2020年人教版八年级下册英语Unit1阅读写作专题训练(含解析与答题技巧)

1、2020 年八下英语阅读写作专题训练（含解析与答题技巧）Unit 1 What's the matter?一、中考直通车A（2019 甘肃兰州学考）Recently, a video story has spread among people.James Anthony has cleaned the halls of Hickerson Primary School for 15 years. Although he is deaf, he never complains（抱怨 ）. Instead, he greets every child and teacher with sm

2、ile. Teachers and children love him very much and call him Mr. James.On the day Anthony turned 60, the school wanted to give him a very special surprise. That day when Anthony walked into a classroom, a group of children started to sign（ 打手势 ） and sing “ Happy Birthday ” to him. Anthony started smil

3、ing as usual. Then his下 ja巴w（） dropped open and he laughed for joy as he realized what was going on. A few teachers led the kids through the whole song as Anthony watched. A wide smile was on his face. As they finished, tears came out from his eyes.Scott, secretary（秘书） of the school said,“The childr

4、en love and respect Mr. James. Theygive him high fives in the halls, and he even teaches them sign language. Today he has put smiles on faces all around the world. ”1. James Anthony is at Hickerson Primary School.A. a cleanerB. a studentC. a secretaryD. a guard2. When did James Anthony get a special

5、 surprise?A. On his fifteenth birthday.B. On his fiftieth birthday.C. On his sixtieth birthday. D. On his sixteenth birthday.3. Why did James Anthony cry when the kids and teachers finished singing the song?A. Because he lost his job.B. Because he was deeply moved.C. Because the kids didn't like

6、 him. D. Because he couldn't hear the kids.4. According to Scott, we can learn that .A . Anthony used to be a good teacherB. the kids love and respect Mr. JamesC. the kids often help Anthony clean the hallsD. Anthony always greets the kids and teachers by singing songs5. What may be the best tit

7、le for the passage?A. A Famous TeacherB. Lovely KidsC. A Special Birthday GiftD. An American SchoolB（ 2019?广西贵港 ）Do you often listen to music at loud volumes（ 音量 ）? Over one billion（ 十亿 ）young people are at risk of hearing loss（ 失聪 ）because of listening to loud noise for long periods of time. Listen

8、ing to music or watching a TV show at loud volumes is harmful to your hearing.The United Nations has standards for safe listening. It is not safe to listen to sounds that are louder than 85 decibels（dB 分贝 ） for eight hours or 100 dB for 15 minutes. The sound of a busy road is about 85 dB and the sou

9、nd of a rock concert can be about 100 dB.Loud noise is harmful to the inner ears（ 内耳 ）. Most of us are born with about 16,000 hair cell（ 听毛细胞 ） in our inner ears. However, listening to loud noise for a long time can make these cells work too hard and cause some of them to die. This is what causes he

10、aring loss.Some people might think that their music isn ' t all that loud. But this can depend on where you are. For example, if you are in a noisy place like the subway, you might turn up your music too loud without realizing it. Later, when you listen to it at the same volume in a quiet place,

11、 you might feel uncomfortable.The World Health Organization said the “ safe levle” for most soundsis below 80 dB for up to 40 hours a week. A level of 80 dB is roughly equal to（ 大约相当于 ） the noise of a subway.66. Many young people are at risk of hearing loss because they.A .watch TV every dayB. liste

12、n to music every dayC. listen to loud noise in the subwayD. listen to loud noise for a long time67. The sound level of a rock concert is about .A. 80 db B. 85dB C. 100 dB D. 110dB68. What is loud noise harmful to?A. The inner ears. B. The brain. C. The heart.D. The eyes.69. What can you learn from t

13、he passage?A. We feel comfortable when listening to loud music in a quiet place.B. Most people are born with about 1,600 hair cells in the inner ears.C. It is not safe to listen to sounds that are louder than 85 dB for 15 minutes.D. Below 80 dB for up to 40 hours a week is the“fors mafoes lte svoeul

14、 nds.”70. What is the best title of the passage?A. Keep the Loud V olumes.B. Loud Noise Is Harmful to Hearing.C. The Risk of Listening to Music.D. Loud Noise Stops Ears from Working二、完形填空 ·链接课文 体裁：说明文 词数： 198 难度： 建议用时： 5分钟 正确率 :/10Everyone gets headaches sometimes. But how much do you know abou

15、t 1? What may cause（引起 ） them? And what should we 2 if we have a headache? When should we go to see a doctor? Let ' s talk some t3h itnhgem.The headache is not a disease疾（ 病 ）, but it may show that something in our body is wrong. We may have 4 than one headache each month.Usually a 5 or some oth

16、er illnesses may cause headaches. As we all know, when we have a cold, we often have a 6 and a sore 7 at first. When you feel worse and 8 your temperature, you probably find you have a fever, and then the headache comes. Besides, we may get a headache when we work too hard. We may get a headache whe

17、n we exercise on an empty（ 空的 ） 9. We may get a headache when we don ' t get enough sleep. When we have a headache, we s1h0o ualndd rest. We should have a good sleep. We shouldn' t takex teoroc imseu icf hw e are tired. If we often haveheadaches, we need to see a doctor.（ ）1. A. toothaches B

18、. stomachaches C. headaches D. backaches（ ）2. A. did B. to do C. doing D. do（ ）3. A. about B. with C. at D. in（ ）4. A. less B. little C. more D. most（ ）5. A. blood B. fever C. break D. death( )6. A. headache B. toothache C. medicine D. cough( )7. A. head B. throat C. neck D. foot( )8. A. make B. sha

19、ke C. show D. take( )9. A. stomach B. tooth C. neck D. head( )10. A. take a break B. see a dentist C. lie down D. go out to exercise三、阅读理解阅读理解 A体裁：说明文 词数： 176+142 难度： 建议用时： 5分钟 正确率 :/5Do you know growing pains( 疼痛 )? Growing pains aren' t a disease. Sometimes you don' thave to go to a doctor

20、. Usually children can get them between the ages of 3 and 5 or 8 and 12.When children are over fifteen, most of them don' t get growing pains. Children often get growingpains in their legs. Growing pains often start before bedtime and sometimes in the middle of the night. But they go away by the

21、 morning. Doctors don' t know why. They think when children run,climb or jump a lot during the day, they may have pains in their legs at night.Parents can help children feel better by buying some medicine. But it is not good for children.Here are some ways that may help children feel better.1. P

22、ut a piece of warm cloth on the place where children feel painful.2. Ask children to stretch the legs like what they do in the P.E. class.3. Ask somebody to help massage(按摩) the painful legs.( )1. probably gets growing pains.A. A girl at the age of 2B. A boy at the age of 6C. A girl at the age of 10

23、D. A boy at the age of 18( )2. Children often have growing pains according to the passage.A. on the backB. in the armsC. in the neckD. in the legs( )3. Which of the following is NOT mentioned( 提及 ) in the passage?A. It is not good for children to take medicine if they have growing pains.B. How to ma

24、ssage children if they have growing pains.C. Advice on how to deal with( 处理 ) growing pains.D. Children may get growing pains when they sleep at night.( )4. What does the underlined word“ stretch ” mean in Chinese?A. 伸展B. 绷紧C. 抚摸D. 击打( )5. What is the best title for this passage?A. Children's Ex

25、erciseB. Children's Grow PinaginsC. Children's Health ProblemsD. Parents and Children阅读理解 B 体裁：应用文 词数： 212+130 难度： 建议用时： 6分钟 正确率 :/5( )1. How many people were injured or killed by the explosion that happened in Tongxu?A. 10 B. 7C. 11 D. 17( )2. What does the underlin ed word “ illegal ” mean

26、 in Chinese?A. 不正确的B. 不合法的C. 不安全的D. 不方便的( )3. Menyuan earthquake happened in .A. TibetB. QinghaiC. GansuD. Hebei( )4. People bought many things from the supermarket mainly because .A. it was difficult to buy these things in winterB. the traffic slowed downC. they were afraid to meet traffic accident

27、sD. they didn ' t want to go out in snowy days ( )5. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. People found out the reason for the explosion of the fireworks factory in Tongxu.B. Some people were badly injured in the earthquake.C. Snowy days caused many traffic accidents.D. A se

28、rious traffic accident influenced most of China from Jan. 22 to 24 in 2016. 阅读理解 C 体裁：记叙文 词数： 211+156 难度： 建议用时： 7分钟 正确率 :/5I experienced a bus accident yesterday.I was going to visit my aunt in Agra. The bus left Shekohabad and reached near a bridge. The road rose very high at the bridge from both t

29、he sides. At the same time, a car was coming from the opposite direction. The bus driver tried to step on the brakes( 刹车 ) but there was no time. So he gave a sudden turn. The road was not very broad(宽的) at the bridge. The result was that the driver couldn' t control the bus. It slip滑pe)d f(rom

30、the road and fell into the river below. Everyone of us gave a loud cry.There were fifty passengers in the bus forty men, six women and four children. Four of the passengers died then. Seven were hurt. Luckily, I escaped without much hurt.The car stopped. Inside the car was an officer. He was very so

31、rry for the poor passengers. He took the injured passengers in his car and sent them to the hospital quickly. Two of them died soon after.The police had little to do in the accident, because the driver had died. The most wonderful thing was the escape of the children.( )1. The writer went to Agra .A

32、. to workB. to go fishingC. to visit his auntD. to meet an officer( )2. How many passengers were there in the bus?A. Twenty.B. Thirty.C. Forty.D. Fifty.( )3. What does the underlined word“ escaped ” mean in Chinese?A. 逃脱B. 保护C. 对抗D. 发展( ) 4. Which is the RIGHT order according to the passage? The bus

33、 fell into the river below. The bus driver tried to step on the brakes. The car driver sent some passengers to the hospital. A car was coming from the opposite direction. The driver lost control of the bus.A. B. C. D. （ ）5. What can we learn from the passage? A. There were no children in the bus.B.

34、The road at the bridge was very broad.C. The bus driver was badly hurt in the accident.D. Six passengers died in the accident. 阅读理解 D 体裁：说明文 词数： 256 难度： 建议用时： 8 分钟正确率 :/5 阅读短文，从短文后的五个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，每个选项只能用一次。The most common disease in the world is the cold. It often starts with a sore throat.1 You

35、 usually have a headache, too. Often you have a cough later. It's not a serious disease, butyou can feel quite bad.There isn ' t a c良ur药e（ ） for a cold, but you can take some medicine to make yourself feel better. 2 It is good to rest and drink a lot of water. A doctor once to ld me, “ With

36、the right medicine, a cold will last for seven days. 3 ”Where does our medicine come from? A long time ago, people understood that some plants made them feel better. They ate the leaves, the roots, the fruit or the seeds（ 种子 ） of those plants. 4 In modern times, scientists have found out which chemi

37、cals are in them.5 There are some diseases that we can治愈'） ty ecut.r Ae（nd nobody has found a cure for old age.But thanks to modern medicine, the average（ 普通的 ） people now live longer than their grandparents.A. Much of our medicine today is made from these chemicals.B. You sneeze（打喷嚏 ） and your

38、nose runs.C. With no medicine, it will go on for a whole week!D. For example, the juice of lemons makes a sore throat feel better.E. For example, you can take an aspirin（ 阿司匹林 ） to get rid of（ 摆脱 ） your headache.1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 任务型阅读 体裁：记叙文 词数： 214 难度： Annie lived alone in Chicago. One day, she fell

39、down in her bedroom and broke her leg. So she tried to call her friend Lisa. But she dialed（ 拨打 ） a wrong number. The call reached Taylor, an 18-year-old girl. She was a college student and she lived hundreds of miles away from Chicago.At that time Taylor was reading in bed. She thought it was someb

40、ody playing a joke. When she was going to hang up（挂断）, she heard a woman crying（喊） “ Help! Help! ” From it, Taylor thought something bad must have happened to the woman. After she got the woman' s name andaddress, Taylor called 911 at once. Then she tried to make Annie feel comfortable. She spok

41、e to Annie on the phone till the doctors arrived at Annie' s house. At last Annie was taken to thehospital in time.As soon as Annie felt better, she wrote a letter to Taylor to thank her. 阅读短文，根据其内容回答下列问题。1. Where did Annie live?2. What happened to Annie one day?3. Who answered the telephone?4.

42、How did Taylor help Annie?5. Why did Annie write a letter to Taylor?短文填空 ·规范表达 体裁：记叙文 词数： 182 难度： 建议用时： 6分钟 正确率 :/10 用所给词的适当形式填空 ,使短文完整、通顺。My best friend Michael is used to 1 (play) computer games. He spends a lot of time on the computer every day. He often sits in the same way for too long wit

43、hout 2 (move), so his schoolwork is too bad and his parents are angry with him. Last week, he 3 (have) a headache, sore eyes and a sore back. He even couldn 4 (sleep) 'wetll. So his parents took him to see a doctor. The doctor examined(检查 ) him and said,“You s 5h o(tualkde) breaks away from the

44、computer. Youshouldn ' t keep o6 n(use) the computer for a long time. And you should do eye exercises 7 (relax) your eyes and go to bed early at night.no”ws Nthoew 8, h(iem kportant) of working hard on hisschoolwork. And he agrees 9 (play) computer games once a week. I think if he has a good res

45、t and studies hard, he 10 (feel) well soon and get better grades. After all( 毕竟 ), nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it.1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 四、话题积累 围绕 “健康与急救 ”这一话题 ,本单元中常会涉及谈论健康问题或意外事故等,并给出建议。在写这类文章时 ,要运用一般过去时来描述过去发生的事情。注意行文应完整、流畅。写作此 类话题作文的常用表达有：(1) . caught a bad cold.(2) .

46、 hurt so badly th at . couldn' t move at all.(3) . asked . to lie down and have a good rest .(4) If everyone helps a little, the world will become a warm family. 书面表达几天前 ,Lisa 得了感冒 ,妈妈给她量了体温 ,发现她发高烧， 于是带她去医院。 在路上 ,Lisa 看到 一个小男孩摔伤了膝盖 ,于是让妈妈带小男孩一起去了医院。医生给了她一些建议，另一个 医生对小男孩的膝盖进行了包扎并告诉她们小男孩没有什么大碍。最后

47、,Lisa 的妈妈给男孩 的妈妈打了电话 请根据上面的文字材料 ,写一篇不少于 80 词的英语短文 ,描述故事梗概 ,要求语言通顺流畅 ,可 适当发挥。参考答案与解析一、A ： ACBBC 【主旨大意文】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了全校为聋哑清洁工举办 60 岁生日的故事。6. A 细节理解题。从文中第二段第一句“ James Anthony has cleaned the halls of .Primary 1School for 15years ”可知答案。7. C 细节理解题。 从文中第三段第一句 “On the day .turned 60 ， the school wanted to g

48、ive him a very special surprise ”可知答案。8. B 细节理解题。从文中第三段及第四段第一句可推断出， Anthony 很感动，9. B 细节理解题。 从文中第四段第一句 “ Scott，secretary（秘书 ） of the school said ， The children love and respect Mr.James ”可知答案。10. C 主旨大意题。从文章整体可知，全校师生为 Anthony 举办 60 岁生日。 B：体裁说明文话题13卫生与健康之自我保护；词数28121世界与环境之环境保护【主旨大意】 本文是一篇说明文。 主要介绍的是音量

49、较大的噪音对我们的耳朵有很大的损害。 我们在听音乐或者看电视时，不要把音量开得太大，不然会影响、 损害我们的听力。我们听音乐或者看电视时间也不要过长。66. D【解析】 细节理解题。 根据第一段中的 “ Over one billion young people are at risk of hearing loss because of listening to loud noise for long periods of time. ”可知：世界上有十亿多年轻人 正面临失聪的危险，因为他们长时间地听嘈杂的噪音。故选D 。67. C【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“The sound

50、of a busy road is about 85 dB andthe sound of a rock concert can be about 100 dB. ”可知：摇滚音乐会的声音大约是100 分贝。故选 C 。68. A【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Loud noise is harmful to the inner ears ”可知：嘈杂的噪音对我们的内耳有很大的伤害。故选A。69. D【解析】推理判断题。通读原文可知：当你在噪音较大的地方把音乐开的声音非常大， 但是后来在安静的地方听同样音律的音乐， 就会觉得不舒服； 大多数人出生时， 内而里面有 16,000 个听毛细胞

51、， 不是 1600 个；听高于 85 分贝的声音八小时是不安全的， 不是 15 分钟， 故选项 A ，B 和 C 说法都不对。 根据最后一段第一句 “ The World Health Organization said the safe level for most sounds is below 80 dB for up to 40 hours a week ”可知：对于大多数声音来 说，每周听低于 80分贝的声音 40 个小时是个“安全值”。故选 D。70. B【解析】主旨大意题。通读原文可知：本文主要介绍的是嘈杂的噪音对人的听力的伤 害。故选项 B 作为文章的标题较为合适。故选 B 。

52、二、完形填空 【语篇大意】 本文围绕我们日常生活中常见的头痛问题谈论了其诱因及应对方法等。1. C 由前句 “ Everyone gets headaches sometimes可. 知，该句”仍然指的是头痛这一问题，故选 C。2. D should 是一个情态动词，其后跟动词原形，故选 D 。3. A talk about sth. 表示 “谈论关于某事的 ”，故选 A 。4. C 由句中的 than 可知， 须用形容词的比较级，结合句意可知，须用more， more than 多“于；不只是 ”，故选 C。B。5. B 根据生活常识可知，发烧会引起头痛，故选D。6. D 根据生活常识可知，

53、感冒初期会有咳嗽、咽喉痛等症状，故选7. B 感冒时会伴随咽喉痛， have a sore throat 咽喉痛“”，故选 B 。8. D take sb. ' s tempera量tur体e 温 ”“，故选 D。9. A 由生活常识可知，空腹运动会引起头痛，故选A。10. C 由下文的 rest可知，此处应是指 “躺下”。 lie down and rest 躺下来“休息 ”，故选 C。三、阅读理解 阅读理解 A【语篇大意】本文主要介绍了 35 岁或 812 岁孩子的生长痛的具体表现及缓解这种不适的一些有效方 法。1. C 细节理解题。 由文章第一段第四句 “ Usuayll chi

54、ldren can get them between the ages of 3 and 5 or 8 and 12. 可知，”一个 10 岁的女孩很可能会有生长痛，故选C 。2. D 细节理解题。 由文章第一段第六句 “ Children often get growing pains in their legs. 可知， 生长痛主要体现在腿部，故选 D 。3. B 推理判断题。 由文章第二段第一、二句 “ Parents can help children feel better by buying some medicine. But it is not good for childre

55、n. 可知，A 项在文”中提到过； 由第二段第三句 “ Here are some ways that may help children feel better. 可知， C 项在文”中提到过；由第一段第七句 “ They often start before bedtime and sometimes in the middle of the night. 可知， D 项也提到过， 而 B 项（当孩子生长痛发作时怎样按摩）并没有提到，故选B 。4. A 词义猜测题。由该句中画线词后面的内容like what they do in the P.E. class （像他们在体育课上做的那样）可

56、知， stretch意为 “伸展 ”。故选 A。5. B 主旨大意题。 根据第一段的前两句并结合全文可知，本文讲述了孩子在生长发育期的 生长痛问题，故选 B 。【方法技巧】搜寻文章主题句，归纳主旨大意 文章的主题句是文章的核心，它往往是一个有很强概括性和代表性的句子。 但主题句出现的位置不尽相同。在多数情况下，尤其在说明文和议论文中， 主题句通常在文章的开头或结尾。解题时，应采用浏览的方式，仔细选读文 章的首尾段和首尾句（包括每一段的首尾句），重点搜索主题线索和脉络。 本文在第一段就点出了文章的主题 Do you know growing pains? 由此可 知，文章主要讲述孩子的生长痛的问

57、题。阅读理解 B 【语篇大意】 本文主要谈论了通许烟花厂爆炸事故、门源地震和2016 年年初的极寒天气。1. D 细节理解题。 由文中第一栏 “ The accident killed 10 people，and another seven injured people are still being treated in the hospital. 可知”，爆炸事故造成 10 人死亡， 7 人受伤，因此伤亡人 数共 17 人。故选 D。2. B 词义猜测题。根据画线词后面的解释 这家烟花厂没有建在政府审批的场地可推知， 它是不合法的。故选 B 。【方法技巧】巧借解释突破词义猜测题 当文中出现

58、一个生词时， 通常下文会通过解释其具体内容帮助我们理解该生 词的意义。本题中画线词的后面一句“ Because its factory site isn't the one onwhich the local government permitted it t o build. 实”际上就是对 illegal 的含义 进行解释说明： 它的厂址并未设在当地政府审批的场地， 说明该烟花厂是违 法的。所以， illegal 意为 “违法的 ”。3. B 细节理解题。由文中第二栏 “ Menyuan County lies in . China' s Qingha可i 知Pr，ovince.门源地震发生在青海省。故