高中英语定语从句语讲解课件新人教版

1、the attributive clause定语从句定语从句 富源六中宁益庆富源六中宁益庆1.定义：定义：2.先行词：先行词：3.关系代词、关系副词：关系代词、关系副词：在复合句中用来用来修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫先行词（antecedent）。引导定语从句的词引导定语从句的词关系代词关系代词：关系副词：关系副词：who, whom, whose, which, that等等when, where, why等等关系代词和关系副词的作用：1、引导作用、引导作用2、替代作用、替代作用3、在定语从句中担当某个成分的作用、在定语从句中担当某个成分的作用eg: 1.t

2、hose who want to go please sign your names here. 2.this is the house where he was born. 3. bill, who was here yesterday, asked me a lot of questions.指 代所作成分是否可省略thatwhichwhowhomwhose人；物人；物物物人人人人人、物人、物主语；宾语主语；宾语主语；宾语主语；宾语主语；宾语主语；宾语宾语宾语定语定语作宾语可省作宾语可省作宾语可省作宾语可省作宾语可省作宾语可省可省可省不可省不可省指代所作成分是否可省略whenwherewh

3、y时间时间状语状语否否地点地点状语状语否否原因原因状语状语否否 判断下列引导词在句中的用法判断下列引导词在句中的用法 eg:1.he is such a man who never tells a lie. 2. he is the model worker whom/who we should learn from. 3. a dictionary is a book which often helps us to know the meanings of the words. 4. this is the film which i like best. 5. the boy whose f

4、ather is a professor is one of my best friends.指代指代、所作成分所作成分、是否可省略是否可省略 6. the house whose roof was blown away by the storm will be rebuilt soon.7. it was 11 oclock when the accident happened last night.8. this is the village where i was brought up.关系代词which和that的区别：a.关系代词必须用that的情形：this is the best

5、 film that i have ever seen.the first man arrived at the class was our headteacher.this is the only ticket that i got yesterday.this is the very book that im looking for.is there anything that i can do for you?all that you have to do is to press the button.there is no time that we can waste.the car

6、and its driver that knocked down the old lady have been taken to the police station.summarize: 只能用只能用thatthat引导定语从句的几种情况引导定语从句的几种情况1)先行词被先行词被序数词或形容词最高级序数词或形容词最高级所修饰时。所修饰时。2）先行词被）先行词被the only,the very,the same,the last修饰时。修饰时。3)先行词是先行词是不定代词不定代词all,few,little,much,something,nothing,anything等等.4）先行词被）先

7、行词被all,any,every,each,few,little,no,some等修等修饰。饰。5）先行词既有）先行词既有人人又有又有物物时。时。b.指物时，作介词的宾语，关系代词只能用whichthis is the question about which weve had so much discussion.practice:1.they asked him to tell them everything _ he saw at the front. a. what b. that c. which d. where 2.in the dark street, there wasnt

8、a single person _ she could turn for help. (1992) a.that b. who c. from whom d. to whom 3. i dont like _ you speak to her. (1993上海上海) a.the way b.the way in that c.the way which d.the way of which bdacorrect the following sentences:1.this is the best film which i have seen. 2.thats all which want to

9、 say. this is the best film that i have seen. thats all that i want to say. 3.is there anything which you want in this shop? 4.he talked about some writers and books which/who were unknown to us all. 5.the room in that she lives is a large one. is there anything that you want in this shop? he talked

10、 about some writers and books that were unknown to us all. the room in which she lives is a large one. 关系副词when, where, why的用法1.do you still remember the day whenwe went to visit the museum together?do you still remember the day on whichwe went to visit the museum together? 2.this is the factory whe

11、remy father once worked. this is the factory in whichmy father once worked. 3.this is the reason whyhe was late. this is the reason for which he was late.summarize:在定语从句中关系副词都等于一个适当的介词加上在定语从句中关系副词都等于一个适当的介词加上which，在从句中作，在从句中作状语状语when=in/at/on/+which;where=in/at/on/+which;why=for /+whichas 引导的非限制性定语从

12、句引导的非限制性定语从句 (1)this is the same pen as i lost.this is the same pen that i lost.please compare:这本书和我丢的那本一模一样。这本书和我丢的那本一模一样。这本书就是我丢的那本。这本书就是我丢的那本。as 引导的非限制性定语从句引导的非限制性定语从句the earth is round._ is known to all.the earth is round,_ is known to all._ is known to all, the earth is round_ is known to all t

13、hat the earth is round.itwhich/ as asitas 具有正如之意，与之搭配的动词一般是固定的，如：具有正如之意，与之搭配的动词一般是固定的，如：as you know/ as you see/as we planned/as we expected定语从句在句首时只能用定语从句在句首时只能用as,as 引导的限制性定语从句引导的限制性定语从句 (2)this is such an interesting book _ we all like.this is so interesting a book _ we all like.this is such an i

14、nteresting book _we all like it.this is so interesting a book _we all like it.asthatplease complete the following sentences and compare:asthat这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。(定语从句定语从句)这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。(结果状语从句结果状语从句)介词介词+关系代词的情况关系代词的情况 1the man whom you spoke was a scientist.the city whi

15、ch she lives is far away.toin介词介词+关系代词的情况关系代词的情况 2the man who/whom you spoke was a scientist.the city that/which she lives is far away.toinare these two sentences right?介词介词+关系代词的情况关系代词的情况 3the man who/whom you spoke was a scientist.the city that/which she lives is far away.toin are these two senten

16、ces right?可见可见,who、that 不能用与介词之后不能用与介词之后 介词介词+关系代词的情况关系代词的情况 4is this the watch that you are looking for?the old man whom i am looking after is better . 在固定短语中介词不能提前在固定短语中介词不能提前下面两句中的介词能提前吗下面两句中的介词能提前吗? 1. do you like the book she spent $10? 2. do you like the book she paid $10? 3. do you like the b

17、ook she learned a lot? 4. do you like the book she often talks? 5. he built a telescope he could study the skies.介词+关系代词的情况 练习on whichfor whichfrom whichabout whichthrough which 6. there is a tall tree outside, stands our teacher. 7. china has a lot of rivers, the second longest _ is the yellow rive

18、r. 8. the tower _ people can have a good view is on the hill. 9. the man _ i spoke on the phone last night is very good at wrestling. 10. he paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows, most _ hadnt been cleaned for at least a year.under whichof whichfrom whichto whomof which1.当先行词是不定代词时当先行词是不定代词时,如如:a

19、ll ,few, little, much, every, something, anything, everything, 等等只能用只能用that 做关系代词的情况做关系代词的情况2.当先行词被当先行词被the only, the very, the same, little, few, no, any等修饰时等修饰时3.当人和物合做先行词时当人和物合做先行词时4.当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时 5.在疑问词在疑问词who、which、what开头的句子中开头的句子中practice: 1.- i drove to zhuhai for the a

20、ir show last week. (1999) - is that the reason_ you had a few days off? a.why b. when c. what d. where 2.im going to visit the school _ my mother taught physics ten years ago. a.where b. that c. which d. what 3.do you still remember the day _ i first came to beijing? a. which b. that c. when d. where aac 关系副词关系副词when, where和关系代词和关系代词that, which的区分的区分 同样是修饰一个地点，有时使用同样是修饰一个地点，有时使用wherewhere，有时使用，有时使用that/whichthat/which；同样是修饰一个时间，有时使用同样是修饰一个时间，有时使用whenwhen， 有时