八年级英语寒假专题——进行时上海牛津版知识精讲

1、初二英语寒假专题进行时上海牛津版【本讲教育信息 】一 . 教学内容：寒假专题进行时现在进行时是由助动词to be 的现在时+ 现在分词构成：肯定式否定式疑问式I am working. You are working. He (she) is working. We (you, they) are working. I am not working. You are not working. He (she) is not working. We (you, they) are not working. Am I working? Are you working? Is he (she) wo

2、rking? Are we (you, they) working?现在分词的构成，是在动词原形上加 ing, 但是应该注意：情况 变化例词动词以单个e 结尾 , 去掉 e, 加 ing： love -lovingargue - arguing动词以 ee 结尾 , 直接加 ing ： agree- agreeingsee - seeing动词为单音节：以单一元音字母+ 单一辅音字母结尾, 辅音字母双写，再加ing： hit-hitting run -runningstop - stopping动词为双音节或者多音节：最后一个音节为重读音节，以单一元音字母+ 单一辅音字母结尾，辅音字母双写，再

3、加ing ： begin - beginningadmit- admitting以 y 结尾的动词直接加 ing： carry-carryingenjoy-enjoying现在进行时的功用1）表示说话时正在发生或者进行的动作Please don t make so much noise, I m studying.Let s get out. It isn t raining any more.2) 表示在现在相对较长一段时间内正在进行的动作，但是说话一刻不一定在做的动作Have you heard about Tom? He is building his own house.David i

4、s teaching English and learning Chinese in Beijing.这些动作， 在说话时并不一定在发生或进行， 而是在包括说话的一刹那在内的一段时间内发生、进行的。3）表示最近的确定的安排Ann is coming tomorrow.Oh, is she? What time is she arriving?At 10 ： 15.Are you meeting her at the station?I can t. I m working tomorrow morning.以上句子也可以用be going to (do) 的形式来表示。但是谈论已确定的安排时，

5、用现在进行时态显得更加自然，除非受到动词功能的限制。在此，切不可用will,如：Alex is getting married next month.不能用will get married.4) 和 always 连用表示某种情绪，可能是厌烦也可能是赞扬，如：Tom is always going away for weekends.My husband is always doing homework.现在进行时的其它用法1. 现在进行时可用来表示一个按计划或安排最近将要发生的动作，这样用的时候，句中常带有一个表示将来的时间状语。常用现在进行时表示将来时间的动词有go, come, leav

6、e,arrive( 到达 ), start, fly, travel等。例如：用心爱心专心Theyre going sightseeing in Paris. 他们将去巴黎观光。They are arriving tomorrow.他们明天到达。She is coming to see you next week. 她打算下周来看你。Mr Smith is leaving for London.史密斯先生就要启程去伦敦了。2. 表示刚刚过去的动作现在进行时可以表示刚刚过去的动作， 这种用法常出现在口语中， 而且主要限于表示 “说话 ”一类的动词 , 如 tell, say, talk 等。例如

7、：I don t know what youre saying我不.知道你说了些什么!3. 表示渐变的过程连系动词get, become, grow, turn( 变得 )等的现在进行时表示一个变化过程, 比一般现在时更形象逼真。例如：The boy is growing tall.这男孩渐渐长高了。It s getting warmer and warmer天.越来越暖和了。The trees are turning green. 树木渐渐 (变 )绿了。4. 表示感情色彩现在进行时与always( 总是 ), constantly( 常常 ) 等副词连用 , 表示一种经常、 反复或习惯性的

8、动作 , 这种用法常表达说话者的某种感情, 如赞扬、讨厌、惊奇、遗憾或不满等。例如：Kate is always helping others.凯特总是乐意帮助别人。(表示赞扬 )The boy is always asking whys.这孩子老是问这问那, 没完没了。 (表示厌烦 )They are always talking in class.他们总是在上课时说话。(表示不满 )现在进行时的禁区英语中大多数动词都可以有进行时态 , 但也有一些动词没有或很少用进行时态。 到目前为止 , 同学们学过的不可用进行时态的动词可分为以下几类：1. 表示“拥有”的动词 , 如 have(has)等

9、。例如：现在她有一块新手表。误： She is having a new watch now.正： She has a new watch now.我有一辆漂亮的自行车。误： I am having a nice bike.正： I have a nice bike.2. 表示感觉的动词 , 如 see, find, look ( 看起来 ), hear(听见 )等。例如：她看起来像她父亲。误： She is looking like her father.正： She looks like her father.现在我们看见他了。误： We are seeing him now.正： We

10、see him now.注意：这类动词一般都是和我们的五官感觉有关的动词，侧重动作的结果，表示“看得见”、“听得见”等。如果不表示动作的结果，而是表示现时发生或正在发生的动作，可以用 listen to ， look at 等 (短语 )动词的现在进行时形式。例如：They are listening to the teacher. 他们在听老师讲。I m looking at this picture.我正在看这幅画。3. 表示“喜欢” 、“厌恶”的动词，如like, love, hate( 讨厌 )等。例如：用心爱心专心我们热爱祖国。误： We are loving our country

11、.正： We love our country.我喜欢游泳。误： I am liking swimming.正： I like swimming.4.表示心理状态、想 /看法或理解力的动词，如think, know, forget 等。例如：我知道她的姓名和住址。误： I am knowing her name and her address.正： I know her name and her address.我认为你是对的。误： I am thinking you are right.正： I think you are right.5.表示状态的 be 动词。例如：她在家。误： She

12、is being at home.正： She is at home.6.表示“希望” 、“愿望”、“心愿”等的动词 ,如 want 等。例如：我现在就想见到她。误： I am wanting to see her now.正： I want to see her now.但愿我能和她一样漂亮。误： I m wishing I were as beautiful as she.正： I wish I were as beautiful as she.前面我们谈了现在进行时的其它用法和禁区。如果对这两个方面重新进行观察和审视,我们就会发现： 凡是能用于进行时态的动词都表示具体的动作或者指一个动态

13、的过程, 而表示状态意义时，包括“有” 、“无”、“心里的看法或想法”以及“五官感觉”等时，动词都不能用进行时态。例如：I m having my breakfast.我正在吃早餐。(说明现在进行的动作)I have a book. 我有一本书。(说明是一种情况或状态，而不是一个特定的动作)They are thinking about moving.他们正在考虑搬迁事宜。(头脑里一直在考虑)I think you are wrong.我认为你错了。(说明的是我的看法或想法，而不是我在做什么)注：下面所列的四种动词通常都不适用于进行时。1. 知觉动词 ：feel（觉得），see，hear，sm

14、ell（闻味道），taste（尝味道），sound（听起来），etc.2. 意识动词 ： know, understand（知道；明白） ， seem（好像）， believe（相信）， find （发觉）， forget （忘记）， remember（记忆）， think （想）， etc.3. 感情动词 ： love，hate（恨；厌恶），like（喜欢）， dislike （不喜欢），want（要），prefer（较喜欢）， mind（介意）， hope（希望）， wish （盼望）， fear（害怕；担心） ， etc.4. 表达“持有”的动词 ： have， belong（ to）（

15、属于） ，possess（持有）， own（拥有），etc.“ have常”可作动词使用，此时就可用进行时来表达。例如：We are having（= eating ） dinner right now.（现在我们正在吃晚餐。）用心爱心专心常用于修饰现在进行时的时间副词有： （ right ）now，at present（目前），for the time being （目前， 暂时），always，constantly（不断地），frequently（常常地），continuously （不断地）， etc. 这些副词中，尤其是 “ always， constantly， frequently

16、 ， continuously 等常”用于表达 “持续不断 ”的习惯，例如：She is always grumbling.（她老是在埋怨东埋怨西。 说话时不一定正在埋怨。）动词如 “become， get， grow， turn ”等也常以（现在）进行时再接用“比较级比较级”的句式表达渐进的概念。例如：The days are getting shorter and shorter after mid-autumn.（中秋过后白昼就越来越短。）My parents are getting（ = growing） older and older（我的父母越来越老了。）Drilling Squa

17、re一般现在时和现在进行时的比较一般现在时表示的是一般、重复的动作或者事情现在进行时表示说话时或说话前后正在发生的动作或事情，如：Tom plays tennis every Sunday.Where s Tom?-He is playing tennis.What do you do? 你是干什么工作的？What are you doing here? 你在这里干什么？一般现在时是表示经常的情况，而现在进行时表示的是暂时的，如：My parents live in Shanghai. They have been there for 50 years.She s living with so

18、me friends until she can find an apartment.暂时性动作和经常性动作The computer is working perfectly.计算机运转得很好。 （暂时）The computer works perfectly.计算机运转很好。 （一直如此）持续性动作和短暂性动作【模拟试题】（答题时间： 60 分钟）一 .选择填空：1.What are you doing? I_.A. eatB. can eatC. eatingD. am eating2.We are _ books now.A. readingB. am readingC. readD.

19、to read3.Our teacher is _ a red sweater .A. putting onB. put onC. wearsD. wear4.That boy isn the teacher .A. listenB. listensC. listeningD. listening to5.It s eight o clock. Jimmy s parents .TVA. is watchingB. are watchingC. watchD. to watch6.My mother is _ a cake _ my birthday.A. making ; toB. maki

20、ng ; forC. doing ; toD. doing ; for用心爱心专心7.They are _ these books in the box.A. putsB. putC. to putD. putting8._ you _ the window? Yes, I am.A. Do, cleanB. Is, cleaningC. Are, cleaningD. Do, cleaning二 .用动词的适当形式填空1.What are you _(do) now? I _(eat) bread.2.It s nine o clock. My father_(work) in the of

21、fice.3.Look, the boy_(put) the rubbish into the bin.4._ he _(clean) the classroom? No, he isn t. He_(play).5. Where is Mike? He_(run) on the grass.6. Listen, who_(sing) in the music room?三 . 句型转换1. They are cleaning the window. （改为一般疑问句）_?2. Tom is working. （改为一般疑问句）_ ?3. Jim is singing. （改为否定句）_.4.

22、 Kate is dancing. （对划线提问）_?5. She is sitting near the window. （对划线提问）_? ：四 . 用动词的适当形式填空1. Mr Smith_(live) with his family.2. My father often_(listen) to the radio everyday.3. The child_(do) his homework in the evening.4. She often_(wash)her clothes.5. What _you usually_(do) in the evening?6. Mrs Smi

23、th always_(stay)at home.五 . 选词填空：1. She is _ (walk, walking) now.2. Mother is _ (feed, feeding) birds.3. They are _ (sitting, siting) on the chair.4. Cindy is _ (watch, watching) TV .5. Joe is _ (jogging, joging) in the garden.6. Look, Nick is _ (coming, come).7. The cat is _ (lieing, lying) on the

24、rug.8. Listen, she is _ (singing, sing).9. Look, the girl is _ (run).10. The cat is _ (eat) now.用心爱心专心11. Look, the baby is _ (smile).12. My mother and my father are _ (dance).13. Uncle Jerry is _ (drive).14. The fish is _ (swim) in the river.15. She is _ (shop).六 . 填入 be 动词的适当形式1. He _ drinking wat

25、er.2. The eagle _ flying in the sky.3. Children _ playing in the playground.4. They _ working now.5. I _ going to the supermarket.6. I _ coming.7. He _ walking in the woods now七 . 完形填空On Sunday morning ， Mike is _1_ blue trousers and a white shirt ， and his little sister ，Kate， is _2_ a yellow skirt

26、 and _3_ red sweater. They want to _4_._5_ the shop， there _6_ many things and many people. They are men and women ，old and _7_. They all want to _8_ something. There are apples ，pears and oranges. Mike likes banana and pears， but Kate _9_ to have some oranges and apples. Bananas and oranges are ver

27、y expensive. Then they buy _10_ apples and pears and go home.1.A. putting onB. wearC. havingD. in2.A. wearingB. havingC. puttingD. putting on3.A. anB. aC. theD. 4.A. go shoppingB. go shopC. go to schoolD. go to shop5.A. ToB. OnC. InD. At6.A. areB. isC. amD. be7.A. newB. smallC. youngD. big8.A. earB.

28、 buyC. lookD. find9.A. likeB. asksC. wantsD. likes10. A. a littleB. someC. muchD. any八 .阅读理解Small children often laugh at the short ones or at someone who isnt dressed as well as theyare. But as they growup， they learnnot to hurt other people feelings by laughing at theirproblems. They learn to laug

29、h at other things. Most important， they learn to laugh at themselves.Suppose youre playing a game. Youmake a mistake and lose. Do you become angry? Or canyou laugh at yourself and hope to do better next time? Suppose you are at a special dinner. You at times spill some food. Why keep worrying about

30、how clumsy you looked? Why not laugh it offand enjoy yourself any way? If you can ， it s a good thing you ve really grown up.1. This article is mostly about _.A. why laughter is good for your bodyB. what you should laugh at用心爱心专心C. where you may laughD. where you may laugh2. The writer says small children laugh at people