to my knowledge.(2015四川) 2Its an eitheror situationwe can buy a new car this year or we can go on holiday but we cant do_.(20

2、13课标) 3Ive lived in New York and Chicago, but dont like _of them very much.(2013山东) 【答案】1.none2.both3.either 二、 everything, something, anything, nothing everythingsomethinganythingnothing强调“每件事，一切”强调“某件事，某物”，也可指“重要的事物”强调“无论什么，任何东西”。anything but“根本不”意为“没有东西，没有一点”。nothing but“只是，只有” 用上面表格中的适当代词填空 1A s

3、mile costs _， but gives much.(2014重庆) 2Theres never _ worth watching on TV. 3Is there _I can do for you now, sir? 【答案】1.nothing2.anything3.something 三、 替代词的用法代词替代对象onea/an单数名词，同类不同一ones零冠词复数名词，同类不同一the onethe单数名词，同类不同一the ones the复数名词，同类不同一thatthe单数名词或不可数名词(尤其是有后置定语时)thosethe复数名词(尤其是有后置定语时) 用上面表格中的适

4、当代词填空 1The quality of education in this small school is better than _ in some larger schools.(2015天津) 2Half of _surveyed in 16 countries say they go first to their closest friend to share their deepest wishes and darkest fears.(2013浙江) 3What about the tea drink? Thank you.No pleasure equals_ of a ho

5、t drink on such a cold day. 4We have various summer camps for your holidays.You can choose_ based on your own interests. 5We used to mistake that heavy objects fall faster than light_. 【答案】1.that2.those3.that4.one5.ones 四、 another, the other, other, others, the othersother不能单独使用，只能修饰名词，表示泛指意义the oth

6、erthe other可单独使用，特指两个人或物中的“另一个”；也可修饰名词表示“另外的”another可单独使用，也可修饰名词，泛指三者或三者以上的人或物中的“另一个”，代替或修饰单数可数名词。另外another后可接“基数词/few复数名词”形式，表示“另外的(多少)”others单独使用，表示泛指意义，意为“其他的人或事物”，常与some一起出现the others意为“剩下的其他人(物)” 用上面表格中的适当代词填空 1In some countries, people eat with chopsticks, while in_， knives and forks.(2014福建)

7、2Recycling is one way to protect the environment; reusing is_.(2013重庆) 3Neither side is prepared to talk to_ unless we can smooth things over between them. 【答案】1.others2.another3.the other 五、 it的用法 1指代时间、距离、自然现象等。 2指代前面所提到过的事情、事物、群体、想法，性别不明或性别被认为不重要的人或动物，也可指代未指明但谈话双方都明白的事情或情况。 3作形式主语或形式宾语代指不定式、动词ing

8、形式、名词性从句。 4表示“喜欢、恨”等心理方面的动词，后面接it，构成固定结构，这类动词有enjoy, prefer, love, like, hate, dislike, appreciate等。 5it的常用短语或句型： 6用在一些固定句型中： (1)Itis时间段since过去时“自从以来多久了” (2)It was时间段before过去时“多久之后才” (3)It will be时间段before一般现在时“多久之后才” (4)It wont be long before“不久就” (5)强调句型Itis被强调部分that 用适当的代词填空 1Bach died in 1750, b

9、ut it was not until the early 19th century _ his musical gift was fully recognized.(2015重庆) 2Whos that at the door? _ is the milkman.(2014大纲卷) 3Susan made_ clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself.(2014山东) 4Id appreciate _if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will

10、come.(2014陕西) 5Why dont you bring _to his attention that youre too ill to work on? 【答案】1.that2.It3.it4.it5.it 一、常用介词介词和介词短语介词常考用法beyond可表示“范围，限度”，意为“超出，为所不及”within可表示范围、程度，意为“在之内”for就而言；从来看；达；计；为against违背；反对；对不利；倚；靠；预防；衬托on/upon刚就；一就，后接名词或动词ing形式 用上面表格中适当的介词填空 1How much did he charge you _ the servi

11、ce? Luckily, its nothing. 2His movie won several awards at the film festival, which was _ his wildest dreams. 3My mother is _ my suggestion while my father is in favour of it. 4Dont leave the medicine _the childrens reach.Its dangerous. 5_hearing the good news, I couldnt help jumping up. 【答案】1.for2.

12、beyond3.against4.within5.On 二、 表示时间的常用介词介词用法on用在具体的某一天、星期几及某一天的上午、下午、晚上等时间名词前since常表示某动作或状态自某时开始，一直持续到说话时刻within指“在之内”，强调事情发生的全过程不超过某一段时间介词用法in后接时间段表示“在何时”或将来“一段时间之内”，与将来时态连用until后接时间名词，意为“直到为止”(在肯定句中)；“直到才”(在否定句中)介词用法易错点津in the past意为“在过去”，常与过去时态连用“in the past/last一段时间”意为“在过去的中/内”，表示从现在算起过去的一段时间，包括

13、此时此刻在内，常与现在完成时态连用有些时间名词前不加介词 用上面表格中适当的介词填空 1A big fire broke out_ the evening of May the first. 2Hes been working in a bank _ leaving school. 3Were playing in New Zealand, Australia and Japan _ November. 4The party will be held _ a weeks time. 5He didnt go to bed _his father came back from the offic

14、e. 【答案】1.on2.since3.in4.in5.until 三、with/by介词用法with表示两种事物之间的相应关系或齐头并进的意思表示“带有、带来、带走、携带”等表伴随的意思后接复合宾语可作方式状语表示原因或理由介词用法by表示人体或物体的某一部分含有“到的程度”的意思表示买卖东西计算的数量或付酬计算的时间 用上面表格中适当的介词填空 1The little pupil took his grandma _the arm and walked her across the street.(2015陕西) 2The Scottish girl _ blue eyes won the

15、 first prize in the Fifth Chinese Speech Contest.(2014陕西) 3_ the new methods, they were able to get production up _ twenty percent. 4_a lot of work to cope with, I will have no time to accompany him. 【答案】1.by2.with3.With; by4.With 四、常用介词短语 1above (the) average在一般水平以上；在平均数以上 according to根据所说；按照 as a

16、matter of fact事实上；其实 as a result因此；结果 after all毕竟； 终究 all in all总的来说； 总计 around the corner即将来临；在拐角处 at ease安心自在； 不拘束 at work在工作 at risk有危险； 冒险 2by hand用手工 by mistake错误地 by nature天生地；天然地 by chance/accident偶然 by design故意地 by contrast相比之下；与之相比 3from beginning to end从头到尾 from time to time不时地 free of cha

17、rge免费 4in brief简言之 in detail详细地；具体地 in general一般说来 in turn轮流；依次 in advance事先；提前 in vain白费；徒劳 in order整齐 in danger处于危险中 in trouble处于困境(苦恼)中 in charge of主管；掌管；照管 in favour of赞成；支持；有利于 in harmony with与协调；与一致 in honor of为向表示敬意；为庆祝；为纪念 in memory of纪念 in need/want of需要 in search of寻找；寻求 in spite of尽管；不顾；虽

18、然 in terms of在方面 in the form of以形式 in the hope of怀着的希望 in view在视野范围内；在考虑中的 in view of鉴于；考虑到；由于 in return作为回报 in all总共 in short简言之 in place在适当的位置；适当 in effect生效；起作用 in exchange for交流；交换 in response to响应；回答；对有反应 in harmony with与协调 in the direction of朝的方向 5on duty值日 on fire着火；失火 on holiday在度假；在休假 on sa

19、le出售；减价 on show/display展览；展出；陈列 on strike在罢工 on the contrary(与此)相反； 正相反 out of sight看不到 out of danger脱离危险 out of trouble摆脱困难 out of order出故障 out of control不受控制 out of breath气喘吁吁 out of condition身体不佳 out of date过时 out of ones reach某人够不着 out of work失业；没有工作 one after another相继；顺次 owing to由于 6regardless of不管；不顾 to the point中肯；扼要；切中要害 thanks to幸亏；由于 up to date现代的；时新的；据目前所知的 upon/on ones arrival一到达就 with the help of在帮助之下 用上面适当的介词短语填空 1L