Chaper 5 oral maxillofacial Anatomy and physiolo分析课件VIP

1、oral maxillofacial anatomy lecture questions?nwhat is the oral anatomy knowledge required to understand the other scientific training? nare there any topics of medical anatomy are not relevant to you should know? nwhat changes do you wish to see in the oral anatomy and curriculum after finishing you

2、r medical anatomy?nin western educational system, you will finish most lecture time of your medical anatomy in lab. do you agree?nwould you like to have your opinion about learning maxillofacial anatomy in university? lecture questions?references are as follows: 1.medical anatomy of teachers as the

3、conventional system: 2.clinical orientation has to be given 3.subject content has to increase 4.integration of the subjects 5.design anatomy postings during the clinical phase. 6.self-directed learning has to be incorporated 7.small group activities has to increase 8.medical anatomy teachers as the

4、pbl system : 9.introduction of pbl in the later year of the course10. avoidance of information overload11. anatomy has to be taught before brainstorming sessions of pbls recommendationsnas the students have to be kept in mind memorizing the anatomic marker based on understanding the original signs n

5、amed and the related functions of the tissues and organs posted in the body nencourage framing a hybrid curriculum for oral anatomy, which is clinically relevant and student centered. nsuggest that making oral anatomy & histology hybrid approaches and clinically oriented advantageous. 2. maxilla

6、forming the boundaries of three cavities, viz., nfloor of the orbit nfloor and lateral wall of the nose nroof of the mouth, four processes1.zygomatic 2.frontal, 3.alveolar4. palatine. the body is somewhat pyramidal in shape- contains a large cavity- maxillary sinus. four surfacesan anterior, a poste

7、rior a superior or orbitala medial or nasal.3. maxillary processeszygomatic process4. mandiblenlower jaw (mandible) u-shaped and stretches from one ear, down to the chin area and then back up again to the other ear. it is joined to the upper part of the head around the ear region by two jaw joints (

8、called tmj). masticatory musclesclosing muscles:nmasseterntemporal ninternal pterygoid nexternal pterygoid (as a protractor of the mandible)opening muscles:ndigasternmylohyoid ngeniohyoid6. blood vesselsnfacial artery arises in the carotid triangle from the external carotid artery a little above the

9、 lingual arterysoft palatesub-mlymph glandsanteriorb digastric and mylohyoid musclelateral parts of upper faceinternal maxillary arterythird part (pterygopalatine)posterior superior alveolar artery infraorbital artery artery of the pterygoid canal pharyngeal artery greater (descending) palatine arte

10、ry(2) external carotid artery common carotid artery external internal carotid artery carotid artery (anterior) (posterior) (terminal)superior thyroid occipital, superficial temporallingual, posterior internal maxillary,facial, auricular medial branch(3) superficial veins superficial veins a supraorb

11、ital vein superficial temporal vein maxillary veins posterior auricular vein anterior facial vein posterior facial vein- internal jugular vein. external jugular vein. related topterygoid plexus of vein sphenopalatin veinmiddle meningeal veintransverse facial veinarticular veinssuperficial arteries a

12、nd veins of face7. lymphatic system of head and neck lower deep cervical ln inferior deep cervical ln right lymphatic trunk in the right and thoracic duct in the left (1) trigeminal nerve (cn v)sensory fibers (larger): nmasticatory muscles, ntensor palati muscle,nmylohyoid muscle,nexternal and inter

13、nal pterygoid m nanterior belly of the digastric muscle.ophthalmic nerve nincluding the eyeball, lacrimal gland, nasal mucosa, the skin of the scalp, forehead, upper eyelid, and nose. maxillary nerve (cn v2)nsphenopalatine never (internal)nzygomatic nerve (external) skin of the temple and the promin

14、ence of the cheek. ninfraorbital never (mediate) superior alveolar nerves (posterior, middle, anterior) nasal branches; greater and lesser palatine nerves. mandibular nerve (cn v3) motor portionnmasseteric nevernposterior and anterior temporal neverninternal pterygoid nevernexternal pterygoid nevers

15、ensory portionnbuccal nerve ninferior alveolar nerve nlingual nerve nauriculotemporal nerve foramenovale(2) facial nerve9. salivary glands nthe largest of the salivary glandsnwrapped around the mandibular ramusnsecretes saliva through stensens duct nfacilitate mastication and swallowing. (2) submand

16、ibular glandnlocated beneath the floor of the mouth and lying superior to the digastric musclesn70% of the salivary volumeneach submandibular gland is divided into superfacial and deep lobesnsecretions are delivered into the whartons ducts nthe ducts are crossed by the lingual nerve, and ultimately

17、drain into the sublingual caruncle(3) sublingual glandsquestion 1which of the following arteries is a branch of the external carotid? nposterior superior alveolar nsuperficial temporal ninferior alveolar nmiddle meningeal ndeep temporal question 2when the mouth is opened widely, the articular disk m

18、oves in what direction? nanteriorly nlaterally nmedially nposteriorly nnone of the above question 3the temporomandibular joint can be best described as a: nhinge joint nhinge and sliding joint nball and socket joint npivot joint nsliding joint question 4lymph vessels from the mandibular premolars pa

19、ss directly to the: nsubmental nodes ndeep cervical nodes nsupraclavicular nodes nparotid nodes nsubmandibular nodesidentify the branches of the maxillary artery by selecting the most appropriate letter. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. .middle meningealanterior deep temporalinternal carotidmaxillarys

20、ubclavianoccipitalexternal carotidinfraorbitalsuperficial temporalmylohyoidinferior alveolarhypoglossallingualposterior deep temporalophthalmicbuccalquestion 5the parotid duct pierces the buccinator muscle and opens into the oral vestibule usually opposite the: nmaxillary first molar nmaxillary seco

21、nd molar nmandibular second molar nmandibular first molar nmaxillary third molar which of the following statements best describes the facial vein?nit is located within the substance of the parotid gland nit communicates superiorly with the ophthalmic vein nit is more tortuous than the facial artery nit lies anterior to the facial artery as it passes through the face nit usually empties into the external jugular vein the coronoid process belongs to which bone in the head?nmaxillary nmandible nsphenoid noccipi