高考每日必备多种变化规则Word版

1、一、形容词变比较级最高级规则变化1.一般在词尾直接加er或est，例如，tall-taller-tallest，long-longer-longest2.以不发音的字母e结尾的单词在词尾直接加r或st，例如，nice-nicer-nicest3.以辅音字母+y结尾的词，把y变为i，再加er或est，例如，heavy-heavier-heaviest4.重读闭音节，末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写这个辅音字母，再加er或est，例如，big-bigger-biggest5.部分双音节词和多音节词分别在原级前加more构成比较级和most构成最高级，例如，slowly-more slowly-most

2、slowly；beautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful特殊变化二 形容词变副词的一般规则形容词变副词通常是加ly, 其变化有规律可循,请记住以下口诀：一般直接加，“元音加e”去e加，“辅音加y”改i加，“le”结尾e改y。 具体规则如下：1.一般情况下直接加“ly”，如：quick-quickly; polite-politely; sad-sadly; immediate-immediately; recent-recently 2. 少数以e结尾的形容词，要去掉e再加-ly。如：true-truly; due-duly绝大多数辅音字

3、母加e结尾的形容词直接加 -ly。如：polite-politely; wide-widely; wise-wisely; nice-nicely 3. 以“y”结尾的，且读音为 / i /， 先将“y”改成“i”，再加“ly”，如：happy-happily; heavy-heavily; angry-angrily; busy-busily但是如果读音为 / ai /， 直接加ly，如：dry-dryly; sly-slyly; shy-shyly4.以ic 结尾的词，加ally，如：economic-economically; basic-basically; scientif

4、ic-scientifically; automatic-automatically; energetic-energetically; 但是public-publicly 例外。 5.以 e 结尾的形容词一般+ly2 / 13但是：1） 以ble , ple, tle结尾时,去e加y，如：simple-simply; considerable-considerably; terrible-terribly gentle-gently; possible-possibly; probable-probably; incredible-incredibly2）who

5、le-wholly；true-truly。三 动词第三人称单数变化规则1、大多数动词在词尾加“S”在清辅音后发音为s，在浊辅音及元音后发音为 z。如： stopstops s ; makemakes s readreads z ; playplays z2、以辅音字母加“y”结尾的，要先将“y”变为“i”，然后在加“es”读iz 如： flyflies z； carrycarries z studystudies z; worryworries3、以“s, x, ch, sh”结尾的，在词尾加“es”，发音为iz 如： teachteaches iz; watchwatches iz4、以“o

6、”结尾的动词，加“es”，读z 如： gogoes z dodoes z下面几个动词变为单数时，原词的元音部分的发音发生了较大的变化，请注意记忆。 如：1、do du:does dz2、say seisays sez以不发音字母“e”结尾的开音节词，如果尾音是s，z时，加“s”后字母“e”发音， 与所加“s”一起读做iz。 如： closecloses iz be动词包括：am， is， are。第三人称单数用 is；过去式为 was；复数用are，过去式为were.四 动词过去式变化规则及其读音规则  1.一般情况下，动词词尾加 -ed ，如： 

7、60;work -worked play-played wanted-wanted act-acted  2、以不发音的 -e 结尾动词，动词词尾加 -d，如：  live-lived move-moved taste-tasted hope-hoped  3、以辅音字母 + y结尾的动词，把-y变为-i 再加-ed，如：  study-studied copy-copied&

8、#160;cry-cried carry-carried  4、以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词，双写词尾辅音字母，再加 -ed，实际是辅音元音加辅音的结构，如：  stop -stopped  5、不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强，须多加记忆。  go  went make  made get  got buy - bought come  c

9、ame  fly-flew五 动词过去分词变化规则与不规则变化（一）变化规则：与过去式规则相同。1. 一般直接在词尾加上ed。look-looked-looked2. 以e结尾的动词，直接加d。move-moved-moved 3. 以y结尾，y前面是辅音字母的动词，变y 为i，再加ed。carry-carried-carried4. 部分动词需双写尾字母，加ed。stop-stopped-stopped（二）不规则变化：不规则动词的变化因词而异。但如对不规则动词的过去式和过去分词做一分析，就可发现其中的“规则”。为方便同学们记忆，现将部分不规则动词的原形、过去式和过去分词列出并规为

10、五种类型。以便准确记忆。 AAB型原形过去式过去分词现分/动名词三单中文beatbeatbeatenbeatingbeats打败 ABC 型原形过去式过去分词现分/动名词三单中文bewas / werebeenbeingis / am是，在beginbeganbegunbeginningbegins开始blowblewblownblowingblows吹breakbrokebrokenbreakingbreaks破裂、折断choosechosechosenchoosingchooses选择dodiddonedoingdoes做、干drawdrewdrawndrawingdraws画画drive

11、drovedrivendrivingdrives驾驶drinkdrankdrunkdrinkingdrinks喝eatateeateneatingeats吃fallfellfallenfallingfalls落下flyflewflownflyingflies飞forgetforgotforgottenforgettingforgets忘记getgotgottengettinggets到达、得到givegavegivengivinggives给gowentgonegoinggoes去growgrewgrowngrowinggrows成长hidehidhiddenhidinghides隐藏know

12、knewknownknowingknows知道了解mistakemistookmistakenmistakingmistakes犯错rideroderiddenridingrides骑ringrangrungringingrings响铃riseroserisenrisingrises升起seesawseenseeingsees看到shakeshookshakenshakingshakes摇动singsangsungsingingsings唱speakspokespokenspeakingspeaks讲stealstolestolenstealingsteals偷swimswamswumswim

13、mingswims游泳taketooktakentakingtakes拿、带throwthrewthrownthrowingthrows扔wakewokewokenwakingwakes唤醒wearworewornwearingwears穿戴writewrotewrittenwritingwrites写AAA型原形过去式过去分词现分/动名词三单中文costcostcostcostingcosts花费cutcutcutcuttingcuts砍、切、割hithithithittinghits打、撞hurthurthurthurtinghurts伤害letletletlettinglets让putp

14、utputputtingputs放置readreadreadreadingreads读setsetsetsettingsets设置、搭建shutshutshutshuttingshuts关闭 ABA型原形过去式过去分词现分/动名词三单中文becomebecamebecomebecomingbecomes成为comecamecomecomingcomes来overcomeovercameovercomeovercomingovercomes克服runranrunrunningruns跑ABB型原形过去式过去分词现分/动名词三单中文understandunderstoodunderstoodund

15、erstandingunderstands理解、bringbroughtbroughtbringingbrings带来buildbuiltbuiltbuildingbuilds建造burnburned/burntburned/burntburningburns燃烧buyboughtboughtbuyingbuys买catchcaughtcaughtcatchingcatches抓住、赶上dealdealtdealtdealingdeals处理digdugdugdiggingdigs挖feedfedfedfeedingfeeds喂养feelfeltfeltfeelingfeels感觉fightf

16、oughtfoughtfightingfights打架findfoundfoundfindingfinds发现、找到hanghunghunghanginghangs悬挂hearheardheardhearinghears听holdheldheldholdingholds举办keepkeptkeptkeepingkeeps保持learnlearned/learntlearned/learntlearninglearns学习leaveleftleftleavingleaves离开lendlentlentlendinglends借lightlighted/litlightedlightingligh

17、ts点燃loselostlostlosingloses丢失makemademademakingmakes制造meanmeantmeantmeaningmeans意味meetmetmetmeetingmeets遇见paypaidpaidpayingpays付给saysaidsaidsayingsays说sellsoldsoldsellingsells卖sendsentsentsendingsends送shineshoneshoneshiningshines照耀showshowedshowed/shownshowingshows展示sitsatsatsittingsits坐sleepsleptsl

18、eptsleepingsleeps睡觉spendspentspentspendingspends花费、度过standstoodstoodstandingstands站、忍受sweepsweptsweptsweepingsweeps清扫teachtaughttaughtteachingteaches教telltoldtoldtellingtells告诉thinkthoughtthoughtthinkingthinks思考winwonwonwinningwins赢得 六 动词现在分词的变化规则：.     一般在动词末尾直接加ing.  

19、   以不发音字母e结尾的动词，先去掉e, 再加ing        如:  skate - skating           have - having  ride - riding             come - coming   

20、60;         make - making             dance - dancing write - writing     .    以重读闭音节结尾的动词，中间只有一个元音字母，词尾只有一个辅音字母，       应双写末尾的辅音字母

21、，即辅元辅结构，再加ing       如： putting        running        beginning  stopping      swimming        shopping     

22、60;.    以ie结尾的动词，把ie变成y再加ing 如： lie - lying    tie - tying die - dying七 可数名词变复数情况构成方法读音例词一般情况加 -s清辅音后读 /s /, 浊辅音和元音后读 / z /bookbooks deskdesksbagbags gamegameskeykeys boyboys以o 结尾的词加 s或-es读 / z /photophotos pianopianostomatotomatoespotatopotatoes以s , sh , ch , x等结尾的词 加 -es读 /I Z /busbuses watchwatchesstomachs除外以ce , se , ze , （d）ge等结尾的词变y为i ，再加-es读 /I Z /pricepricescasecasesorangeoranges以辅音字母加y结尾的词变y为i , 再加-es读 /z /familyfamiliesstrawberrystrawberriescomedycomediesbabybabiesfamilyfamilies注：少数名词的复数形式是不规则的，如manmen womanwomen ,policemanpolicemen