模块ⅨUits语法

1、菜菜 单单高考新课标大一轮总复习英语高考新课标大一轮总复习英语( (译林版译林版) )菜菜 单单高考新课标大一轮总复习英语高考新课标大一轮总复习英语( (译林版译林版) )主谓一致主谓一致 菜菜 单单高考新课标大一轮总复习英语高考新课标大一轮总复习英语( (译林版译林版) )菜菜 单单高考新课标大一轮总复习英语高考新课标大一轮总复习英语( (译林版译林版) )原原则则典句例示典句例示主语主语谓语谓语语语法法一一致致mary is a student.单数单数单数单数mary and kelly are alike.复数复数复数复数就就近近一一致致原原则则neither you nor i am

2、 fit for the work.are neither you nor i fit for the work？由由or，either.or.，neither.nor.，not only.but also.等连接。等连接。与最近的主与最近的主语在单复数语在单复数上保持一致上保持一致there is a lake and some hills around it.由由there，here引起的主引起的主语不止一个时。语不止一个时。和最邻近的和最邻近的主语保持一主语保持一致致菜菜 单单高考新课标大一轮总复习英语高考新课标大一轮总复习英语( (译林版译林版) )意意义义一一致致原原则则the wo

3、rker and writer is from wuhan.every man and every woman has a good reason to be proud of the work done by their fathers.each of the students has a book.clothing is badly needed in this flooded area.physics is one of my favorite subjects.three weeks is a long time to wait for an answer.is everybody h

4、ere today？persuading him to join us seems really hard.whatever was left was taken away.由连词由连词and连接的并列成分指的是同一连接的并列成分指的是同一概念，兼具身份或匹配出现。概念，兼具身份或匹配出现。no/each/each/every/many a/many a单数名词单数名词andandno/no/each/every/every/many a单数名词。单数名词。one/everyone/everyone/each/either/either/the numberof复数名词。复数名词。clothi

5、ng，furniture，traffic，jewellery，baggage，equipment，luggage等无生等无生命的集体名词。命的集体名词。以以s结尾的表示学科、国家、机构、书结尾的表示学科、国家、机构、书籍、报刊等名称的词。籍、报刊等名称的词。表示时间、重量、距离、价格、金钱、表示时间、重量、距离、价格、金钱、体积等复数名词表达一个整体概念。体积等复数名词表达一个整体概念。由由every，any，some，no和和one，thing，body等所构成的不定代词。等所构成的不定代词。动词动词ing形式、动词不定式和名词性从形式、动词不定式和名词性从句。句。单单数数菜菜 单单高考新课

6、标大一轮总复习英语高考新课标大一轮总复习英语( (译林版译林版) )意意义义一一致致原原则则both bread and butter are sold out.people read for pleasure during their spare time.the goods are sold out.the olympic games are held once every four years.a number of the other plants were found in america.由由and连接的两个并列成分表示两连接的两个并列成分表示两个不同的概念；个不同的概念；peop

7、le，police，cattle等有生命的等有生命的集体名词。集体名词。一些常用作复数或只有复数形式一些常用作复数或只有复数形式的名词，如的名词，如goods，stairs，arms等。等。山脉、群岛、瀑布、运动会等以山脉、群岛、瀑布、运动会等以s结尾的专有名词。结尾的专有名词。a number of/quantities of/quantities of/a group of/one or two名词。名词。复复数数菜菜 单单高考新课标大一轮总复习英语高考新课标大一轮总复习英语( (译林版译林版) )意意义义一一致致原原则则the population in china is very la

8、rge and 80% of the population live in rural areas.every mean has been tried to solve the problem，but none is effective.there are various means of communicating with a stranger.this kind of paper is made of straw.all is going on very well.all are present besides the professor.a lot of students are co

9、ming to the meeting.a lot of work is to be done to prepare for the meeting.集体名词集体名词class，family，army，team，club，population，enemy，party，crowd，crew，audience，public，government，majority，group等强调整体，谓语用单数，等强调整体，谓语用单数，指个体成员谓语用复数。指个体成员谓语用复数。单复数同形的名词，如单复数同形的名词，如means，works，deer，fish，sheep等。等。“kind，sort，pair，t

10、ype名词名词”作主语，以这些名词本身的单作主语，以这些名词本身的单复数而定。复数而定。all，none，some，any等不定代词等不定代词作主语，根据其指代的内容而定作主语，根据其指代的内容而定。“half/most/most/enough/part/part/the rest/the last/the last/lots/plenty/plenty/分数分数/百分百分数数of名词名词”作主语，谓语要和作主语，谓语要和of之后的名词单复数保持一致。之后的名词单复数保持一致。单单复复数数视视情情况况而而定定菜菜 单单高考新课标大一轮总复习英语高考新课标大一轮总复习英语( (译林版译林版) )

11、【温馨提示】【温馨提示】1.what和和whatever引导主语从句时，谓语动词的引导主语从句时，谓语动词的单复数根据从句所表达的意义上的数确定。单复数根据从句所表达的意义上的数确定。what he says and does do not agree.他言行不一致。他言行不一致。what he says and does does not concern me.他的言行与我无关。他的言行与我无关。2在定语从句中，关系代词作主语，其谓语动词的数和先行词在定语从句中，关系代词作主语，其谓语动词的数和先行词保持一致，但保持一致，但“one of复数名词复数名词”后面的定语从句的谓语动词用复后面的定

12、语从句的谓语动词用复数，而在数，而在“the(only/very)one of复数名词复数名词”后面所接的定语从句中，后面所接的定语从句中，谓语动词却用单数。谓语动词却用单数。菜菜 单单高考新课标大一轮总复习英语高考新课标大一轮总复习英语( (译林版译林版) )he is one of the students who have taken part in the activity.他是他是参加过这个活动的学生之一。参加过这个活动的学生之一。he is the only one of the students who has taken part in the activity.他是惟一参加过

13、这个活动的学生。他是惟一参加过这个活动的学生。 3当主语后有介词当主语后有介词with，together/along with，including，like，but，except，other than，rather than和和as well as等时，谓语动词应等时，谓语动词应和前面的主语在人称和数上保持一致。和前面的主语在人称和数上保持一致。the teacher as well as the students was excited at the news.听到这听到这个消息，老师和学生们都很激动。个消息，老师和学生们都很激动。nobody except my parents knows

14、 anything about it.除了我父母之除了我父母之外，没有人知道这事。外，没有人知道这事。 菜菜 单单高考新课标大一轮总复习英语高考新课标大一轮总复习英语( (译林版译林版) ) 巩固练习巩固练习 菜菜 单单高考新课标大一轮总复习英语高考新课标大一轮总复习英语( (译林版译林版) )1(2010四川高考四川高考)such poets as shakespeare_widely read，of whose works，however，some_difficult to understand.aare；arebis；iscare；is dis；are【解析】【解析】考查主谓一致。主句中

15、的主语应为考查主谓一致。主句中的主语应为poets，谓语动词用，谓语动词用复数，其后的非限制性定语从句的主语应为复数，其后的非限制性定语从句的主语应为some of whose works，谓，谓语动词也应是复数。故选语动词也应是复数。故选a。【答案】【答案】a 菜菜 单单高考新课标大一轮总复习英语高考新课标大一轮总复习英语( (译林版译林版) )2(2010湖南高考湖南高考)listening to loud music at rock concerts_caused hearing loss in some teenagers.ais barechas dhave【解析】【解析】根据动名词

16、短语作主语，句子的谓语动词用单数形式，根据动名词短语作主语，句子的谓语动词用单数形式，由此排除由此排除b、d两项，根据主语与两项，根据主语与caused的主动关系，排除的主动关系，排除a项。项。【答案】【答案】c菜菜 单单高考新课标大一轮总复习英语高考新课标大一轮总复习英语( (译林版译林版) )3(2009江西高考江西高考)at present，one of the arguments in favor of the new airport_that it will bring a lot of jobs to the area.ais barecwill be dwere【解析】【解析】句

17、子主语为句子主语为one of the arguments，谓语用单数形式，谓语用单数形式，再根据再根据at presentnow可知，应用一般现在时。可知，应用一般现在时。【答案】【答案】a 菜菜 单单高考新课标大一轮总复习英语高考新课标大一轮总复习英语( (译林版译林版) )4(2009四川高考四川高考)the teacher together with the students_discussing reading skills that_newly published in america.aare；were bis；werecare；was dis；was【解析】【解析】考查主谓一致

18、。考查主谓一致。a together with b作主语时谓语动词作主语时谓语动词与与a的单复数保持一致；第二空为定语从句的单复数保持一致；第二空为定语从句that指代指代reading skills，由于由于reading skills是书名，所以谓语动词用单数。是书名，所以谓语动词用单数。【答案】【答案】d菜菜 单单高考新课标大一轮总复习英语高考新课标大一轮总复习英语( (译林版译林版) )5(2009江苏高考江苏高考)the population of jiangsu_to more than twice what it was in 1949.the figure is now app

19、roaching 74 million.ahas grown bhave growncgrew dare growing【解析】【解析】考查主谓一致和时态。考查主谓一致和时态。population是集合名词，或集是集合名词，或集体名词，即看成一个整体，所以谓语动词用单数形式。句子说的是江体名词，即看成一个整体，所以谓语动词用单数形式。句子说的是江苏现在的人口数量以及增长，用完成时表示现在的状态。苏现在的人口数量以及增长，用完成时表示现在的状态。【答案】【答案】a菜菜 单单高考新课标大一轮总复习英语高考新课标大一轮总复习英语( (译林版译林版) )6(2009陕西高考陕西高考)dr.smith，

20、together with his wife and daughters，_visit beijing this summer.ais going to bare going tocwas going to dwere going to【解析】【解析】考查动词时态和主谓一致。主语中心词是考查动词时态和主谓一致。主语中心词是dr.smith，表单数，谓语动词用单数形式；时间状语是表单数，谓语动词用单数形式；时间状语是this summer，表计划性的，表计划性的将来，故时态用一般将来时，选将来，故时态用一般将来时，选 a。【答案】【答案】a 菜菜 单单高考新课标大一轮总复习英语高考新课标大一轮总

21、复习英语( (译林版译林版) )7 ( 2 0 0 9 湖 南 高 考湖 南 高 考 ) e i t h e r y o u o r o n e o f y o u r students_to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.aare bischave dbe【解析】【解析】考查主谓一致的用法。考查主谓一致的用法。either.or.连接两个主语，按连接两个主语，按就近原则来确定谓语的单复数。就近原则来确定谓语的单复数。one of your students谓语应用单数形谓语应用单数形式。式。【答案】【答案】b菜菜 单单高考新课标大一轮总复习英语高考新课标大一轮总复习英语( (译林版译林版) )8(2011东营质检东营质检)why does the lake smell terrible?because large quantities of water_.ais being polluted bhave been pollutedcis polluted dhas been polluted【解析】【解析】考查主谓一致。考查