中国文化概论 孙子兵法英文背景

1、 Sun Wu, whose courtesy name was Changqing(长卿)， was born in Lean(乐安， now Huimin 惠民，Shangdong Province). Revered as “Sun Zi (or Sun Tzu) ”, he was a well-known military strategist in the late Spring and Autumn Period. To escape from domestic chaos, he took refuge in the State of Wu, where he was appo

2、inted general by the king. Under his command, the forces of Wu defeated the strong army of the State of Chu, subdued the people of the State of Yue, and deterred the state of Qi and Wei.Sun Zi (about 535470 BC)Sun Zis The Art of War, composed of 13 articles, was the first systematic book on military

3、 strategies and tactics in ancient China and one of the earliest works on military strategies and tactics in the world.1.Laying Plans始计篇2.Waging War作战篇3.Attack by Stratagem谋攻篇4.Tactical Dispositions军形篇5.Energy兵势篇6.Weak Points and Strong 虚实篇7.Maneuvering军争篇8.Variation in Tactics九变篇9.The army on the m

4、arch行军篇10.Terrain地形篇11.The Nine Situation九地篇12.The attack by fire火攻篇13.The Use of Spies 用间篇Thirty-Six Stratagems（三十六计）1.瞒天过海crossing the sea under camouflage2.围魏救赵relieving the state of Zhao by besieging the state of Wei3.借刀杀人killing someone with a borrowed knife4.以逸待劳waiting at ones ease for the ex

5、hausted enemy5.趁火打劫plundering a burning house6.声东击西making a feint to the east and attacking in the west7.无中生有creating something out of nothing8.暗渡陈仓advancing secretly by an unknown path9.隔岸观火watching a fire from the other side of the river10.笑里藏刀covering the dagger with a smile11.李代桃僵palming off sub

6、stitute for the real thing12.顺手牵羊picking up something in passing13.打草惊蛇beating the grass to frighten the snake14.借尸还魂resurrecting a dead soul by borrowing a corpse15.调虎离山luring the tiger out of his den16.欲擒故纵letting the enemy off in order to catch him17.抛砖引玉giving the enemy something to induce him t

7、o lose more valuable things18.擒贼擒王capturing the ringleader first in order to capture all the followers19.釜底抽薪extracting the firewood from under the cauldron20.混水摸鱼muddling the water to catch the fish; fishing in troubled waters21.金蝉脱壳slipping away by casting off a cloak; getting away like the cicada

8、 sloughing its skin22.关门捉贼catching the thief by closing / blocking his escape route23.远交近攻befriending the distant enemy while attacking a nearby enemy24.假途伐虢attacking the enemy by passing through a common neighbor25.偷梁换柱stealing the beams and pillars and replacing them with rotten timbers26.指桑骂槐revi

9、ling/ abusing the locust tree while pointing to the mulberry27.假痴不癫feigning madness without becoming insane28.上屋抽梯removing the ladder after the enemy has climbed up the roof29.树上开花putting artificial flowers on trees30.反客为主turning from the guest into the host 31.美人计using seductive women to corrupt th

10、e enemy32.空城计presenting a bold front to conceal unpreparedness33.反间计sowing discord among the enemy 34.苦肉计deceiving the enemy by torturing ones own man35.连环计coordinating one stratagem with another36.走为上计decamping being the best; running away as the best choice故曰：知己知彼，百战不贻；不知彼而知己，一胜一负；不知彼不知己，每战必败。 Hen

11、ce the saying: If you know the enemy and know yourself, you need not fear the result of a hundred battles. If you know yourself but not the enemy, for every victory gained you will also suffer a defeat. If you know neither the enemy nor yourself, you will succumb in every battle.故兵贵胜，不贵久。 In war, th

12、en, let your great object be victory, not lengthy campaigns.攻其无备，出其不意。 Attack him where he is unprepared, appear where you are not expected. The system of the The Art of WarAccording to the modern military science system to analyze, The Art of Warcontains four levels ： 1 1、The concept of war “Be cau

13、tious in war ” 2 2、Strategic thinking“The supreme art of war is to subdue the enemy without fight ” “dominate the enemy by striking first” 3 3、The tactical thought “To the people instead of having people ” ” “know yourself as well as the enemy” “To avoid real and imaginary attack ” Core4 4、Military

14、theory “Order of the symbol, equal to things” The practical application of The Art of War1 1、Art of Warin the military field Nearly 2500 years after the death of the famous Chinese military thinker Sun Tzu, the strategic thinking of being a profound impact on the modern battlefield. According to the

15、 data reported: the America held hundreds of lectures since the late 1970s, Art of Waris a book that the senior military academys student must learn .2 2、Art of War in the economic fieldSome of the MBA courses regardArt of War as a classic reference book。 American Marketing Master Philip Kotler also worked in itsMarketing managementdiscusses the art of war in the marketing 。In 50 years ，the Sony Corp holds “以正合，以奇胜”（宋）何去非（宋）何去非 3 3、How to understand the art of war i