糖皮质激素(中英对照)

1、肾上腺皮质激素基本结构及维持生理功能必需基团肾上腺皮质激素基本结构及维持生理功能必需基团C C1717上无上无-OH-OH，C C1111上无上无O O或有或有O O与与C C1818相联相联C C1717上有上有-OH-OH，C C1111上有上有= O= O或或-OH-OH； C C1-21-2的为双键抗的为双键抗炎作用增强、水盐代谢作用减弱炎作用增强、水盐代谢作用减弱C C9 9引入引入-F-F，C C1616引入引入-CH-CH3 3或或-OH-OH则抗炎作用更强、则抗炎作用更强、水盐代谢作用更弱水盐代谢作用更弱水电解质代谢水电解质代谢l潴钠排钾；利尿；低血钙潴钠排钾；利尿；低血钙核酸

2、代谢核酸代谢l诱导特殊诱导特殊mRNAmRNA合成合成 - - 转转录一种抑制细胞膜转运功能录一种抑制细胞膜转运功能的蛋白质的蛋白质 - - 抑制细胞对葡抑制细胞对葡萄糖、氨基酸等物质的摄取萄糖、氨基酸等物质的摄取激素与胞浆内受体结合，促其释出激素与胞浆内受体结合，促其释出hsp90hsp90、hsp70hsp70和和IPIP，受体进入细胞核与靶基因的，受体进入细胞核与靶基因的GREGRE结合，调节基因表达，最后产生生物效应结合，调节基因表达，最后产生生物效应。 Adrenocortical hormones The steroid compounds produced by the adre

3、nal contex are called adrenocorticosteroids, and they can be divided into two major groups depending on their relative metabolic (glucocorticoid) versus electrolyte-regulating (mineralocorticoid) activity HYDROCORTISONE (CORTISOL) is the main glucocorticoid produced by the adrenal glands The pharmac

4、ological actions of steroid are an extension of their physiological effects Almost every cell in the body will respond to these compounds After entering the cell and binding to the receptor, the receptor-hormone complex is transported into the nucleus where it acts as a transcription factor for spec

5、ific genes All of the steroids (including the sex steroids) bind to intracellular receptors in target tissuesGlucocorticoidsGlucocorticoids receptors are found in virtually every cell in the body Glucocorticoids promote metabolism of protein and gluconeogenesis.The glucocorticoids stimulate formatio

6、n of glucose and cause breakdown of protein into amino acidsGlucocorticoids inhibit inflammatory and immunological responses. This is the basis of their therapeutic use and the reason why patients on glucocorticoids have increased susceptibility to infections All steps in the inflammatory process are blockedGlucocorticoids are used for replacement therapy in patients with malfunctioning adrenal glands. But the most important use of glucocorticoids is to reduce inflammation or block immu